Land selection and preparation
According to its growth habit, Dendrobium should be cultivated in semi-cloudy and semi-sunny environment, with air humidity above 80% and winter temperature above 0℃. An artificially controlled environment can also be used. The suitable tree species are Liriodendron, pear and camphor trees. And it should be a living tree with thick bark, longitudinal grooves, high water content, lush foliage and thick trunk. The stone mill should also be in a cool and humid place. There is moss on the stone and a small amount of humus on the surface.
breeding method
Mainly adopts the method of ramet propagation. Dendrobium planting is generally carried out in spring, and it is easy to survive because of the high humidity and increased rainfall in spring. Dendrobium nobile, which is robust and free from diseases and insect pests, is selected, and the old stems that have been cut for more than 3 years are used as medicine, and the new stems that are 2 years old are used for reproduction. When breeding, subtract the old roots, leave 2~3 cm, separate the seeds, each gram contains 2~3 stems, and then plant. You can stick stones and trees. Stick the stones on the selected stones, drill holes at a spacing of 30cm, remove a thin layer with cow dung mixed with mud, plug artificial stone holes or stone troughs at the planting holes to make them stable and not fall off, or plug small stones for fixation. Stick the tree and plant it on the selected tree, cut off a part of the bark of the tree by 30 ~ 40cm, coat a thin layer of mixture of cow dung and soil on the seed stump, then put it in the broken skin or longitudinal crack ditch of the tree and stick the bark, then cover it with a layer of straw and tie it with bamboo.
Tiantuan management
1. Watering: In the late stage of Dendrobium planting, if the air humidity is too low, water it frequently and moisturize it, and spray it with a sprayer.
2. Topdressing: Dendrobium grows on barren land, so we should pay attention to topdressing. The first time was before and after the Qingming Festival, using pig cow dung and river mud to mix nitrogen fertilizer. The second time, around beginning of winter, peanut vats, rapeseed cakes, calcium superphosphate, etc. It is used to add river mud and paste it at the roots. In addition, topdressing can also be done outside the roots.
3. Adjust the canopy density: The canopy density of Dendrobium is about 60%, so the epiphytic trees should be pruned frequently to avoid too much shading or insufficient canopy density.
4. Pruning: When new pruning is carried out before the spring of each year, the dead stems in the cluster will be cut off in combination with harvesting the old stems, and the diseased stems, weak stems and sick roots will be removed. After planting for 6-8 years, according to the growth of the cluster, it is turned over and re-branched for reproduction.
Eliminate pests and diseases
1, Dendrobium black spot disease: damage leaves and make them wither, which occurs in March-May. Control method: spraying 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution for 0 ~ 2 times.
2. Anthracnose of Dendrobium: it harms leaves and stems, and brown or black spots appear on the damaged leaves, which occurs in June-May. Control method: spray 50% carbendazim 1000 times or 50% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times for 2~3 times.
3. Dendrobium nobile scale: parasitic on the edge or back of plant leaves, sucking juice, the peak of incubation is in late May. Control method: 40% dimethoate emulsion can be sprayed 1000 times, and the old branches can be killed or burned with shield shells.
Harvest processing
Because the varieties and commercial medicinal materials are different, the processing methods of wood are also different. Here are two methods:
(1) Wash all the collected stem plants, remove leaves and fibrous roots, separate single stem plants, blanch them with hot water at 85℃ 1~2 minutes, pick them up, spread them on a bamboo mat or concrete floor, rub off the sheath by hand when they are 50% dry, and then spread them in the sun, paying attention to turning them frequently until they are dry.
(2) You can also soak the cleaned Dendrobium in boiling water for 5 minutes, take it out and dry it, and put it on a bamboo mat, turning it over 2-3 times a day. When it is soft, dry it while kneading, and repeat it many times until the residual leaf sheath is removed, and then dry it.