Chapter 1: Breeding of Penzey's Carp

Section 1: Overview

Section 2: Biological Characteristics

I. Morphological Characteristics

II. Living Habits

III. Feeding Habits

IV. Growth Characteristics

V. Breeding Habits

Section 3: Artificial Reproduction

I, Identification of male and female

II. Source, selection and breeding of parent fish

III. Preparation before spawning

IV. Natural spawning

V. Artificial spawning

VI. Artificial hatching

VII. Oxygenated greenhouse reproduction

Section IV.

II. Fry Cultivation

III. Stock Cultivation

IV. Fry Transportation

Section V. Adult Fish Rearing

I. Pond Rearing

II. Netting Box Rearing

III. Chapter II: White Carp Culture

Section I: Overview

Section II: Biological Characteristics

I: Morphological Characteristics

II: Living Habits

III: Feeding Habits

IV: Growth Characteristics

V: Breeding Habits

Section III: Artificial Reproduction

I: Parental Selection and Breeding

II. Breeding Methods

III. Egg Hatching Methods

Section IV. Fry Cultivation

I. Fingerling Cultivation

II. p>Fourth, river rearing

Chapter III Founder Silver Carp Breeding

Section 1: Overview

Section 2: Biological Characteristics

One: Morphological Characteristics

One: Morphology

Two: Living Habits

Three: Feeding Habits

Four: Growth Characteristics

Five: Breeding Habits

Section 3: Artificial Breeding

I. Source and Selection of Parental Fish

II. Cultivation of Parental Fish

III. Artificial Hatching

IV. Artificial Hatching

V. Constructing Plastic Greenhouses to Cultivate Parental Fish in Advance

Fourth Section of Frying Cultivation

I. Cultivation of Summer Flower

II. Cultivation of Spring Fillet (Winter Fillet) Fish Stocks

Section V. Adult rearing

I. Pond breeding

II. Pond main rearing

III. Lake rearing

Chapter IV. Heterozygous silver crucian carp culture

Section I. General information

Section II. Biological characteristics

I. Morphological characteristics

II. Habits

Fourth, Growth Characteristics

Fifth, Breeding Habits

Third, Artificial Reproduction

One, Selection of Parents

Two, Breeding of Parents

Three, Artificial Procreation, Insemination

Fourth, Deglutination and Incubation

Five, Development of Embryos

Fourth, Examples of Artificial Reproduction

These are some of the most important characteristics of artificial reproduction.

Section IV Fry Breeding

I. Cultivation of Summer Flower

II. Cultivation of Spring (Winter) Fish Species

Section V Adult Fish Breeding

I. Pond Breeding

II. Netting Box Breeding

III. Paddy Breeding

IV. Lotus Root Fields Breeding

Chapter V High-Backed Carp Culturing

Section I: Overview

Section II: Artificial Reproduction

I: Selection of Parent Fish

II: Breeding of Parent Fish

III: Catalyzing Spawning and Incubation

Section III: Breeding of Fry

Section IV: Raising of Adult Carp

I: Rearing of Fry in the Current Year to Commercial Fish

II: Raising of Fish from the Spring Fillet (Winter Fillet) to Commercial Fish

Chapter 6 Songpu Silver Carp Culture

Section I Overview

Section II Biological Characteristics

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Chapter 7 Ki River Carp Culture

Chapter 8 Xiang Yun Carp Culture

Chapter 9 Red Carp Culture

Chapter 10 Xiang Carp Culture

Chapter 11 Dianchi high back crucian carp culture

Chapter 12 Rouge crucian carp culture

Appendix part of the crucian carp fry supply units

Main references Xiangyun crucian carp (formerly known as the engineering crucian carp): the crucian carp is a collaborative group headed by Academician Liu Yun of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the use of cellular engineering and sexual hybridization engineering combined with bioengineering and breeding triploid crucian carp, with its own completely non-invasive, non-transferable, non-cancellative, non-toxic, non-toxic and non-toxic. Carp, with its own completely sterile, fast-growing, disease-resistant, wide range of food, easy to catch, low-temperature resistance, meat tender and delicious, etc., at the end of the year, the fry can reach 500g, the fish species after a year of breeding, the individual can be more than 1,000g. 40% to 60% faster than the ordinary crucian carp. When pond fish farming occurs anoxic flooding, grass, silver carp died, while the Xiangyun crucian carp is safe and sound. When the water temperature is below 10℃, other fish have stopped growing, but the crucian carp can still feed and grow. Pond mixing can increase the production of 1200-1440kg/ha. Increase net profit more than 1500. Xiangyun crucian carp can be mainly cultivated in ponds, mixed culture, and can also be utilized in net boxes, paddy fields, lakes, reservoirs and other cultures.

