Chonglou is the dried rhizome of Paris polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis(Franch.)Hand.-Mazz. or Paris polyphylla Smith var.chinensis(Franch.)Hara of the Liliaceae family. . Also known as Qianxiu and Caoheche, it is slightly poisonous and has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and relieving pain, cooling the liver and calming convulsions. It mainly contains diosgenin.

Boxer ginseng is the dried rhizome of Polygonum bistorta L, also known as purple ginseng, caoheche, and red ginseng. It has the functions of clearing away heat, detoxifying, reducing swelling, and stopping bleeding. It mainly contains tannins and gallic acid. Acid etc. The two have similar shapes, and are also known as "Caohe Che" in other regions. They are often used interchangeably in the market. Due to different families, ingredients, and different effects, attention should be paid to identification. The differences between the two are introduced as follows.

1 Character Identification

1.1 Chonglou is a nodular flat column, with a yellow-brown or gray-brown surface, densely layered thick ring patterns, and a half-moon shape on it. The stems are hollow, hard, white in cross-section, and highly powdery. The gas is weak and the taste is slightly bitter and numb.

1.2 Boxing ginseng is fist-shaped or shrimp-shaped, with a purple-brown or purple-black surface and dense ring lines. The cross section is light brown-red or brown-red, with small yellow-white dots arranged in a ring. The smell is slight and the taste is bitter and astringent.

2 Microscopic identification

2.1 Chonglou powder white. There are many starch grains. Calcium oxalate needle crystals are clustered or scattered.

2.2 Boxing ginseng powder is light brown-red. There are more starch granules. There are many calcium oxalate cluster crystals. Cork cells contain brown-red material.

3 Physical and chemical identification

3.1 Chonglou Take 0.5g of powder, add 3ml of water, soak for 10 minutes, shake vigorously to produce persistent foam.

3.2 Boxing ginseng: Take 0.5g of powder, add 3ml of water, soak for 10 minutes, shake vigorously to produce a small amount of foam, which disappears quickly.

4 Thin layer chromatography identification

Take 0.5g each of Chonglou and Boxing ginseng powder, add 30ml of 80% ethanol respectively, ultrasonicate for 30min, filter, take the filtrate and evaporate the ethanol , use 2mol/L hydrochloric acid to reflux and hydrolyze for 60 minutes, extract the hydrolyzate three times with petroleum ether (30-60℃), combine the petroleum ether liquids, wash once with water, evaporate the petroleum ether liquid to dryness, take the above two residues and add trichloride respectively Dissolve 1 ml of methane to prepare the test solution. Take another diosgenin reference substance and add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml as the reference substance solution. Take 5 μl of each of the above three solutions and place them on the same silica gel G thin layer plate respectively. Use chloroform-methanol (19:l) as the developing agent, unfold, take out, dry, and spray with 10% phosphomolybdic acid ethanol solution. , heat until the spots appear clear. Results: The same blue spots appeared on the corresponding positions of the chromatograms of the Chonglou and the reference substance, but the same blue spots did not appear on the corresponding positions of the chromatograms of the boxer and the reference substance.

5 Summary

From the perspective of properties, microscopy, physics and chemistry, and thin layer chromatography, there are essential differences between Chonglou and Quan Shen, and they are relatively easy to separate. Similar to the phenomenon of foreign bodies with the same name as the two, the rhizome of P. paleaccum Wall. is used as a medicine in some areas of Shaanxi. The shape of Caoxuejie is flat and cylindrical, with slightly pointed ends. The surface is like a boxing ginseng, purple-brown to dark brown in color, reddish-brown or gray-brown in cross-section, and tastes astringent and slightly bitter.

In terms of plant classification, plants of the genus Sect are divided into two groups: Sect Paris and Sect Euthya Franch according to the thickness of their rhizomes. The former has slender rhizomes, while the grape Shape, diameter less than 8mm, nearly equal in thickness, internodes very long, so it is not used as a medicine. The plants used for Chonglou medicine are all plants from the Nan Chonglou group. Their rhizomes are thick, 8 to 30 mm in diameter, vary in thickness, and grow densely with links.

In the mixed Chonglou, there are also two species of Dieffenbachia and Dieffenbachia of the Liliaceae family. The cross-section of Dieffenbachia is yellow-white and often horny; the cross-section of Dieffenbachia is light brown or almost white, with small yellow spots visible. , pay attention to identification.