1. Temperature: prefer warm, avoid heat, and do not tolerate long-term low temperature. Germination temperature 25 ℃, growth temperature 20-25 ℃; flower ball growth temperature 15-20 ℃, 25 ℃ above high temperature, often easy to produce green flowers, hairy flowers and other deformed flower ball. 2. Sunshine: the plant grows well in sufficient light, but can also tolerate a slightly shaded environment. The flower ball in direct sunlight, often make the color yellow, reduce the quality. 3. Moisture: cauliflower has a large leaf area, but is weak in drought and flood tolerance. Excessive soil water content will affect the growth of the roots, causing the plant to wither in severe cases; if the soil is too dry, the plant grows poorly, the flower ball will form early, and the ball is small and poor quality. 4. Nutrients: cauliflower plant is tall, is both fertilizer and fertilizer-tolerant vegetables, especially need nitrogen fertilizer, such as the appropriate use of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, can make the plant grow better. 5. Soil: cauliflower needs deep soil, rich in organic matter, well-drained, strong water retention sandy loam. A spring cauliflower cultivation technology 1. Variety selection Select cold hardiness, suitable for spring growth varieties, such as Sherrya. 2. Sowing seedling Sowing seedling method is basically the same as conventional cauliflower seedling, but pay attention to the following points: to use facilities for seedling, good heat preservation measures. Sowing seeds in early December. It is best to use a nutrient bowl or hole tray direct sowing, without the need for seedling, to reduce the transplanting of the seedling period. 2.1 Seedling soil preparation Seedling bed soil to use artificial preparation of nutrient soil is preferred, nutrient soil is generally composed of garden soil and organic fertilizer, the ratio of 2:1. garden soil should be selected for more than three years have not planted crocus plots as well; organic fertilizer must be fully rotted. Nutritional soil can be added to a small amount of calcium superphosphate or compound fertilizer. When the soil is too sticky, about 15% of fine sand can be added to improve aeration. Preparation of nursery bed soil must be mixed evenly. Artificially prepared nutrient soil, soil structure, fertile, strong water retention, good aeration, less pathogenic bacteria, is conducive to cultivating strong seedlings. 2.2 Sowing late November to early December sowing, greenhouse seedling wintering, each in can be adapted to local conditions to choose the appropriate sowing period, sowing before the bed must be leveled, and back and forth to step once; seedbed should be fully irrigated, irrigated bed water all seeped down, the first sprinkled a thin layer of sifted fine soil, and then dry seeds evenly spread on the bed, sowing and immediately covered with sifted fine soil, mulch thickness of 5 times (about 0.5cm) The thickness of the mulch should be uniform, 3-4g per square meter. immediately after sowing, cover the plastic film tightly and keep warm and moist at night. 2.3 Sorting (false planting) Sorting beds generally use cold beds, bed soil is still appropriate to use nutrient soil. Seedlings before the cold bed with a plastic film cover tightly soil warming 10-15 days, in order to improve the ground temperature of the seedling bed. When the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves for seeding. Splitting seedlings according to the size of different seedlings separate, split seedlings of the plant row spacing of 10cm?10cm. in order to prevent the splitting of seedlings after flooding caused by the drop in ground temperature, affecting the slowing down of the seedlings, can be used to split the ditch row spacing of 10cm, ditching after watering the stable seedling water, then according to the 10cm spacing of the stick seedling and mulch root pressure, fill in the flat, and then proceed to the next line. Waiting to slow down seedlings after plowing squatting seedlings. Conditions, you can use the diameter of 10cm nutrient bowl seedling method, nutrient bowl seedling is conducive to the protection of the root system, transplanting seedlings should be covered with plastic film, cover the cover at night, heat preservation to promote seedling slowing. Directly sown in the nutrient bowl or hole tray, do not need to seedling. 2.4 Seedling management Before the emergence of seedlings to strengthen thermal insulation measures to promote rapid emergence of seedlings, daytime control at 20-25 ℃, night at 10 ℃ or so appropriate. After the seedlings come out, the bed surface is covered with fine soil with a thickness of 0.3-0.5cm to prevent cracking of the bed surface and conserve moisture. When the cotyledons of the seedlings are fully expanded, inter-seedling is carried out, crowded seedlings are pulled out, and 0.5cm of fine soil is sprinkled to facilitate the growth of the seedling root system and prevent the occurrence of sudden collapse disease in the seedling stage. When the seedlings are all out, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the temperature and temperature of the seedbed to prevent futility, controlled at 15-20 ℃ during the day, and about 5 ℃ at night. Seedlings must pay attention to ventilation and cooling, otherwise the high temperature and high humidity environment is easy to cause long foot seedlings, affecting