Breaking the Intestine Grass
Comrades who have read "Divine Eagle Warrior Couple" will surely remember how to detoxify Yang Wu after he was poisoned by the Love Flower, and that is to use the Broken Intestine Grass to fight the poison with the poison. Broken heart grass originally is the gourd vine plant gourd vine, not like the book that is a small grass, but the annual vine. Its main toxic substance is houmantenine. According to the original book, the intestines will turn black and stick together after eating it, and people will die of abdominal pain. The general method of detoxification is to wash the stomach, take carbon ash, then alkaline water and emetic, after washing the stomach with mung beans, honeysuckle and licorice can be detoxified after taking a sharp decoction.
Breaking the intestines - there is also a said to be Lei Teng (《Chinese Medicine Dictionary》)Mung bean, honeysuckle and licorice is actually the universal antidote, the same with lychee ti, raw bean paste and so on. Lei Gong Teng is born in shady and moist places at the edge of mountainous forests. It is distributed throughout the south of the Yangtze River basin and in the southwest. The roots are collected in the fall, the leaves in the summer, and the flowers and fruits in the summer and fall.
Functions and Indications Lei Gong Teng has the effect of insecticide, anti-inflammatory, detoxification, is widely used in the vegetable gardens of China's Jiangsu and Zhejiang, has the function of expectorating wind, detoxification, insecticide. It is also used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis and leprosy. Its roots, leaves and flowers can be pounded and applied externally, but after applying with the roots, it must be removed after half an hour, otherwise it will blister.
Toxicity symptoms incubation period is generally about 2 hours, such as decoction or drink alcohol at the same time the symptoms appear earlier and more serious. The general time of death is about 24 hours, up to 4 days. Poisoning begins with dizziness and headache, palpitations and weakness, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, muscle pain, howling and struggling, numbness or convulsions of the limbs, pain in the liver and kidney area. Bloody stools, oliguria, swelling, occasionally hematuria, urinary retention, decreased blood pressure, cyanosis of lips and nails, dehydration, electrolyte disorders and shock, acute renal failure and uremia in severe cases. Occasionally due to myocardial damage complicating cardiac arrhythmia, cardiogenic ischemic syndrome, nosebleeds, vomiting of blood and water, generalized and cold pills pain, hair loss in the late stage, skin contact can cause inflammation.
Rescue
1, after the poison can spend 5 days, the prognosis is good. Contact with the poisoned person should be immediately removed from the scene.
2, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, pain in the liver and kidney area, protein in the urine and elevated serum transaminases should be discontinued immediately when nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, pain in the liver and kidney area, protein in the urine and elevated serum transaminases occur in the treatment.
3, as soon as possible to induce vomiting, gastric lavage, catheterization, enema.
4., Intravenous input of 10% glucose water or 5% glucose saline.
Also; symptomatic treatment: such as pulmonary edema, cardiogenic cerebral ischemia syndrome, acute renal failure, hyperkalemia and severe uremia should be rescued according to conventional methods. Acute renal failure, hyperkalemia and severe uremia, the immediate application of dialysis therapy is often effective. Abdominal pain with atropine, neurological symptoms with Valium, etc..
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Another kind of intestinal breaking grass - hook kiss, also known as houmantian vine, also known as wild kudzu, poisonous root, houmantian grass, in addition to fishy, yellow vine, intestinal breaking grass, kissing kudzu (these two in the "Dream Stream Brush Tales") sunrise grass, large tea medicine, big tea vine, tiger and wolf grass, pike kudzu grass, big gun leaf, yellow flowers bitter late vine, yellow fierce vegetable, hair cold vine, vine, large tea leaves (Guangxi name). Guangxi name) big chicken bitter vine and so on. Is the strychnine family plant (Jing barbarians brother, I see the information so) annual vine. Sun-loving, ovate oblong leaves opposite, small yellow flowers, 5 calyx funnel-shaped, ovate capsule, flowering August-November, fruit December-February. It is distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Gui. The whole plant contains the alkaloids of Leptospermum (the most), C (the most dramatic), D, A, C, E, B, etc. The alkaloids of Leptospermum are also found in the plant.
