They can be eaten together!\x0d\\x0d\ [Title]: Chinese cabbage\x0d\ [English]: Chinese cabbage\x0d\ [Genus and species]: Brassicaceae, annual and biennial herb. Including two major categories: ball-bearing and non-ball-bearing. \x0d\\x0d\　Chinese cabbage is an important vegetable that is indispensable in people's lives. It is delicious and nutritious. It is known as the "King of Vegetables" and is loved by the masses. Evolved from Brassica oleifera. Served as tender leaf bulbs, rosette leaves or flower stems. The cultivation area and consumption rank first among all kinds of vegetables in China. \x0d\\x0d\　Origin and variety\x0d\\x0d\　Chinese cabbage is native to northern my country, introduced to the south, and cultivated in both north and south. It was introduced to Japan, Europe and the United States in the 19th century. There are many types of cabbage. The Chinese cabbage in the north includes Shandong Jiaozhou Chinese cabbage, Beijing Qingbai, Tianjin Green, Northeastern Dwarf Chinese cabbage, Shanxi Yangcheng Daomaobian, etc. Chinese cabbage in the south was introduced from the north, and its varieties include Wujinbai, Silkworm cabbage, Cockscomb white, Xueliqing, etc., all of which are excellent varieties. Cabbage contains protein, fat, multiple vitamins, minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, and a large amount of crude fiber. It can be used for stewing, frying, stir-frying, mixing, stuffing, and side dishes. In particular, cabbage contains more vitamins. Eating it with meat can not only increase the deliciousness of the meat, but also reduce the nitrite and nitrite-like substances in the meat, and reduce the production of carcinogen nitrite amines. As the saying goes: "Pork is the most delicious meat, and cabbage is the only fresh dish." In addition to being used for cooked food, cabbage can also be processed into dried vegetables or made into pickled products. For example, Hebei's "Beijing Dongcai" is made of Cabbage is a famous local specialty throughout the country. \x0d\\x0d\　High pile type cabbage\x0d\\x0d\　The cabbage root has a shallow root system, the main root is thick, the lateral roots are well developed, and they are distributed horizontally. The leaves are hairy or hairless and are attached to shortened stems in a rosette shape. The axillary buds are underdeveloped except for shoot-type and tillering types. Racemes, flowers light yellow to yellow. Siliques. Cultivated cabbage belongs to two subspecies of Brassica: the head-bearing cabbage is divided into loose-leaf varieties, semi-head varieties, flower-center varieties and head-head varieties according to the degree of leaf ball cohesion; non-heading cabbage is divided into ordinary cabbage, colloidal cabbage There are 5 varieties of Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage and tillering cabbage. \x0d\\x0d\　Changzhou "Wuta Cai" \x0d\\x0d\　 Various types of cabbage require a mild climate. However, the suitable temperature and cultivation conditions required for heading cabbage and non-heading cabbage are different. It is suitable for sandy loam, loam and clay loam soil with strong fertilizer and water retention capacity. The optimum soil pH is 6.5-7. The most serious diseases of cabbage include viral diseases, downy mildew and soft rot; in addition, there are dry heartburn, white spot, black spot, black rot, anthracnose, sclerotinia, etc. The main pests include aphids, cabbage caterpillars, diamondback moths, cutworms, etc. Heading cabbage is the main vegetable in winter and early spring in China due to its high yield and suitable for long-term storage.\x0d\\x0d\　History\x0d\\x0d\　Chinese cabbage is a vegetable native to my country and has a long history of cultivation. According to textual research, cabbage seeds found in the original village site of Banpo in Xi'an during the Neolithic period in my country are about 6,000 to 7,000 years ago. There is a saying in "The Book of Songs: Gu Feng" that "there are no lower body parts when picking wormwood and philippines." Records show that in the Central Plains region more than 3,000 years ago, the utilization of vines (vine greens, mustard greens, and water woaf, which are cabbage and the like) and philippines (radish and the like) has been very common. By the Qin and Han dynasties, this kind of watercress, which tastes dry but sweet, was differentiated from "葑"; the "Wu Lu" of the Three Kingdoms period (the third century AD) recorded that "Lu Xun urged people to plant bean sprouts". The "Book of Qi" of the Southern Qi Dynasty (fifth century AD) has a description of "Wang Yeliu Jian prepared a meal, and the dish was just cabbage (cabbage)" ("Biography of King Zhao of Wuling Ye"). Tao Hongjing of the same period said: "There is cabbage in the dish. The most common food. "Bai Siong was bred in the Tang Dynasty, and was officially called cabbage in the Song Dynasty. Su Song in the Song Dynasty said: "There is a kind of Chinese cabbage in Yangzhou with round and big leaves... It has no dregs when eaten, and it is the so-called cabbage." Li Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty quoted Lu Dian's "Piya" and said: "Cong, in the late winter, Withered, common in all seasons, there is pine, so it is called Chinese cabbage. "\x0d\\x0d\　 Medicinal value \x0d\\x0d\ In addition to being used as a vegetable for people to eat, cabbage also has medicinal uses. value. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that cabbage is sweet and mild in nature and has the effects of clearing away heat and relieving irritability, quenching thirst, diuresis, and relieving gastrointestinal problems. Regular consumption of cabbage can prevent vitamin C deficiency (scurvy).

