Depression (depression)
Episode):
The clinical manifestations are mainly "three low symptoms" such as depression, slow thinking and slow reduction of language movements.
Emotional depression: often manifested as frown, upset, low self-evaluation, self-blame or guilt, pessimism and disappointment about the future, repeated thoughts of wanting to die or committing suicide and self-injury. Emotional depression is characterized by heavy days and light nights.
Slow thinking: slow thinking, difficulty in association, decreased self-conscious thinking ability, slow response to stimuli, difficulty in concentration, and memory loss.
Decreased and slow language movements: less language, low voice, often sitting alone without contact with people, losing interests and hobbies, listlessness, fatigue, and slow walking. In severe cases, it reaches the degree of depressive stupor without eating, drinking or talking.
In addition, physical symptoms such as nausea, palpitation, chest tightness, sweating and so on. May occur during the onset of depression. Male patients may have impotence, while female patients may have lack of sexual desire or amenorrhea. At the same time, insomnia, early awakening or excessive sleep, loss of appetite, obvious weight loss and other symptoms may occur.
According to whether there are social function impairment and psychotic symptoms, depressive episodes can be divided into mild depression or mild depression (social function is not impaired or slightly impaired), depression without psychotic symptoms (social function is obviously impaired, but there are no psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions), depression with psychotic symptoms (social function is obviously impaired, there are psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions) and recurrent depression (currently a certain type of depressive episode, with 65,438 episodes at least two months ago).
Diagnostic points:
The diagnostic points of emotional disorder are:
First, patients with depression have a certain degree of self-knowledge, and can realize that their emotional state is different from others, but it is often attributed to "self-inflicted". Manic patients, on the other hand, lack self-knowledge and don't admit that they are sick at all. On the contrary, they think their health is unprecedented.
2. Mood disorder rarely occurs for the first time before 65,438+05 years old or after 60 years old, but mostly occurs at 65,438+06-30 years old, among which the peak age of depression is 40-44 years old, and the peak age of mania and bipolar disorder is 20-30 years old and 40-50 years old respectively.
Third, depression must be characterized by relatively persistent depression, which can change rhythmically within one day, and the depression has lasted for at least 2 weeks at the time of the first attack, and it also has at least 4 of the following symptoms:
1, lose interest in daily activities or feel unhappy;
2, energy is obviously weakened, fatigue and weakness for no reason;
3. Repeated thoughts of death, or suicidal attempts or behaviors;
4. remorse or guilt;
5. Association difficulties, decreased thinking ability or attention;
6. Mental retardation or agitation;
7. Insomnia, early awakening or excessive sleep;
8. Loss of appetite and obvious weight loss;
9. Loss of libido.