Currently commonly used fish medicines include bleach, bleaching powder, furazolidone, copper sulfate, trichlorfon, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, sodium trichloroisocyanurate and so on.
(1) Bleaching powder (chlorinated lime) is the most widely used chlorine-containing compounds, which is a mixture of calcium hypochlorite, calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride. It is an off-white granular powder with a strong chlorine odor, slightly soluble in water, and contains not less than 25% effective chlorine. This product is easy to absorb moisture from the air and decompose, losing effective chlorine. When the effective chlorine is lower than 16%, it should not be used for disinfection. Bleaching powder is an effective drug for preventing and controlling bacterial diseases of fish, and is also a good disinfectant for pond water. Usage and dosage: Splash the whole pond, add 6-10 grams of bleaching powder for every 1 cubic meter of water. When using this product, it should be noted that the pH of the pond water should not be high, otherwise it will affect the effect of bleaching powder. This product should be sealed and stored.
Bleaching powder also has a killing effect on the pathogens of silkworm viral diseases, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and protozoan diseases. It can be used to sterilize silkworm room and silkworm tools.
(2) Bleaching powder is a white granular powder made of chlorine-containing lime, with chlorine odor, containing 60% to 70% of the effective chlorine, is an ideal fish pond disinfectant. It is an ideal disinfectant for fish ponds. Use it according to the content of effective chlorine in bleaching powder, and refer to the amount of bleaching powder. This product can also be used for silkworm room, sericulture, silkworm body and mulberry leaf disinfection.
(3) Furazolidone is yellow powder or yellow crystalline powder, odorless, almost insoluble in water, ethanol. The drug has broad-spectrum antibacterial effect and antiprotozoal effect. It is mainly used for the prevention of bacterial diseases in fish, and also has a certain growth-promoting effect on fish.
Use and dosage: ①Feed additive, according to 1:10000 times added to the feed for a long period of continuous feeding has a growth-promoting effect. ② 0.0001% concentration of furazolidone whole pool splashing. The aqueous solution of the drug is easy to decompose when exposed to light, and it is advisable to disinfect the whole pool by sprinkling in the evening.
(4) Copper sulfate is blue crystalline particles or powder, odorless, weathered. It is soluble in water and its aqueous solution is weakly acidic. The drug has a strong ability to kill pathogenic microorganisms, and has a certain astringent effect, which can prevent and control ciliates, flagellates protozoa and parasitic fish diseases such as Chinese tartar.
Dosage: ① fish immersion disinfection, according to 1000 kg of water plus 8 grams of copper sulfate. ②Spray the whole pool with 0.0001% concentration of copper sulfate, the maximum concentration should not exceed 0.00012%.
The drug is more toxic, copper can be left in the gills, muscle, liver, kidney and other tissues, and on the feeding and growth of fish have a certain effect, the safety range is small, the use of attention to accurately measure the volume of water. In addition, the drug can not be used to treat fish melioidosis and eosinophilic egg-algae disease (powdering disease), otherwise it will exacerbate the development of the disease.
(5) Trichlorfon is a highly efficient, low-toxicity organophosphorus insecticide. It is a white crystalline or crystalline powder, easy to absorb moisture in the air, caking or deliquescence; the drug is acidic, stable under acidic conditions, alkaline hydrolysis occurs in alkaline solution, generating substances without insecticidal activity. This product can be used for the prevention and control of fish fingerling disease, Chinese tussock disease and so on.
Dosage and application: ①Trichlorfon with 0.002%～0.003% concentration can be used to disinfect the fish body by dipping. ② with 0.00005% concentration of trichlorfon whole pool splashing disinfection. If caused by poisoning can be atropine and iodine antiphosphate and other antidotes.
(6) Dichloroisocyanuric acid sodium (excellent chlorine net, fish treasure, fish treasure): this product is chloramine compounds, containing dichloroisocyanuric acid sodium to effective chlorine of not less than 28%, for the white powder, chlorine odor, is an excellent disinfection and sterilization of insecticide. It has preventive and curative effects on fish diseases caused by bacteria, virus and parasites, and is used for fish bacterial enteritis, gill rot, red skin, printing and invasive diseases caused by cryptozooplasmosis and melioidosis.
Use and dosage: ①pond cleaning: 4500～7500 grams per hectare, dissolved in warm water and splashed all over the pond (dry pond). ② dipping: 0.0001% concentration of the solution dipping 15 to 20 minutes, doubling the concentration of adult fish with drugs, can improve the survival rate of stocking. ③ Disease prevention: water depth 1 meter, dosage 600～900 grams per hectare, dilute and evenly splash, once every half month. ④Treating disease: water depth 1 meter, dosage 1800～4500g per hectare, continuous casting for 3～4 days.
This product should be sealed and kept in a cool and dry place.
(7) Sodium trichloroisocyanurate (strong chlorine essence, perchlorine essence, TCCA): the drug is a high-efficiency, disinfecting and bactericidal agent, containing effective chlorine up to 90% or more. It is a white powder with stable chemical properties. It has a good effect on bacterial gill rot and enteritis, and it has a yield-enhancing effect on bighead carp and silver carp.
Use and dosage: ①Disinfection of fish pond, prevention with 0.00002% concentration of the solution of the whole pond splashing, treatment with 0.00003% ~ 0.00004% concentration of the solution of splashing. ② Oral: 10 grams of medicine per 50 kilograms of fish weight, mixed into a cooled flour paste, mixed with concentrate or green fodder, dried and fed, once a day.