There are also folk prescriptions for using cabbage to treat colds. The method is to use dried cabbage roots, add brown sugar, ginger slices, and decoct them in water; Sweat and the cold will be cured. Wash and chop the Chinese cabbage and fry it in thick soup. Wash the chilblain affected area every night before going to bed. Wash it for several days to get the effect. Cabbage seeds can relieve hangover. For those who are drunk and unconscious, cabbage seeds can be ground into powder and mixed with "Jinghua water" (that is, well water freshly drawn from a well), which is effective. For people with weak qi and cold stomach, it is not advisable to eat more cabbage to avoid nausea and vomiting. If you eat too much, you can use ginger to relieve it. \x0d\\x0d\　Dietary taboos\x0d\\x0d\　1. Avoid eating cooked cabbage overnight and unpickled Chinese cabbage\x0d\\x0d\　2. People with diarrhea should avoid eating Chinese cabbage as much as possible\x0d\\x0d\　3. People with qi deficiency and stomach cold should not eat more. \x0d\\x0d\　4. When cutting Chinese cabbage, it is better to cut it into strips, so that the Chinese cabbage will not be cooked easily. \x0d\\x0d\　How to choose\x0d\\x0d\　It is better to choose stuffed Chinese cabbage until the top is tightly packed, heavy, protruding at the bottom, and has a large root cut. \x0d\\x0d\ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Cabbage is somewhere between an idiot and a rookie, meaning a person with a very low IQ.\x0d\\x0d\　 　　 Related recipes \x0d\ 　　 Vinegar-braised cabbage\x0d\\x0d \ Ingredients: 300 grams of tender cabbage \x0d\ Accessories: 2 grams of dried dried shrimps, 50 grams of fresh green pepper, 15 grams of wet starch, 50 grams of lard, 5 ingredients of Sichuan peppercorns, 10 grams of sesame oil, vinegar, MSG, garlic slices and soy sauce. \x0d\ Method: \x0d\ 1. Cut the cabbage into 4 cm long and 2 cm wide strips, and cut the green pepper into smaller cabbage strips. \x0d\　2. Put oil in the pot, heat it to 50% hot, add peppercorns, fry until purple red (do not burn), remove the peppercorns, then put the cabbage pieces in and stir-fry for a few times, then Add shredded ginger, garlic slices and dried shrimps, stir-fry for a few more times, quickly add vinegar, sugar, MSG, refined salt and fresh soup (50g), cover and simmer for 1 minute, then remove the cover, add chopped cabbage and green pepper pieces, stir-fry After a few times, adjust the taste, thicken it with wet starch, add some sesame oil, take it out of the pan and put it on a plate. \x0d\　Features: Taste sour, sweet, salty, tender and rich in fragrance. \x0d\　Note: If the green pepper is changed to sharp green pepper, and the sesame oil is changed to red pepper oil, this is how to make sweet and sour spicy cabbage. \x0d\\x0d\ Milk depends on cabbage\x0d\ Ingredients: 500 grams of cabbage, 100 grams of fresh milk\x0d\ Ingredients: minced ham, dried sea rice, 16 grams each of starch, 125 grams of lard, MSG, salt , sesame oil and ginger are not each appropriate amount. \x0d\ Method: \x0d\ 1. Remove leaves from Chinese cabbage and cut into 1.5 cm wide and 5 cm long pieces. \x0d\　2. Heat the pot and add lard. When the oil temperature reaches 70%, fry the cabbage cubes for about 1 minute. When you see the cabbage cubes turn beige on all sides, take them out and control the remaining oil. Leave 25% oil in the original pot. Gram, put the uncooked ginger into the pot, pour in the fried cabbage, milk, dried shrimps, salt, monosodium glutamate and a little fresh soup, put it over a slow fire, when the juice is a little bit put in the minced ham, use starch to thicken the gravy, and when the gravy is cooked Flip the pan and add some sesame oil and serve on a plate. \x0d\ Features: Beautiful color, fragrant and palatable.