Hookerin c animal experiments lethal dose of 0.8mg/kg (enough ruthless) symptoms of respiratory paralysis, hookerin b symptoms with the same, but interestingly, at this time, the animal's heart is still beating, and ephedrine and other substances have no obvious antidote, which proves that hookerin is not the role of the central nervous system or peripheral nerves, according to the intoxication of the muscles after the performance of weakness, it is generally believed to be the role of its role in spinal cord According to the muscle weakness after poisoning, it is generally believed that it acts on the motor neurons of the spinal cord. Hookerin A toxicity is weaker, can be used as an analgesic and aspirin with better results, but they have no paralytic ganglion effect, which is different from the arrow poison family. It also has an inhibitory effect on adrenaline and smooth muscle, meaning it can depress the heart and bring down blood pressure.
Leptosporins (mainly Leptosporin A) can treat neuralgia especially trigeminal neuralgia (good! Anyone with a little medical knowledge knows how nasty trigeminal neuralgia can be!) It also treats acute poliomyelitis (even better!) But the worst part is that the therapeutic and toxic doses of this stuff are so close to each other that you're always on edge and have to take action if you breathe abnormally. (It really can cure some nasty diseases, it seems that Jin warrior bullshit still have so little basis) external use can be treated rheumatic arthralgia, carbuncle, gold wounds and so on.
Toxicity symptoms are: neuromuscular paralysis, diplopia, burning pain in the digestive tract, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal rise or constipation, heartbeat first fast and then slow, dyspnea, weakness and so on. As mentioned earlier, hookerin acts on the spinal motor neurons, which makes it tricky to deal with it, no specific drug, the general first aid method is gastric lavage, vomiting, diarrhea, etc., traditional Chinese medicine can be used in the three yellow soup (huang cen, huang lian, huang bai, licorice) instillation, or honeysuckle juice and sugar instillation, etc., and there is also a prescription: fresh goat's blood multiplied by the heat of the instillation also has an effect.
Hemlock
Hemlock is a legendary raptor, larger than the eagle, with a loud and mournful song. Its feathers are highly poisonous, and when its feathers are dipped in wine, the wine becomes hemlock wine, which is so toxic that it is almost irremediable. But considering the actual situation, it is estimated that this is only a legend, and over time hemlock has become a generic term for poisonous wine. A statement: hemlock is not a legendary raptor, the actual existence of snake-eating eagles, small raptors than the chicken is not much bigger than how much, in the southern mountainous areas are widely distributed, such as the Wudangshan region. Because of its snake-eating is mistakenly believed to have a highly toxic body, Taoist practice "Yubu" has been proved to be its snake when the action of the imitation. There is also a theory that the hemlock is a rare and unknown bird that has been hunted and killed.
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Hemlock
Hemlock is also often found in novels, but check all the books, there is no such entry, the cranes have crane meat, crane bones and crane brain can be used as medicine, but they are non-toxic, and they are all nourishing and beneficial medicine. Crane brain, for example, can enhance the eyesight, so that people can see things at night. Crane red exactly what, checked some less formal articles, said crane red is actually red letter stone. Red albite is a natural mineral of arsenic trioxide, which is processed into the famous arsenic. May be because the red letter stone is red on the use of the name crane red, legend has it that in ancient times for the official will hide it in the crown, if necessary, used to commit suicide, the party is credible. Arsenic into the human body, will be combined with the sulfur group of proteins, so that the protein denaturation inactivity, can block the pathway of oxidative energy supply in the cell, so that the rapid lack of ATP energy supply to death, and hydrocyanic acid, similar to the mechanism of action.
Fanmu Bei
Fanmu Bei is strychnine, is the strychnine plant strychnine and Yunnan strychnine seeds. The seeds are oblate or oblate-elliptic, 1.5-3cm in diameter and 0.3-0.6cm thick, often with one side elevated and the other side slightly concave, with a velvety surface. The edge is slightly elevated, thicker, with a raised dot-shaped umbilicus in the center of the bottom surface, and the texture is hard. The toxic components are mainly Strychnine (C21H22O2N2) and Brucine (C23H26O4N2). It is mainly used for rheumatic paralysis, numbness and paralysis, bruises and injuries, carbuncle and gangrene; sequelae of poliomyelitis, rheumatoid arthralgia, and is said to be used for myasthenia gravis. Poisoning symptoms are initially headache, dizziness, irritability, respiratory enhancement, muscle cramps, dysphagia, respiratory aggravation, pupil narrowing, chest distension, dyspnea, generalized tightness, and then the extensor and flexor muscles at the same time for extreme contraction, over-sensitivity to hearing, vision, taste, sensation, and so on, followed by typical Tuytanin convulsions, and finally respiratory muscle rectification suffocation and death. The antidote is the use of central depressants to stop the convulsions, such as sodium amiane, sodium pentobarbital or valium sedation. Then the stomach is washed, and then later decocted with licorice, mung beans, fengfeng, mingtou, qingdai (flushed), and ginger, each in water, and taken for four consecutive doses.
