Wheat: Native to West Asia and Central Asia, it was introduced to China about 4,000 years ago.

Sorghum: The origin of this species has not been determined. At present, many researchers believe that sorghum originated in Africa and then spread to South Asia and then to the Far East.

Lotus root: It originated in South Asia and was introduced to China. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the cultivation of lotus root was quite common, with a cultivation history of more than 3,000 years. A pot of lotus root soup was unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb, and the introduction of history can be pushed forward.

Han Dynasty

Grapes: Zhang Qian brought them back from the Western Regions. The earliest grape planting was between Caspian Sea and Black Sea in Asia Minor and its south bank.

Walnut: Zhang Qian brought it back from the Western Regions, and its origin is in the present Iranian area.

Pomegranate: Zhang Qian brought it back from the Western Regions and introduced it from Shiguo and Anguo (now Bukhara and Tashkent in Uzbekistan).

Cucumber: Zhang Qian brought back from the Western Regions and originated in the tropical rain forest area at the southern foot of the Indian Himalayas.

Garlic: Zhang Qian brought it back from the Western Regions and originated in ancient Egypt, Rome and Greece along the Mediterranean coast.

Vicia faba: Zhang Qian brought it back from the Western Regions and originated in the Mediterranean coast of Europe.

Coriander: Zhang Qian was brought back from the Western Regions and originated in the Mediterranean coast of Europe and Central Asia.

Pea: Zhang Qian was brought back from the Western Regions and originated in West Asia, Mediterranean region, Ethiopia, western Asia Minor and Transcaucasia.

Taro: Native to Southeast Asia.

Three Kingdoms, Jin Dynasty, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Eggplant: Eggplant was introduced from India and appeared as a vegetable for the first time in Qi Yao Min Shu of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period

Pepper: Introduced to China in the Tang Dynasty, it originated in Persia, Arabia and South Asia.

Spinach: Originated in Persia (now Iran), it was introduced to China in South Asia during the Tang Dynasty (also known as the Han Dynasty, which cannot be verified).

Fig: Originated in Arabia, it was introduced to China in the Tang Dynasty.

Lettuce: Originated in the Mediterranean region of Europe, it was introduced to China in the Sui Dynasty.

Pistachio nuts: Originated in Iran, introduced from Central Asia in the Tang Dynasty.

Luffa: Originated in India, it was introduced to China in the late Tang Dynasty, and it was not until the Ming Dynasty that large-scale cultivation began.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

Watermelon: Originated in Africa, it was introduced to the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty and the Central Plains in the Song Dynasty.

Carrots: Originated in Afghanistan, introduced from the Western Regions in Yuan Dynasty.

the Ming Dynasty

Pineapple: It is native to Brazil.

Pepper: Originally from Mexico, it was introduced to China in the late Ming Dynasty.

Bitter gourd: Originally from East India, it was brought back to China by Zheng He.

Potato: Originated in Chile and Peru in the Andes, it was introduced and planted in the late Ming Dynasty.

Sweet potato: Native to the United States, Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Later, the Spanish brought it to the Philippines, and it was introduced to China from Southeast Asia in Wanli.

Sunflower: native to America, it was first seen in Wang's "Qunfangpu" in Ming Dynasty.

Corn: Originated in the Andes of Mexico and Peru, it was brought to the whole world by the Spanish, and it was widely planted at the end of the Ming Dynasty.

Peanut: native to the northwest of Argentina and the Andes. Jia Ming recorded it for the first time in China in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty.

Ching Dynasty

Strawberry: Native to South America. There are wild species in China, and good products were introduced from abroad in the middle of Qing Dynasty.

Apple: Native to central and southeastern Europe, Central Asia and even Xinjiang, China. Apples have been planted in China for more than two thousand years, but in the middle of19th century, European apples were introduced to China, gradually replacing the original China apple varieties.

Cauliflower: Originated in the coastal areas of China, introduced in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty.

Cabbage: It originated in the coastal areas of China and was introduced to China in the early Qing Dynasty.

Onion: It is native to the plateau areas around Iran and Afghanistan. It first spread to Egypt, then to the Mediterranean, to the United States in the16th century, to Japan in the19th century and to China in the early 20th century.

Tomatoes: Native to the Andes in South America. /kloc-was introduced to Europe in the 6th century, to Southeast Asia in the 7th century, and to China in the Qing Dynasty.