In cold winter, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is 2 to 3 times that of other seasons, and the high incidence of cardiovascular diseases is from 6 am to 10 every morning. When people sleep at night, all the systems of the body are in a semi-dormant state. When they wake up in the morning, their hearts beat faster and their blood pressure rises rapidly. If they get up suddenly at this time, it is easy to induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. So after waking up in the morning, it is best to stay in bed for a few minutes for a short time, so that the human body can have an adaptation process. At the same time, try not to go out for exercise too early to avoid accidents. ?

2. Get rid of all kinds of bad habits

Patients with cardiovascular diseases should develop regular and good living habits. Sedentary, smoking, drinking and staying up late are the taboos of cardiovascular disease. Smoking, in particular, is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.

3. Pay attention to taboos in diet.

A.the diet should be mixed with meat and vegetables.

Try to diversify foods, and the daily diet should include cereals, fruits and vegetables, livestock, fish, eggs and milk, soybeans and nuts. Eat more than 12 kinds every day, and eat more than 25 kinds every week on average to achieve a balanced nutrition. Don't blindly follow the trend, because greasy, high-calorie, high-fat, high-cholesterol and high-sugar foods can easily lead to obesity, especially abdominal fat accumulation, which is a high-risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

B. Low-salt diet and alcohol restriction

High-salt diet is recognized as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease in medical circles, which is closely related to hypertension, arteriosclerosis and heart failure. There are 270 million hypertensive patients in China, a large part of whom are salt-sensitive patients. China Nutrition Society recommends that the daily salt intake of healthy adults should not exceed 6 grams, and that of patients with hypertension should not exceed 5 grams. Pay special attention to the "invisible salt" in hot pot, bacon, sausage, sauerkraut, soy sauce and other foods. The daily alcohol intake of adults should not exceed 25g, and that of women should not exceed 15g. "Eating meat with a big mouth and drinking in a big bowl" is a taboo for cardiovascular diseases.

C. How to drink water

Because of less sweating in winter, many patients drink less water, which leads to increased blood viscosity and easy to cause thrombosis. Water should be properly supplemented every day, with 7 or 8 glasses of water (1, 500ml- 1, 700ml) every day. There are three key drinking times: a glass of water in the morning, a glass of water at two or three in the afternoon, and a glass of water before going to bed at night. Of course, don't drink too much before going to bed, so as not to affect sleep. At the same time, the water consumption of patients with heart failure should also be properly controlled. This is a specific requirement. Drinking boiled water or tea is recommended for hydration, and sugary or carbonated drinks are not suitable for hydration. It is also very important to develop the habit of regular defecation and avoid constipation.

4. Appropriate exercise

With the heavy snow and biting cold wind, everyone's outdoor activities are reduced. Everyone likes warm cats to watch TV, play mobile phones, surf the Internet or play mahjong at home. They sit for hours at a time and sit for a long time at work. However, sitting still for a long time can easily lead to the formation of blood clots and cause blood vessel blockage. We suggest that it is best to exercise properly every day to reduce sedentary time. If you can't exercise every day, do it at least five times a week for half an hour at a time 1 hour. The intensity of exercise should not be too intense, which varies from person to person. Walking is more suitable for cardiovascular patients. Keep warm in outdoor sports. Patients with bad heart suggest exercising after the sun comes out, and avoid exercising in the morning, evening or foggy days.

5. Keep a good attitude

Being positive and optimistic, doing things calmly, striving for success, not being impatient, being tolerant and generous and rarely confused, and having a good attitude are the most economical and practical medicines to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

6. Pay attention to self-health management

Cardiovascular disease is a chronic disease, and self-management of patients is very important. You can buy a qualified upper arm electronic sphygmomanometer, measure blood pressure and heart rate every day and record it. If the condition is stable, you can also test 1~2 times a week, especially in the morning, after breakfast and before antihypertensive drugs. Pay attention to regular follow-up visits to the hospital and provide daily measurement records for doctors' reference. This is an important basis for adjusting drugs, which is clear at a glance.

7. Regular follow-up and rational drug treatment.

There is a certain relationship between blood pressure and seasonal changes. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in winter may be 65438±02 mmHg and 6 mmHg higher than those in summer, respectively. Therefore, blood pressure is easy to fluctuate in winter, and even hypertensive crisis or heart failure occurs. At this time, we should go to the hospital in time and adjust the drugs reasonably.

If you need to adjust drugs, you should take recent blood pressure changes as the basis, or come to the hospital to check the 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, and don't blindly increase the dose because of the increase in blood pressure measurement results. Secondly, we should pay attention to the change of living habits before adjusting the medication, otherwise even if we adjust the medication, the effect may be poor. Thirdly, the medication should be adjusted on the basis of daily medication, and it should not change too much. Finally, for patients with hypertension, medication adjustment involves many professional problems, and it is necessary to consult a cardiovascular specialist and analyze according to the condition. Other cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease and arrhythmia, should also be taken on time and in quantity.

To sum up, a healthy lifestyle and reasonable drug treatment are powerful magic weapons for us to defeat the enemy. I hope everyone will have a safe winter!