early maturity and high yield. The first true leaves unfold to the seedling, the temperature in the seedbed to control at 15-18 ℃, not higher than 20 ℃, the lowest temperature control at 3-5 ℃. The temperature is realized through the late uncovering and early covering of the mulch and ventilation, so that the temperature of the seedbed is in the appropriate range for the growth of meristem seedlings. When the temperature is high, it can be appropriate to uncover early and cover late, and ventilation can also be put on early and shut off late, or even increase the amount of ventilation; the uncovering of the mulch early and late, the size of the ventilation, and the length of the ventilation time should be decided according to the temperature, the size of the wind and the growth of seedlings. A few days before seedling splitting, the ventilation should be increased to enhance the adaptability of seedlings to the external adverse environment during seedling splitting. In order to promote seedling retarding, the first three days after seedling separation, pay attention to heat preservation management, increase the temperature of the seedbed, but not more than 30 ℃. After slowing down the seedlings, gradually ventilate, reduce the temperature appropriately, the temperature in the bed does not exceed 20 ℃ during the day, and the night is not less than 2 ℃ or so. Mulch should be uncovered early and covered late to increase the light time of the seedlings, and then gradually increase the amount of ventilation, so that the seedling growth environment close to open field conditions. In order to enhance the resistance of seedlings to low temperature and dryness after planting, and to promote seedling slowing, low temperature seedling refining should be carried out 15 days before planting. Realized by gradually increasing the amount of air release and late closing of the wind mouth. The beginning of the general grasp of about 5 ℃, so that the seedlings do not freeze is appropriate. First, the film on the top side of the cold bed is uncovered, covered with grass thatch at night, gradually remove the film and mulch, so that the temperature of the seedbed is gradually close to the air temperature, 3 days before planting, completely remove the film and mulch. Seedlings grow to 7-8 leaves in advance of watering through the seedling water. Seedling age is generally about 60 days. 3. Planting The timely planting of spring cauliflower is very important. Planting too early is easy to cause the first show ball, affecting the yield; planting too late to delay the maturity period, the quality of the flower ball deterioration. Generally in the average daily temperature stabilized at 6 ℃ or more suitable for planting, in the local after the cold snap began to warm up, choose a sunny morning for open field cultivation. Planting density varies according to different varieties in different areas, generally about 3500 plants per mu is appropriate. Generally can choose autumn cabbage, radish, beans, onion stubble, tilling frozen district, basal fertilizer per acre of rotted chicken manure 1250kg. 50kg of vegetable fertilizer sprinkled before planting. rows of beds, bed width of 0.8-0.9m, ridge height of 0.15m, a row of two rows, spacing of 0.4m, triangular bracts, planting, watering planting after full water. If you use mulch, you should cover the mulch on the bed about 8 days before planting to improve the ground temperature. 4. Management after planting Temperature management: The temperature is low and unstable when planting in early spring, and there will even be the impact of cold spells. In order to promote seedling slowing, after planting to smother the shed for 3-5 days, after seedling slowing began to ventilate, ventilation from small to large, so that the temperature in the shed during the day in 15-20 ℃, the night in 5-10 ℃. After planting 15 days to further increase the amount of air release, do not cover the vent, generally in early April around the removal of the film. After planting, timely ventilation and temperature control and timely withdrawal of the shed is the key to the early cultivation of spring cauliflower protected areas. Fertilizer management: water evaporation in the shed is not large, there is no need to rush to pour slow water. Gong seedlings began to resume growth in a timely manner when plowing to improve the ground temperature, remove the film 1-2 days before the sunny morning plowing and watering, the amount of water should be less, to the extent that the border does not store water: plowing depth of about 3-4cm, near the seedlings around the row of rows around the heart of the ring plant plant leaves began to rotate twisting, per mu of urea 10-15kg and an appropriate amount of potash or grass ash, to promote the formation of flower bulbs. After the present ball in the plant between the hole fertilizer, conditions can be every 5-7 days watering 1 time, until the harvest. 5. Folding leaves to cover the ball, timely harvest In the flower ball diameter of about 5cm (egg size), close to the flower ball of the outer leaves broken, cover the flower ball, in order to avoid direct sunlight, to keep the buds white. The best time to harvest is when the white flower bulb is fully grown and not yet loose. Harvesting is generally more efficient in late April to mid-May. When harvesting, keep 4-5 leaves to avoid damage during storage and transportation