original text
When sending Yuan Er to Anxi
Wang Wei [Tang Dynasty]
The rain in the early morning moistened the dust of the land, the inn of the inn, the branches and leaves of the inn, and a new leaf
Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their loved ones when they go out to Yang Guan in the west.
translate
A spring rain in the morning of the Acropolis moistened the faint dust, and the willow branches and leaves around the guest house were fresh and tender.
An old friend invites you for another drink. It's hard to see old relatives when you leave Yangguan for the west.
To annotate ...
Anxi: refers to Anxi, the capital of the Tang Dynasty.
Weicheng: Located in the northwest of Xi City, Shaanxi Province, it was the ancient city of Xianyang in the Qin Dynasty.
υ(y√): wetting.
Guest House: Hotel.
Willow color: willow symbolizes parting.
Yangguan: In the southwest of Dunhuang, Gansu, it has been the main road to the northwest frontier since ancient times.
Creation background
This poem was written by Wang Wei when he sent his friends to the northwest frontier. Later, it was composed for musicians, and it was named "Three Layers in Yangguan". Yuan Er was ordered to send an envoy to Anxi Baofu, and Wang Wei went to Weicheng to bid farewell and wrote this poem.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem depicts a very common parting scene. It has no special background, but it is full of deep attachment and concern. Suitable for most parting occasions, it was compiled into Yuefu and became a widely circulated and enduring song.
The poet seized the moment of farewell and made it eternal. My friend is about to go out of town, going to Huangsha, which is full of borders. At this time, I don't know when I can see you again. There are thousands of words to say. I can only melt my feelings of parting, all my cares and blessings into a glass of parting wine.
"Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow." These two sentences vividly show the poet's deep attachment and concern for his friend Yuaner, who is going to a desolate place. The first two sentences of this poem depict the scene of spring, but imply the sadness of parting. Among them, "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, which is a symbol of parting. "Light Dust" and "Hostel" also hint at the purpose of the trip, pointing out the time, place and environment of farewell. The last two paragraphs make it clear that the theme is farewell dinner with wine, and the poet expresses his deep affection for his friends by persuading him to drink. Anxi, where my friends are going on this trip, is described as "the spring breeze is not enough for Yumen Pass" in today's Kuqa County, Xinjiang. Anxi is outside Yumen and desolate.
There are strict restrictions on the length of quatrains. This poem is about how to hold a farewell banquet, how to raise glasses frequently at the banquet, how to say goodbye politely, how to part with you when leaving, how to look forward to it after boarding the plane, and so on. I gave up all of them, except the host's toast at the end of the farewell dinner: drink this cup again, and you will never see your old friends again when you leave Yangguan. The poet, like a clever photographer, took the most expressive photos. The banquet lasted for a long time, and the wine full of special feelings was drunk too much. The words of polite farewell were repeated many times. The time for friends to go on the road is finally coming, and the feelings of farewell between host and guest have reached its peak at this moment. The toast that the host seems to blurt out is the concentrated expression of the strong and profound farewell feeling at this moment.
Three or four sentences are a whole. If you want to deeply understand the deep feelings contained in this parting exhortation, you can't help but involve "going to the West to get through Yangguan". Yangguan, located at the western end of Hexi Corridor, is opposite to Yumenguan in the north. Since the Han dynasty, it has been the channel for the mainland to go out of the western regions. The national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, and there were frequent exchanges between the mainland and the western regions. Joining the army or going to Yangguan is a desirable feat in the eyes of the prosperous Tang people. But at that time, the western part of Yangguan was still poor and barren, and the scenery was very different from that of the mainland. Although it is a feat, my friend's "going out to the west" can't help but go through the long March and prepare for the hardships and loneliness of going alone. Therefore, when he left, "advise you to drink more wine" was like a cup of rich emotional nectar, which soaked all the rich and profound friendship of the poet. There are feelings of parting, deep consideration of the traveler's situation and mood, and cordial wishes for cherishing the road ahead. For the farewell party, persuading the other party to "have more drinks" is not only to let friends take away more friendship, but also to delay the breakup intentionally or unintentionally and let the other party stay for a moment. The feeling of "going out to Xiyangguan for no reason" belongs not only to the traveler. Parting, I have a lot to say, but I don't know where to start at the moment. On this occasion, there is often silence. "Advise you to drink more wine" is a way to unconsciously break this silence and express the rich and complicated feelings at the moment. What the poet has not said is much richer than what he has said. In short, although three or four sentences are only moments, they are extremely rich moments.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Wei (70 1 year -76 1 year, 699 -76 1 year), whose real name was Ji Jie, was named the magic pony. Han nationality, a native of Hedong, Zhou Pu (now Yuncheng, Shanxi) and Qixian, Shanxi, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty and was known as the "Shi Fo". Su Shi commented: "Poetry is full of paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), he was a scholar and was appointed as Tai Lecheng. During the Tianbao period, he worshipped the official department as a doctor and a servant. In the first year of Tang Suzong's rule, he was appointed as a senior minister, known as "Wang Youcheng". Wang Wei is a representative of poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Today, there are more than 400 poems, including Acacia and Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains. Wang Wei is proficient in Buddhism and is greatly influenced by Zen. Buddhism has a Vimalakīrti Jing, which is the origin of Wang Wei's name and ci. Wang Wei's poems, paintings and calligraphy are all famous, versatile and proficient in music. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng".