Loquat is the earliest ripe fruit variety in a year. High-quality loquat has large fruit, few stones, orange peel, soft and juicy pulp, moderate sweet and sour taste, unique flavor and rich nutrition, and has the effects of clearing away heat, moistening lung, relieving cough and invigorating stomach. High-quality loquat has quietly entered the high-grade fruit market, not only selling high, but also selling well. Planting loquat has a broad market prospect. In order to obtain high quality and high yield, we should pay attention to the following points:

1, Reasonable close planting: Choose red, yellow and loam soil with deep soil layer, good drainage and rich humus for planting, with a spacing of 4 × 5m and 30-40 plants per mu.

2. Deep digging and planting holes: the width is about 1m and the depth is 0.8m, or the bottom layer is opened after blasting.

3. Re-applying base fertilizer: each hole is filled with 0.5-0.75 kg of lime, 65,438+0-65,438+0.5 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer. 1 kg of compound fertilizer and 20-30 kg of decomposed manure are divided into three layers according to the thickness, and filled into the mound with the best ground area of 35-40 cm. ?

Three years after planting loquat seedlings with scientific topdressing is the tending period of young trees, and vegetative growth is the main way to expand the crown. Fertilization should be "light fertilizer and diligent application, promoting front control and rear control". Before and after sprouting in spring, summer and autumn shoots, shoot-promoting fertilizer and shoot-strengthening fertilizer should be applied once a year. Apply 5- 10 kg of water and fertilizer to each plant, and add 50- 100 g of urea for mixed application.

Fertilization for adult fruit trees: generally, fertilization is divided into 3-4 times, from June 5438+0-February, after the flowers wither to the young fruit stage, mainly available potassium and phosphorus; In May and June, fruit fertilizer was applied again, with 30-40 kg water fertilizer per plant, cake (withered) fertilizer 1-2 kg and calcium superphosphate 1 kg mixed application to restore tree vigor and promote the emergence of summer shoots. Apply pre-flowering fertilizer and fruit fertilizer at the right time.

After shaping, pruning and planting loquat, cut off the top and fix the stem on the trunk about 50 cm from the ground. When budding in spring, the upward growing 1 strong buds and 4-5 lateral buds in different directions are selected, and the central trunk and several main branches are cultivated by traction. The angles of the main branches are widened by pulling, bracing and hanging, so that they grow obliquely (or horizontally) to form the first layer of branches.

According to this method, the second and third branches are cultivated, the central trunk above the third branch is happy, and the crown height is controlled at about 3 meters. The fruiting loquat orchard can be pruned in May-June after fruit picking in summer or before germination in spring. It is mainly to delete over-dense branches, dead branches, pests and diseases branches and long branches, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and concentrate nutrients.