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Natural Arsenic
Chemical composition As2 O3, isometric crystal system six octahedral crystals. Single crystal crystalline form for octahedral, also rhombic dodecahedral. Aggregate stellate, crusty, hairy, earthy, stalactitic. White sometimes with sky blue, yellow, red tones, also colorless, streaks of white or yellowish. Glass to adamantine luster, also greasy, silky luster. Mohs hardness 1.5, specific gravity 3.73-3.90, complete solubility, shell-like fracture, brittle, soluble in water, highly toxic.
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For the natural production of arsenic-containing minerals arsenic Hua, poisonous sand or staghorn and other ores of the finished product. Also known as the letter stone. Mainly produced in jiangxi, hunan, guangdong, blame state and other places. Commodities have red letter stone and white letter stone points, medicinal red letter stone-based. Where arsenic, must be loaded into the sand jar, with mud to seal the mouth tightly, placed in the stove fire calcined red, removed and cooled, or to green beans with boiled to reduce its toxicity. The research of fine powder with.
Arsenic The sublimation of refined products for the white powder, that is, arsenic, more toxic.
Harvesting and storage of herbs: a few for the selection of natural arsenic Hua ore, most of the processed. Processing methods are many, citing the old and new method of each one of the following: ① old method of the poisonous sand smashed into small pieces, remove debris, and coal, charcoal or wood refining, and then sublimation, that is, for the letter stone, this method is simple equipment, but harmful to health. ② new method selected pure andrographis, smashed into 10 cm up and down the block, ignited, so that the andrographis combustion, the generation of gaseous arsenic trioxide and sulfur dioxide, and then through the condensation pipe, so that the arsenic trioxide to get fully condensed, that is, for the letter stone. Sulfur dioxide another from the flue discharge.
Concocting method: remove impurities, smash, loaded into a sand jar, seal the mouth with mud, calcined red in the fire, remove and cool, and research for fine powder. (1) "Lei Gong Cannon Fry": "Where to make arsenic, with a small porcelain vase, into the purple back of the sunflower, Shi You Rui two flavors, three pieces will be under the fire calcination, from self to Shen. Then use licorice soaked in water, from Shen to Zi, out, wipe dry, but into the bottle, calcined in the fire, don't study 30,000 under the use." ② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Arsenic, vinegar boiled to kill poison is used."
Examination: from the "Kai Bao Materia Medica" ① "Compendium": "Arsenic, sex fierce as Pi, so the name. But out of Xinzhou, so people call for the letter stone, and hidden letter word for people." "Medical doctors say that raw arsenic light see fire is very poisonous, and Lei's method of treatment with fire calcined, used today is mostly flying refinery, cover all want to seek quick results, do not hesitate to use its poison, whereas if you use the raw for the cure." ② "new internal medicine": "Xin Shi has a great poison, served to make the stomach hot and dramatic, suddenly born big inflammation, and even ulceration and death, to the pain and suffering. Although the letter stone is very poisonous, less use of a little into the medicine, it is very powerful. Make letter stone jellyfish, with the top letter stone one money two minutes, plus salt two money, rain water a catty, micro-fire boil to twelve two, alkali and letter stone fusion, two are gone, is the letter stone jellyfish. Every letter stone jellyfish one or two, plus water twelve two, each serving one or two, serving two, three times a day, counting every one or two, rainwater only letter stone twelve centimeters one ear. This water to cure hair cold fever malaria, great effect, and can cure all kinds of skin disease ringworm."
