●Pendulum Dance
The Tujia pendulum dance, called "Sheba" and "Sheba Gezhi" in Tujia language, which means "honoring the god and jumping" and "jumping pendulum" in Chinese, is a kind of ritual dance of the Tujia ethnic group that has been passed down in the Youshui basin of the E Xiangyu border area. It is a kind of ritual dance of the Tujia people in the Youshui basin in the border area of E Xiang Yu. In Laifeng County, especially in Hedong Shemihu Village, the "Small Pendulum Hand" has a more complete inheritance and original characteristics. The Qing Tongzhi "Laifeng County Records" reproduces the legend of "Pendulum Dance and Pushe Tree" in the Five Dynasties, which vividly recounts the scene of the Tujia people dancing the Pendulum Dance around the Pushe Tree more than 1,000 years ago, and it is the earliest record of the Laifeng Tujia's Pendulum Dance in the history books. The inscription on the remnants of the Pendulum Hall in the neighboring Temple Fort of Shemi Paste, which reads "Born as an Englishman, Died as a Spirit", is the best footnote to the Pendulum Dance to honor our ancestors.
Swinging hand dance movement rough, fit, swinging smooth, free and generous. Its movements are mainly "single pendulum", "double pendulum" and "pirouette pendulum". Its movements are characterized by "smooth turning, knee bending, trembling and sinking". Throwing the same side of the hand, walking the same side of the foot is the main feature that distinguishes it from other dances. The dance is characterized by "hunting, agriculture, military and life", accompanied by gongs and drums, and sung by swinging hands, which is an art of singing, music and dance in one.
●Nanju Opera
Nanju Opera, also known as Nanju Opera, is an influential ancient opera with national and local characteristics popular in the Tujia region of West Hubei. It is one of the four major local dramas in Hubei Province and the first of the five local dramas in Enshi Prefecture. It is popular in both urban and rural areas and has a deep mass base. The name "South Opera" is generally regarded as the south of "Shi Nan". South Opera, also called "Shi Nan Tune", is a major local opera formed and popularized in the Tujia area of West Hubei, which is the only local opera that can be performed in Temple Terrace. Because this kind of theater is often performed in the temple platform, and long in the performance of the play, commonly known as "high stage play" or "people play".
●Di Long Lantern
Di Long Lantern is popular in the area of Gaodong Dayanban, Old Division Township, and has a history of hundreds of years. During the performance, the dragon is not lifted by a wooden stick, and each section of the nine-section dragon body is held by a person who grasps a round gimlet inside the dragon body with one hand or holds the dragon by the back of the head, and grasps the belt of the former with the other hand, and the performer's upper body is hidden inside the dragon body, and the feet are covered by the colorful dragon clothes. When dancing, it all depends on feeling and skillful technique. In front of the dragon's head, one person holds a precious pearl, and another colorful phoenix flies around the dragon. Its performance "routines" mainly include "around the circle", "dragon rise", "dragon disk cake", "Dragon looking back", "grabbing the treasure to play the phoenix", "flying dragon bridge", "dragon pan tree", "Dragon Lying on the Beach", "Dragon Walking in Taijitu", "Phoenix Riding the Dragon", "Dragon Coiling the Phoenix" and more than ten kinds.
●Laifeng Three-stick Drum
The Three-stick Drum, also known as the Flower Drum, is an art of rapping and performing that has a long history in the county and is loved by people of all ethnic groups. Flower drums can be sung by one or two people, and the more formal performances are by four people. Throwing the stick for the main actor, in front of the drum set on a small drum, while throwing the side playing and singing. The other three people, a person to play the horse gong, a person to throw the knife (knife for three to five), a person to play the "even twisted stick". There is no specific time for the performance of flower drums, which can be played on New Year's Day, during weddings and funerals, the inauguration of new houses, birthday celebrations, blessings, field breaks, and summer night breaks.
