Two, the provisions of the seedling planting plum seedlings are authentic, excellent tree cuttings and Mei Shi rootstock grafting. The seedlings are robust, with round branches and axillary buds, the height of the seedlings is more than 80cm, the underground stems are more than 0.8cm thick, the taproots are fine, there are many roots, there are no diseases, and the seedlings have strong drought resistance.
Third, the planting time is generally suitable for planting plums in spring, autumn and rainy season. According to the specific climatic conditions of Eryuan, the rainy season from July to August is suitable for planting plums.
Four. Planting countermeasures Relative planting density: For flat roads and gentle slopes with good soil standards, 42 plants are planted, with a row spacing of 4mx4m, 1 mu; For mountainous areas, in order to better improve the early yield, we can plan sparse planting, choose 3mx4m plant row spacing and plant 55 plants at 1 mu.
Preparation of planting pits in advance: according to the standardized cultivation regulations, it must be designated by hanging lines, that is, it must be shaped according to the set plant spacing level. The specifications and models of the planting pit are specified as 80cmx80cmx80cm. When digging a pond, the planting pit should be placed with subsoil and subsoil respectively. When burying garbage, 25-30 kilograms of farm manure should be applied to each pool. After fertilization and mixing, the garbage should be buried 35cm up and down, and the mature soil (subsoil) should face down.
Planting method: firstly, determine the core of the planting pit as the planting point, and then dig a pit with a depth of 30cm and a width of 40cm. Secondly, after unbinding the selected grafted seedlings, stand the seedlings in the planting holes, evenly distribute the rhizomes in the holes, gently cultivate the soil on the rhizomes, after covering the soil, gently cultivate the soil to make the rhizomes flex and stretch, fully touch the soil, fill the soil while stepping, and expose the road surface by grafting method for 5- 10cm. If the seedlings fall within one month, they should be replanted immediately.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) soil management method expands caves and changes soil: in other words, improves soil outside planting pits. Generally speaking, when base fertilizer is used in the following autumn, it is used to dig holes at the edge of crown width, accounting for 70% of the annual fertilization. With the gradual expansion of the trunk, base fertilizer is applied to the outer hole to achieve the practical effect of deep soil curing.
Management method of ridging: The management method of ridging mainly includes loosening soil and consolidating roots, ridging soil and weeding. Plum blossoms have shallow roots, early dead leaves, loose and deep soil, and the deep soil thickens the root layer to avoid sunburn of bare skin and raise fish tank water. Generally speaking, when ploughing in autumn and ploughing, comprehensive fertilization should be carried out according to the local climate and soil impurities.
Six, plum tree fertilization plum tree fertilization includes base fertilizer, pre-flowering fertilizer, flowering fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer, pre-harvest fertilizer. Base fertilizer is generally used in autumn and applied in August at the latest to facilitate the digestion and absorption of roots. Fertilization accounts for 60%-70% of the total annual fertilization output, mainly organic fertilizer, generally 50Kg per plant, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1kg, base fertilizer 0.5Kg, and fruit tree pruning can be reduced as appropriate.
Pre-flowering fertilizer is used at the flowering stage of flower buds, generally from June 165438+ 10 to February 65438+2, with base fertilizer of 0.25Kg, ammonium sulfate of 0.25Kg and compost peanut bran 1Kg. Conclusion Base fertilizer and potassium fertilizer 1Kg are applied to pruned trees.