Identification of raw herbs: there are two kinds of red letter stone, white letter stone, medicinal use to red letter stone. (1) red letter stone is also known as: red alum, red arsenic. Irregular lumps, varying in size. White, yellow and red color halo, slightly transparent or opaque, glossy glassy, silky or lusterless. Brittle, easily broken. Gas is absent. The product is extremely poisonous, not palatable to taste. To block, red color, crystal straight lines, no dregs of the best. ② white letter stone is also known as: white arsenic. Irregular lumps, different sizes, colorless or white, transparent or opaque, glossy glassy, silky or lusterless. The texture is brittle, easy to smash, gas-free. This product is extremely toxic, not palatable taste. To block, white color, crystal straight lines, no dregs of the best. The above herbs, produced in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guizhou and other places. Microscopic identification: this product in the polarized light microscope: colorless transparent. High positive protuberance. Refractive index N=1.75, with staggered texture. Under orthogonal polarizing microscope, it shows homogeneity.
Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: arsenic is mainly composed of arsenic trioxide or arsenic anhydride (Arse-nous oxide, Arsenous acid anhydride, As2 O3), white, octahedral crystals, arsenic trioxide can be sublimated by high heat, so it is relatively easy to refine; sublimation of common name arsenic, the composition is still As2 O3. Red arsenic is a kind of arsenic containing red minerals in addition to AS2 O3. Mainly contains tetraarsenic oxide, As4O6, such as trivalent iron and sulfide is red; natural products analyzed still contain a small amount of tin, iron, antimony, calcium, magnesium, titanium, aluminum, silicon and other elements; processed impurities depend on the raw materials and processing.
Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine: take a small amount of this product in a closed tube slowly heated, there is a white sublimation (As4O6) (137 ℃ sublimation of pure products) generated. (1)Take a little of the above sublimation with 2ml of water, add 4 drops of sodium hydroxide test solution, boil to dissolve, add 2 drops of silver nitrate test solution after cooling, resulting in a yellow precipitate. (2) Take a little of the above sublimated material, add a little water and boil to dissolve, then arsenious acid is generated, add hydrogen sulfide test solution and concentrated hydrochloric acid to generate a flocculated yellow precipitate. It can also be identified by X-ray diffraction, differential thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy. Lethal dose 0. 1-0. 2 grams
Paralytic type: when a very large amount of arsenic into the body, the central nervous system paralysis symptoms, the occurrence of painful spasms of the limbs, meaning blurred, tantalizing, coma, death within a few hours, this type is rare. Acute type: obvious symptoms of gastroenteritis, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, watery stools, sometimes with blood, severe cases of cholera-like, death within one or two days. This type is common. Diamond has hydrophobic and lipophilic properties, when people eat diamond powder, diamond powder will stick in the stomach wall, in the long-term friction, will make people get stomach ulcers, untimely treatment will die of gastric hemorrhage, it is a kind of difficult to let a person beware of the chronic poison. During the Renaissance, chronic poisons made from diamond powder were popular among Italian gentry.
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Oleander
According to forensic science, a lethal dose of 20-30 leaves is toxic to the whole body. (General contact is no problem)
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Maurelaceae, perennial herb. Plant height 60-120cm, leaves alternate, leathery, ovate-orbicular, trilobed, two then lobes and then 2-lobed, central lobe and then 3-lobed, the edge of the notch. 5 calyx panicle, petals 2, fruit is oblong, flowering in June-July, fruit July-August. Liao, Henan, Lu, Gan, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Gan, Hui, Xiang, E, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, are distributed.
Aconite
The name aconite generally refers to Sichuan aconite, as well as grass aconite, which generally refers to the wild species of aconite and a variety of other plants of the same genus, such as the northern aconite (blue oolahua) and the taibai aconite (jinniuqi), which is the name of the Chinese medicine.
Aconite contains a variety of alkaloids, hypaconitine, neoconitine, aconitine, chuanwuqianine A, chuanwuqianine B (kamicharin), taramine, and others.
The toxicity of aconitine is manifested as:
1, can suddenly accelerate the heart rate, triggering heart rate disorders, autopsy proved that those who died of aconitine poisoning heart contraction like a mulberry.
2, can dilate blood vessels, quickly make the blood pressure drop.
3, affect the adrenal gland activity, especially can significantly reduce the content of ascorbic acid.
4, inhibit the central nervous, respiratory center.
Toxicity manifestations: vomiting, diarrhea, coma, numbness of the limbs, dyspnea, pulse blood pressure temperature drop, heart rate disorders (this seems to be all nonsense)
First aid is generally used in large doses of atropine (tropine can alleviate cardiac toxicity, and similarly there is procain, antihistamine, quinine butyl), lidocaine, dry ginger and licorice, honeysuckle, mung beans, rhinoceros horn and other Chinese herbs. Astragalus, farnesol and milk are also effective.