\x0d\\x0d\ Chestnut-roasted cabbage\x0d\ Ingredients: 300 grams of Chinese cabbage heart, 100 grams of chestnuts\x0d\ Ingredients: 10 grams each of ham and bamboo shoots, 15 grams of wet starch grams, 25 grams of cooked lard, 125 grams of peanut oil, appropriate amounts of salt, monosodium glutamate, white sugar and sesame oil. \x0d\ Method: \x0d\ 1. Cut the root of the cabbage heart into a pointed shape with a small knife, break it in half, and cut it into 7 cm long and 0.6 cm wide cabbage strips (cut several times vertically at the root to make the whole Chop sum connected), ham, bamboo shoots cut into ribs, cut a small cross on each chestnut (just cut through the chestnut skin), add water to the pot, add the chestnuts and cook the skin until soft, peel off the chestnut skin while it is hot. \x0d\　2. Pour the peanut oil into the pot, and when it is 60% hot, add the chestnuts and cabbage, fry them briefly, and remove the oil. \x0d\　3. Put the wok on the fire, add 30 grams of lard, then add cabbage, chestnuts, ham slices, bamboo shoot slices, salt, monosodium glutamate and sugar. Bring to a boil over high heat, then simmer over low heat for 5 minutes. Add starch with water to thicken the soup. , add some sesame oil and serve. \x0d\　Features: Juicy and delicious, crispy and delicious.

\x0d\\x0d\ Juice cabbage heart\x0d\ Ingredients: 2000 grams of cabbage heart\x0d\ Ingredients: tender coriander stems, 100 grams each of red bell pepper, thick orange juice, sugar, salt, monosodium glutamate and banana essence. \x0d\ Method: \x0d\ 1. Cut the cabbage heart and red bell pepper into 4 cm long filaments \x0d\ 2. Marinate the cabbage heart, red bell pepper shreds and coriander stems with refined salt for 20 minutes, drain out the salt water, and add Mix monosodium glutamate, concentrated orange juice, sugar, and banana essence, mix well, and put it in the refrigerator for a few hours before eating. \x0d\　Features: Bright color, crisp, tender and sour, cool and refreshing. \x0d\\x0d\　Spinach\x0d\　Spinacia oleracea\x0d\\x0d\　Spinach is an annual or biennial herb in the Chenopodiaceae family. Also known as spinach and Persian grass. The leaves and young stems are eaten. It is native to Iran and has been cultivated 2000 years ago. Later it spread to North Africa and then to Western Europe, Spain and other countries by the Moors. Spinach has been cultivated in China as late as the Tang Dynasty. \x0d\\x0d\　Spinach has a well-developed main root, a fleshy red root, and is sweet and edible. The root mass is mainly distributed in the soil surface layer of 25 to 30 cm. The leaves are clustered, and the petiole is attached to the shortened stem disk before bolting. It is rosette-shaped and dark green. The flowers are unisexual and dioecious, with a sexual ratio of about 1:1, and occasionally monoecious flowers are found. The male flowers are in the form of spikes or panicles, and the female flowers are clustered in the leaf axils. Cell fruit, each containing 1 seed, with a hard, leathery shell. According to the structure of the outer bracts of the fruit, it can be divided into two types: thorny species and thornless species. Spinach is a cold-tolerant vegetable and a long-day plant. It requires a lot of water during the growth process. It grows vigorously when the effective soil moisture content is 70% to 80% and the relative air humidity is 80% to 90%. The soil requirements are not strict, and a pH of 7 to 8 is appropriate. The demand for nitrogen fertilizer is greater, followed by phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. Sowing can be done in spring and autumn. It is mainly sown in autumn, and the growing period is about 60 days. In northern China, there are also types of spinach that are sown in winter and harvested in spring, commonly known as head-down spinach. Drill or broadcast can be used. The main diseases of spinach include downy mildew, viral diseases, and anthracnose. The main pests include aphids, leaf miners, etc. \x0d\\x0d\　Spinach stems and leaves are soft, tender, delicious and rich in vitamin C, carotene, protein, and minerals such as iron, calcium, and phosphorus. In addition to being eaten as fresh vegetables, it can also be dehydrated, dried and quick-frozen. \x0d\\x0d\　The family genus is the whole plant with roots of spinach in the Chenopodiaceae family. \x0d\\x0d\　 Also known as spinach, red root vegetable, Persian grass and parrot vegetable. \x0d\\x0d\　Nature and flavor are meridian distribution, cool in nature, sweet and pungent in taste, non-toxic; human intestine and stomach meridian. \x0d\\x0d\ Efficacy: It mainly nourishes blood and stops bleeding, benefits the five internal organs, unblocks blood vessels, quenches thirst and moistens the intestines, nourishes yin and calms the liver, and aids digestion. It is mainly used to treat high blood pressure, headache, dizziness, wind-fire red eyes, diabetes, constipation and other diseases. \x0d\\x0d\ 100 grams