● Xilan Kapu brocade
Xilan Kapu has the highest artistic value for the soil flower cover, Tujia language name "Xilan Kapu". Xilankapu system in the wooden loom knotting, knotting, warp and weft threads first coloring, picking patterns while weaving. After weaving, no dyeing is needed, and the flowers and birds are vivid and the color will not fade away for a long time. According to Tujia custom, girls from the age of ten should learn to weave "Silankapu", for the preparation of the future trousseau.
● Cow King Festival
Legend has it that the Cow King stole the seed of the immortal grain from the south shore of Dongting Lake, and personally worked hard to help people cultivate the land, so that people can live a happy life, until he died of exhaustion, and the day of his death is the eighth day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar. Hereditary tradition, every this day, the Tujia people build altars to fight teach chanting scriptures. Singing and dancing eulogies, but also drove a fat and strong yellow ox, feed it concentrate, no matter how busy the activities, the farmyard plowing oxen have to rest, grinding soybean milk, feeding eggs, to show the Tujia people on the Ox King's love and sacrifice.
● Crying Song
The Tujia girl, one or two days before her marriage, should be accompanied by her good sisters who are usually good friends, and cry about her attachment to her parents, siblings, relatives and friends, which is called crying marriage. Crying marriage is generally the bride sitting in the room, by the steward to receive guests, clean up to who, the bride will cry who. For example: crying grandfather, grandmother, uncle, aunt, aunt, aunt, aunt, aunt, aunt, in-laws, uncle, brother and sister-in-law, etc.; there are also crying matchmakers and Mr. ritual official. Crying to who, who will go to the room to the bride to advise a few words. Such as: "Fortune ah", "Fajia ah", "enjoy the blessings to go" and so on, and so on, and so on, after the words of advice, generally want to give the bride to send a little money, called the "Crying money", some guests will cry with the bride to cry for a while.
●Tusi system
Five Dynasties period, is tied up penitentiary state, tied up hemp state county of the earth official who get the court's approval, can be hereditary, and since then gradually evolved into the system of the Secretary of the soil. To the Ming Dynasty, the Tusi system further developed, gradually perfected, in the territory of Laifeng has established seven Tusi, the implementation of up to several hundred years, the formation of the Tujia played an important role.
Sanmao Xuanfu Division: Qin's Tuji Shi based on its land. Its territory is equivalent to today's Xiangfeng Town, Jielongqiao, Sanhu and Green Wing District of Maoba, on the Zhai, Longzui area. Division rule in today's monkey Fort Laosi city. Song Renzong set scattered Mao Division, to Qin Nomao for scattered Mao Xuandao Division. At the beginning of the Yuan for the soft far state, looking for the abolition of the loose wool mine. To the Yuan thirty-one May, the loose wool mine Lord Qin Shun to the court tribute to the party, the rise of its mine for the loose wool House, belonging to the Sichuan province, and set Dawang Xuanfu Division. To the Yuan (after) years, set Shenbi mine Xuanfu Division, seeking political Xuanfu Division, led by ShiBi ZhenFu, ShiLuo QianHuShou. To Zheng six years, "loose hair mine all in the rebellion, beckon to surrender", set up loose hair oath cliff military and civilian Xuandao Division. To Zheng eleven years, the establishment of the chief four, inspector division seven. Ming Yu Zhen according to Shu, changed to scattered hair along the border military and civilian consul division are marshal. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the abolition of the division wall mine. Hongwu seven years in May, changed the scattered hair along the border consul division, cut its half for the Daitian thousand households, the number of households a mile, leading the Longtan, Dawang two appeasement, belonging to the Chongqing Wei. Hongwu twenty-third year, abolished for scattered Mao Xuandao Division, belonging to the Hubei and Hunan Province, Shi Zhou Wei. Leading Dawang appeasement division, Dongliu, Lapi barbarians governor's division, U hole Division, Danshui Division, Baifu Division. Yongle two years in May, set up loose wool governor, belongs to the Dada military and civilian thousand households. Four years in March to Xuanfu Division, leading Longtan, Dawang two Division, Dongliu, Lapi two barbarians Division. Qing Shunzhi early, is still scattered hair Xuandu Si, leading the dog Wang and other divisions as before. Kangxi, "Xuandu QinXunLin from discussing WuBei have merit, FengZhenYuanGeneral, Shaxi six mine belongs to, all attached to JingZhouFu, looking to change the guard, lead the division".