Ancient standard military poison, coating weapons, configuration of gunpowder, Guan Gong scraping the bones to cure the poison is to cure the poison of aconite.
Short-stalked aconite (snow on a branch of artemisia)
Aconite is aconite (specifically refers to the Sichuan aconite cultivars) of the collateral roots, also known as the root, Chinese medicine to pay attention to between the summer solstice and the summer heat to excavate, seems to be because of what "the nature of its pungent and sweet, hot" the reason for this time of unprocessed products known as the " mud". The unprocessed product at this time is called "mud epiphyllum". After that, it is called "salt epiphyllum" if it is soaked in a mixture of salt brine and salt and then dried in the sun, "black epiphyllum" if it is boiled in brine and then soaked in diluted brine, "black epiphyllum" (black epiphyllum) if it is colored with sugar and vegetable oil and then steamed and dried, "white epiphyllum" (black epiphyllum) if it is not colored with sugar and vegetable oil and then directly steamed and dried with sulphur, and "white epiphyllum" if it is bleached. Bleached with sulfur is called "white slices" (Ming slices, male slices). Because of its "nature of pungent sweet, hot" Chinese medicine is used for a variety of "cold diseases, wind disease" such as typhoid, stroke, rheumatism, etc., and now also made into injections for the treatment of heart failure.
The toxicity of the seeds is the same as that of the aconite, but weaker, but it is a common medicine, so the poisoning is more common, but there are few deaths.
In addition, the ginseng and sorghum soup is the last resort in traditional Chinese medicine, which is used to adjust the life. But that thing can't be used in a hurry, it needs to be decocted for a long time, so the Chinese medicine hospital can only decoct that pot all day long.
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Seeing blood to seal the throat
Also known as "poison arrow wood", "scissor tree", the national protection of endangered plants, is one of the world's most poisonous plant species.
The sap is milky white and highly toxic. Once the sap enters the bloodstream through a wound, it is life-threatening. Ancient people often put it on arrows to shoot wild animals or enemies. Seconds to kill.
Native to Southeast Asia. China's Hainan, Xishuangbanna Botanical Garden can be seen.
Photographed in Hainan Tropical Botanical Garden, Danzhou. It is estimated that, in theory, this tree is enough to put down the whole Hainan people
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Quinine
Quinine, this is something I do not need to say more, the people of the earth know. In addition to its ability to effectively kill malaria protozoa, there is another important use - abortion, (always very skeptical of the extravagant European colonial aristocrats want so much quinine actually do what for the purpose, especially the Jesuits of the gang of the moralistic guys)
Quinine can destroy smooth muscle myogenin, so that the smooth muscle undergoes rhythmic changes.
Quinine destroys smooth muscle myogenin, causing the smooth muscle to contract rhythmically, (sort of like the malaria pendulum, interestingly enough.) Think about what happens to the smooth muscle of the uterus in pregnancy when it contracts rhythmically. But at the same time, too much quinine can depress the heart muscle and cause vasodilation, it can also disrupt sweat gland secretion which can lead to dehydration, and irritate the digestive tract which can lead to internal bleeding. Eventually, it leads to failure of the heart, lungs and so on.
The lethal dose of quinine is 8g, because it is easily absorbed, generally within 30min there will be tinnitus, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blue lips, body temperature drop, 1-2h can die of respiratory paralysis. Quinine will also cause degeneration of retinal cells, which can lead to optic nerve atrophy in severe cases, which means that the sequelae of quinine poisoning is likely to be blindness.
Quinine poisoning there is no specific drug (as far as I know) first aid is still mostly gastric lavage, enema, because it is easy to absorb, and at the same time is not a highly effective poison, (think of something so bitter no one will take it as a poison) when the symptoms are already too late. Similarly acute alcohol poisoning is almost hopeless, whereas there are special drugs for arsenic and snake venom, which are much more powerful than they are, it's funny, it's a dialectic, isn't it?
Finally, the two most commonly used herbal antidotes.
Glycyrrhiza glabra, Chinese medicine known as the king of medicine, can solve all kinds of drug poisoning, but unfortunately, now in order to dig it, destroyed a large area of grassland, hairy vegetables, licorice, the treasure of Ningxia, but in order to dig them, but destroyed the environment of Ningxia.
Honeysuckle, most places in the country, is a very good drink.