of nutritional content contains 91.8 grams of water, 2.4 grams of protein, 0.5 grams of fat, 3.1 grams of carbohydrates, 0.7 grams of crude fiber, 1.5 grams of ash, 3.87 mg of carotene, 10.04 mg of vitamin B, and vitamins B20.13 mg, niacin 0.6 mg, vitamin C 39 mg, calcium 72 mg, phosphorus 53 mg, iron 1.8 mg, potassium 502 mg, sodium 98.6 mg, magnesium 34.3 mg, chlorine 200 mg. \x0d\\x0d\　Therapeutic Effects\x0d\\x0d\　1. Helps facilitate bowel movement and prevents hemorrhoids. Spinach contains a large amount of plant crude fiber, which promotes intestinal peristalsis, facilitates defecation, and promotes pancreatic secretion to aid digestion. It has a therapeutic effect on hemorrhoids, chronic pancreatitis, constipation, anal fissure and other diseases. \x0d\\x0d\　2. Promote growth and development and enhance disease resistance. The carotene contained in spinach is converted into vitamin A in the human body, which can maintain normal vision and the health of epithelial cells, increase the ability to prevent infectious diseases, and promote the growth and development of children. \x0d\\x0d\　3． Ensure nutrition and improve health. Spinach is rich in carotene, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, and a certain amount of iron, vitamin E, rue II, coenzyme Q10 and other beneficial ingredients. It can provide the human body with a variety of nutrients; the iron it contains It has a good auxiliary therapeutic effect on iron deficiency anemia. \x0d\\x0d\　4. Promote human metabolism and delay aging. The fluorine-containing phenol, 6-hydroxymethylpyridione and trace elements in spinach can promote human metabolism and improve physical health.

Eating a lot of spinach can reduce the risk of stroke. \x0d\\x0d\　5． Clean skin and anti-aging. Spinach extract can promote the proliferation of cultured cells, which not only resists aging but also enhances youthful vitality. Chinese people mash spinach to extract juice, wash their face several times a week, and use it continuously for a period of time to clean skin pores, reduce wrinkles and pigment spots, and keep the skin smooth. \x0d\\x0d\　Health recipes\x0d\\x0d\　1. Jinling Spinach Soup: 20 grams each of Dendrobium and Poria, 12 grams of Adenophora adenophora, 400 grams of spinach, 800 ml of vegetarian soup (made by boiling bean sprouts with water), appropriate amounts of green onion and ginger. Decoction dendrobium, poria, and Adenophora japonicus in water to get 200 ml of juice; wash the spinach, cut into 4 cm sections, cut green onion into white sections, and slice the ginger into loose pieces. Blanch the spinach quickly and remove it; put the wok on high heat, add peanut oil to heat, add ginger and stir-fry until red, remove the ginger; add refined salt, pour in the liquid medicine and vegetarian soup, bring to a boil, then pour in the spinach, and the soup boils Just seasoning. This dish is composed of spinach and sweet and nourishing medicine, which has the effects of nourishing the stomach, nourishing yin, strengthening the spleen and helping food. It has a certain therapeutic effect on people with gastrointestinal dryness and heat, less yin fluid, and loss of appetite. \x0d\\x0d\　2． Spinach porridge: 50 grams each of spinach and jujube, and 100 grams of japonica rice. Wash the japonica rice and jujubes, add water and make porridge. When cooked, add spinach and bring to a boil. This porridge is rich in nutrients, has the effects of strengthening the spleen, replenishing qi, nourishing blood and replenishing deficiency. It is often used to treat iron deficiency anemia. It can be taken once a day for several days. \x0d\\x0d\　3． Spinach mixed with lotus root slices: 200 grams each of spinach and fresh lotus root. Pick the tender spinach, wash it, and blanch it briefly in boiling water; peel and slice the fresh lotus root, boil it in boiling water for a while; add salt, sesame oil, and MSG to the above two ingredients and mix well. This dish has the effect of clearing the liver and improving eyesight, and is suitable for conditions such as blurred vision, dizziness and trembling limbs caused by insufficient liver blood. \x0d\\x0d\　4． Spinach and mutton liver soup: 8 grams each of fresh spinach and mutton liver. Wash the spinach and cut it into sections, and slice the lamb liver into slices; add about 750 ml of water to the pot, bring to a boil, then