Heterozygous crucian carp: the crucian carp is used by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Aquatic Sciences is silver crucian carp as the mother, Jiangxi's Xingguo red carp as the father, by artificial insemination cultivation of the offspring, it has obvious growth advantages, the growth rate of its mother than 34.7% faster than the second year can be grown to 500g or so, the fish seed pool stocked with heterozygous silver crucian carp Xiahua 80 ~ 120 tails, the end of the year, an average of individuals up to 250g or so, the adult ponds, if the set of 200 tails of summer flowers, the end of the year, an average of 250g or so, the adult ponds if set If the adult fish pond is stocked with 200 summer flowers, the average individual at the end of the year will be more than 200g.

Pengze crucian carp: the crucian carp is Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province and the Institute of Water Sciences **** with the cooperation of the new freshwater aquaculture varieties, which is native to Jiujiang City, Pengze County in the natural waters, because of its individual large meat tender and fresh, in the local reputation. Pengze crucian carp is omnivorous fish, with strong adaptability, rapid growth, easy reproduction, disease resistance and other excellent traits, suitable for ponds, lakes, reservoirs, rice paddies and other bodies of water culture, the year the end of the year seedlings up to about 500g.

Silver crucian carp: the crucian carp is native to Fangzheng County, Heilongjiang Province, Double Wind Reservoir, its growth rate is faster than ordinary crucian carp, the largest individual can be up to 1.5kg, at present the silver crucian carp has been transferred to all parts of the country, if in the fish seed pond set of crucian carp summer flower 200 tails, at the end of the year out of the pool per tail up to 400g or so. Silver crucian carp in adult fish ponds, can get 300-600kg/ha of production.

In order to better clarify the growth difference between Xiangyun crucian carp and Penze crucian carp and heterozygous crucian carp under the same conditions, we carried out a comparative culture trial of these three kinds of crucian carp in different ponds. The experiments are summarized as follows.

The fastest growth rate of the three species of crucian carp was Xiangyun crucian carp, followed by heterozygous crucian carp, and Pengze crucian carp was the slowest. It was 21.78% and 70.83% faster than heterozygous crucian carp and Penzey's crucian carp respectively. Because Xiangyun crucian carp is triploid and completely sterile, its growth is not affected by gonadal development, and the nutrients it ingests are completely used for nutritional growth, while the growth of heterozygous crucian carp and Penzey crucian carp is limited by sexual maturity: in terms of the survival rate of the three species of crucian carp, Xiangyun crucian carp had the highest survival rate, Penzey crucian carp the next highest, and heterozygous crucian carp the lowest. During the test period, no drugs were applied, and the disease-resistant ability of Xiangyun crucian carp and Pengze crucian carp was stronger, and no death caused by infectious fish disease occurred, while heterozygous crucian carp were susceptible to infectious diseases after mechanical damage due to netting inspection, and hemorrhagic disease death occurred during the test, which affected the survival rate; in terms of the economic benefits of the three species of crucian carp, the economic benefit of the three species of crucian carp, Xiangyun crucian carp is a complete crucian carp body shape, larger individuals, gonads are not developed, less offal, and the edible part The proportion is large, and the meat flavor is delicious, favored by the majority of consumers, the local market price of 16-20 yuan/kg, higher than the price of ordinary crucian carp, high economic benefits. However, in production practice, attention should be paid to the following problems.

1 Pond conditions and preparation before stocking

1.1 Pond selection

The pond area should be moderate, not too large, the pond area of 0.33 to 1 hectare appropriate, the area of small ponds is conducive to the replacement of the body of water and the production management. The depth of water is generally 1.8 ~ 2.5m, the pond is rectangular east-west, the bottom of the pond is flat, the bottom of the pond silt shall not be more than 30cm, no seepage, water supply is sufficient and pollution-free to deep wells groundwater is appropriate, electricity is guaranteed.

