Planting time of hawthorn
Hawthorn is a unique tree species with both medicine and fruit in China. Its fruit can not only be eaten raw, but also be made into preserved fruit or fruit cake. After drying, it can also be used as Chinese herbal medicine. It can be said that its economic value is very common, so hawthorn is also one of the preferred planting industrial chains for growers in many regions.
Generally speaking, hawthorn can be planted all year round. If the local temperature is moderate all year round and there is no big difference, it can be planted in all seasons, but the most suitable planting time of hawthorn is April and 10.
Hawthorn usually ripens in September 9- 10/0.
The harvest time of hawthorn is mainly determined by the maturity of the fruit, and it also needs to be based on the local climatic conditions. In cold regions, the growth period is short and limited by first frost, so the harvest should be early. In warm land, the growing period is long, and the fruit can be picked according to its maturity.
Generally, the ripe fruit of hawthorn is colored, plump, remarkable in fruit point, and easy to select as mature and fully mature fruit with strong taste, and the immature fruit is sour. Over-ripe fruit, loose pulp and cotton, fruit falling before harvest, reduced storage capacity, long-term storage of fruit, should choose strict picking time.
In terms of specific time, September 9- 10/0 is the centralized time for hawthorn to mature, and hawthorn has already been sold one after another at this stage.
What are the basic conditions for planting hawthorn?
1, environment
Hawthorn has strong adaptability to the natural environment and likes cool and humid places. Cold tolerance and drought tolerance are relatively strong. As low as MINUS 20 degrees Celsius and as high as 30 degrees Celsius, it can survive, and its key points are all over the slopes with slopes of up and down 20 degrees, such as half slopes and sunny slopes. When it is drought-resistant and the environmental humidity is too high, its branches will increase. Although there are not too many requirements for the soil layer, it will grow and develop faster in the acidic soil layer with rich soil layer and good drainage pipes.
2. Lighting
Hawthorn is a sunny crop, but it has been said that it has strong adaptability and can grow and develop under the condition of poor sunlight, but the speed is relatively slow. In the whole process from planting to maturity, it is only necessary to meet the sunshine irradiation standard of hawthorn, and hawthorn will improve its own production and quality. Fruity and succulent plants will have bright skin color and accumulate more nutrients. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and quality in the whole process of planting hawthorn, it is necessary to give hawthorn trees sufficient sunlight.
3. Humidity
Although hawthorn is drought-tolerant and waterlogged-tolerant, the safety number of soil moisture is 9.34~ 1 1.66%, the withering number is 7.28~9. 13%, and the death number is 5.8~8.6%. Therefore, as long as the soil moisture is kept above 14%, hawthorn can grow well, and as long as it can be irrigated evenly, it can also complete a bumper harvest. Although it is relatively waterlogged-tolerant, it is not suitable for planting in soil layers with high water level or poor drainage pipes, otherwise it is likely to cause stunting.
4. Temperature
Hawthorn likes heat, but it can't grow and develop normally in high temperature areas, and some of its quality is extremely resistant to low temperature, and it can grow and develop normally at 7- 14 degrees. Experiments have confirmed that hawthorn can grow and develop normally at the minimum temperature of MINUS 34 degrees. However, hawthorn in this low-temperature climate is likely to cause chilling injury. The temperature mainly depends on your planting area, and the best temperature is around12-30 degrees, which can ensure the production and quality of hawthorn.
The function and efficacy of hawthorn
stomach-invigorate
In daily life, as long as people have no appetite, they will eat some hawthorn to strengthen the spleen and stimulate appetite. Because hawthorn can promote the metabolism of gastric acid and help digestion, people will feel hungry after eating hawthorn, thus achieving the functions of strengthening the spleen and nourishing the stomach.
Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis
If you accidentally fall and twist the human body and there is blood on it, you can also eat some hawthorn properly to reduce it, which can eliminate some blood accumulation and have certain auxiliary treatment effect for the injury caused by falling and twisting.
Strengthen the heart and strengthen the body
Eating hawthorn often also has the function of preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and strengthening the heart and fitness. For the old people of the age, eating some hawthorn moderately is of great benefit to the human body.
Reduce blood pressure
It has long been proved in scientific research that hawthorn has the function of lowering blood pressure, which is a very good food for patients with hypertension. However, if their blood pressure value is very low, it is best not to take hawthorn to prevent serious harm to physical and mental health.
Beauty and beauty
This point is not mastered by many friends in the function and efficacy of hawthorn. Because the hawthorn water extract can eliminate O/2 oxygen free radicals, it can have the effect of anti-oxidation, thus reducing the aging rate of everyone, making the skin more and more compact and smooth, and has the function of beauty care.
Auxiliary anticancer
The extract of hawthorn can reasonably inhibit the efficacy of Aspergillus flavus in treating cancer. For the key targets of digestive system cancer, taking hawthorn often can help prevent cancer.
menoxenia
In view of women's menstrual disorder, hawthorn can also have a buffering effect on a certain level, which can relieve dysmenorrhea and is a valuable tonic for women.
Enhance immunity
Hawthorn contains rich and colorful flavonoids, polysaccharides, vitamin C, carotene and other anti-cancer chemicals, which can fill the kinetic energy consumed by the body and improve the immunity of the human body.
Planting techniques of hawthorn
1, seed selection
When selecting, it is suggested to select seeds with round particles, large individuals and good disease resistance. First, rinse the seeds neatly, soak them in water at 60℃ for half an hour, then take them off and soak them in cold water for five days, and then take them off and expose them to the sun until they crack, so they can be used for planting.
2. Planting management methods
Choose a plot with rich soil layer to plant, carry out intensive cultivation on the soil layer, and then carry out exposure for a period of time to let the soil layer get nutrients, and then gradually carry out planting. In addition, before planting, some base fertilizer is prepared in advance, which can be evenly mixed with the soil layer, so that various nutrients can be given to the hawthorn seedlings. According to the size of the roots of the hawthorn seedlings, a pit is appropriately dug, and the hawthorn seedlings are placed in the middle, and then the soil is paved and lightly stamped with feet, so that the roots of the planted hawthorn trees can be stable and not easily blown down by the wind.
3. Prune the whole branch
Prune the branches of the hawthorn tree on time, and replace some fruits when the hawthorn tree grows fruit, in case the hawthorn fruit is not big enough. Only by ensuring that the main stem of hawthorn has sufficient nutrients can it grow many hawthorn fruits, and then all hawthorn trees will become more and more robust and grow better. Generally, when the hair branch grows to 40 cm, it needs to be reduced by more than half to make it grow and develop again.
Fertilization of hawthorn
According to the regulations on nutritional components in different stages of hawthorn, different chemical fertilizers and different stages of fertilization can be used, and fertilization can be carried out before germination. Hawthorn must have a lot of nutrients from germination, blooming to fruiting, and it should be fertilized in the growing period. Fertilization in July should be combined with base fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to facilitate flower bud differentiation and fruit growth and development; Top-dressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers from mid-August to around fruit picking and blending irrigation. Apply base fertilizer in autumn. It is a basic chemical fertilizer that must be used for a long time during the growth and development of hawthorn, and autumn application is better. It is suggested that long roots should be used to chelate fish protein quickly in autumn, and the nitrogen fertilizer composition should be balanced, so as to improve color and keep flowers.