add the lamb liver, roll out the spinach, add an appropriate amount of salt, sesame oil, and MSG, and then roll it out. Eat lamb liver, spinach and drink soup. This soup has the effect of nourishing the liver and improving eyesight, and is suitable for conditions such as blurred vision and dry eyes. \x0d\\x0d\　5． Spinach and pig blood soup: 500 grams each of fresh spinach and cooked pig blood, appropriate amounts of ginger slices and green onions. Wash and cut fresh spinach into sections, and cut pig blood into strips; put the pot on the fire, add lard, and scallions. Stir-fry ginger until fragrant, add pork blood and stir-fry, add cooking wine, stir-fry until water dries up, add broth, salt, pepper, spinach, bring to a boil, and serve in a soup basin. This soup has the functions of nourishing blood and stopping bleeding, astringing yin and moisturizing dryness, and is suitable for diseases such as blood deficiency, intestinal dryness, anemia and bleeding. \x0d\\x0d\　Precautions: The oxalic acid and calcium salts contained in spinach can combine to form calcium oxalate crystals, which will make the urine of patients with nephritis turbid and increase casts and salt crystals. Therefore, patients with nephritis and kidney stones should not eat it. \x0d\\x0d\ Excerpts from literature \x0d\\x0d\ "Dietotherapeutic Materia Medica": "Benefits the five internal organs, relieves gastrointestinal heat, and relieves alcohol poisoning. It is best to take elixirs and eat them" \x0d\\x0d\ "Compendium of Materia Medica" : "Chasing the blood vessels, opening the chest septum, lowering the Qi, regulating the Qi, quenching thirst and moisturizing dryness." \x0d\\x0d\ People with stagnation and hemorrhoids should eat it. "\x0d\\x0d\" "Lu Chuan Materia Medica": "It can promote blood circulation, activate blood circulation, stop bleeding, and remove blood stasis." \x0d\\x0d\　Cultural Appreciation. \x0d\\x0d\　Su Dongpo, Song Dynasty. "Spinach": "The bitter cold in the north has not ended, and the pine ribs under the snow are like iron armor. How could you know that my Shu\x0d\ is rich in winter vegetables, and the leaves and buds are exposed by frost and grow stronger in the cold."\x0d\\x0d\ Historical legend: "New Book of Tang· "The Biography of the Western Regions" records that "in the 20th year of Nibolu (Zhenguan) (AD 647), an envoy was sent to offer buleng, soybean sprouts, and scallions." That is to say, spinach was introduced to my country from Nepal. "\x0d\\x0d\ Folk legend: It is said that when an emperor of the Qing Dynasty traveled incognito in the south of the Yangtze River, he ate a delicious dish in a common people's home. After returning to the palace, the emperor asked the imperial chef to cook it in the same way. The dish was called "Gold inlaid with white jade plate, red mouth" Green parrot. "This is actually the reputation of spinach-roasted tofu.\x0d\\x0d\ "Tanghuiyao": "During the reign of Emperor Taizong, the country of Boluo offered balsamic vegetables, which are red and blue, but are actually like tribulus. When cooked, they will improve the taste. The alchemist's secret name is Persian grass. "Its roots are red, so it is commonly known as red root vegetables.

\x0d\\x0d\ Scientific research \x0d\ Wang Junwei, a master's student in vegetable breeding at the School of Science and Engineering of Shandong Agricultural University, studied under Associate Professor Wei Youying, a well-known domestic breeding expert. He is engaged in the breeding of spinach salt tolerance and spinach hybrids. He has already Achieve certain results. In 2007, he participated in the Science and Technology Innovation Guidance Program for College Students in Tai'an City, and the "Innovative Research on Spinach Pure Female Line Breeding Methods" (2007D1004), which he applied for, was approved as a Class A project in Tai'an City (the highest amount of funding for college students in Tai'an City). This topic has passed the preliminary evaluation in April 2007. At the report meeting, the research value and expected research results of this topic were unanimously affirmed and praised by the leaders of the Tai'an Science and Technology Bureau, the School Science and Technology Department and other leaders present at the meeting. \x0d\　How to choose\x0d\\x0d\　It is better to choose spinach with short red stems and fresh and elastic leaves.