Dawang Division: Tian's Tuji Shi according to its land. Its territory is equivalent to today's Shetan loam river west of the big river district jurisdiction and the old division south of the old gorges river area under the jurisdiction of the territory. Division rule has been set up in today's old Division and Huangtu Township. Song Xining six years, chapter scrupulous by the system of creek mine, began to land for the big Weng Yingdong, belonging to the division of the wall of the mine to appease the Department. Yuan Yuan thirty-one years, set Xuanfu Division. Ming Yu Zhen according to Shu, also set up Dawang Xuandu Division, to field donkey hooves Shi with too Wang Xuandu Envoy. The beginning of the Ming dynasty, belonging to the Sichuan province. "Hongwu four years, the Secretary for the field donkey hooves return to the Ming looking for rebellion. Six years, still set the Secretary, and then rebel". "twenty-three years, Liang Guo Gong Lan Yu set its land, set up a thousand households to town. Yongle two years, made to lead Dongliu, Lapi two governor division, and Longtan Division is subordinate to the Yumao. Five years, the province into the Dada, changed the Division of pacification, three miles of households, looking for political barbarians officials. In the early years of the Shunzhi Qing Dynasty, still for the Department of insertion.
Dongliu barbarians Secretary: its geographical equivalent of today's Gao Dong District, the old Division of Dongliu Dam, Geleche District of Gele, Taiping, Wenping, Drum frame driving Jielongqiao District of Shangjia hole, Horsehair Ridge area. Division rule in today's Dongliu Division Dayan Village.
La Bi barbarians governor: its territory is equivalent to the old Division of the old Division of the jurisdiction of the present day, north of the Gorge River, east of the Shetan Creek River in the jurisdiction of the Daha District and the Gelechi District of the Gaoshan Township area. Division rule in today's Shuitian township Lapisi village. The above two divisions are all hereditary Tian's Tusi, for the Dawang Division sub-clan, the end of the Yuan set. Dongliu Division since Tian Ming, Lapi Division since Tian Taiwang. Yongle two years, make Dawang Xuanfu Division led Dongliu, Lapi two governor division. Xuande two years, set up Dongliu, Lapi two barbarians Division, are subordinate to the scattered hair. Early Qing still.
Ma Dong, Man Shui, Bafu Division: to the Toji Shi according to its land. U-hole Division has been set up in today's Bafu Division Tianjing Dam, cut off the pirate river, the cemetery mountain dam. The original territory is equivalent to today's Hedong, Fengdong, Gao Dong, Fenfusi, Guanyinping, Jingzhu, Wutai and other 7 townships, when the land reorganization is only equivalent to today's Baifuji township of the moon, Gao Dong two townships and Fengdong townships in the new talent ditch area. Danshui Division in Xuanfu Fort, its territory is equivalent to today's Xinglong, Yutang, Danshui, three dams, car wash and green water district of the Wutai area. Hundred Division has been set up in the river and today's Hundred Division, its territory is equivalent to today's Hundred Division of the town of Guanyinping, agent bamboo, maple hole, Hedong area. The history of the three divisions is lost, the official history are not contained. But the Kangxi "U hole Division Zhi" said it since the Tang and Song Dynasty to Yuan, the world authorized Xuanfu Envoy, guarding the town of border barbarians. Ming Yongle seven years, to La Noi rewarded for his work, in addition to the amnesty set up a stream of official experience, and attached to a hundred households, sub-built Xinzhai, Jiangkou two mine even the Secretary for officials, the establishment of five camps of seven cottages and the Prime Minister, the Commander of the two members. Ming Zhengtong years, to that I serve, add set up before, after, left, right, in five camps, with the same surname divided into twelve houses. According to the Tongzhi County Records, U-hole Division to the beginning of the Guish, Danshui Division to the beginning of the Zonglie, Hundred Division to the beginning of the wheat.