Every 6 to 8 acres of ponds are equipped with a 3kw impeller type oxygenator, and there are injection and drainage equipment.

1.2 Preparation work before stocking

1.2.1 Fish species into the pond before doing a good job of cleaning and disinfection of the pond, the old pond should be dug out of excessive silt, and by the dry pool exposure. Pond-cleaning drugs are mainly lime or chlorine preparations, requiring the whole pond splashing, thoroughly kill pathogens and wild fish.

1.2.2 15-20d before stocking, the adult fish pond water injection 1 ~ 1.2m.

2 Fish stocking

2.1 Stocking time

Mid-April, when the average water temperature reaches 6-8 ℃ to start stocking. Fish species should be sterilized by malachite green or potassium permanganate bath before entering the pool.

2.2 Choose a good breed of crucian carp, the purity of the fry should be guaranteed

The stocking of fish species should be pure varieties (crucian carp is best to choose Pengze crucian carp as appropriate), neat specifications, robust body, no injury or disease. Pure varieties of crucian carp can give full play to its advantages of fast growth, strong resistance to disease, the introduction of varieties through the local aquatic department, the conditions can also be directly with the field to sign a contract.

2.3 Develop a reasonable stocking pattern, and do a good job of species matching

Good species of crucian carp breeding generally have two forms of intensive breeding and set of breeding, intensive breeding of crucian carp pond area is best in 1 hectare or so, can be stocked with 70g / tail crucian carp 30,000, in addition to matching with 125g / tail chub 3,000. The pond should not be used with other predatory fish, so as to avoid competition for food and affect the growth of crucian carp. The number of ponds stocked with crucian carp depends on the number of main species and the size of the area. A pond with an area of 2 hectares is stocked with 180,000 tails of 50g/tail of crucian carp. This does not affect the growth rate of the main species, but also the rational use of water surface, improve efficiency.

3 Do a good job of pond water quality control and management

3.1 Spring pond application of zeolite powder or mackerel once, the use of one ten thousandth of one percent, every 7d use of good improver, a dosage of five parts per million, if the pond water transparency is less than 20cm, the dosage of ten to fifteen parts per million.

3.2 Fish growing season to the pond twice a month to injection and drainage, injection and drainage after the pond to be splashed with triad and sodium dichloroisocyanurate, to achieve the purpose of water purification and sterilization.

3.3 Test the water quality in time, apply photosynthesizing bacteria on a regular basis to provide nutrients to the plankton in the water, so that the water quality is in good condition. Throughout the breeding cycle, change the water every 10d or so, each time change the water 15cm deep, at the same time from time to time with quicklime to adjust the pH value of the water, so that it is maintained between 7.0 ~ 7.5, and with the use of oxygenator, so that the pond to maintain good water quality conditions. Oxygenator used from July, the use of the principle of "three open two not", that is, sunny days at noon open, rainy open early morning open, floating head early open, sunny days in the evening does not open, rainy open noon does not open.

3.4 Choose a stable and reliable quality of full-price feed

Feed to choose some reputable, stable quality of large-scale enterprise production of full-price feed. Breeding pond feed crude protein content of 32%, and according to the growth period gradually adjust its content, the protein content of the feed is not less than 28%, do not high open 35%, too high protein content will cause waste of feed nutrients.

3.5 Do a good job of preventing fish disease in advance, so that prevention is greater than cure

Ponds are cleared with quicklime before the release of seedlings, and the fish species are soaked in salt or potassium permanganate solution before entering the pond to kill germs on the fish body. In the breeding process every 20d or so with chlormequat chloride, fish and shrimp An and other drugs, for the whole pond sprinkling, to prevent fish disease. Diseases that harm the good breed of crucian carp mainly include "violent bacterial septicemia", "gill mold disease", "visceral stagnant water disease", "epidermal capillary hemorrhage" and so on. The first one is the "sudden bacterial septicemia". Among them, the most serious harm is caused by the "fulminant bacterial septicemia" and "epidermal capillary hemorrhage", and these diseases must be prevented in advance. Adopt the method of combining "external elimination and internal administration". Must insist on casting control drugs twice a month, in the first 20 days of the fish on the market to do two disinfection treatment. This can greatly reduce the occurrence of fish disease.