One, Mandarin fish fry cultivation technology
Cultivation conditions:
1, environmental requirements: ponds require sandy bottom, less silt, an area of 2 to 3 acres, a depth of 1.5 meters or more, drainage and irrigation is convenient, the water quality of the light, not turbid, no sewage inflow, and a small amount of submerged water aquatic grass of the fish pond. Depending on the quality of the soil, acidic pools and pools with turbid water are not suitable for raising Mandarin fish.
2, clean and disinfect the pond: in April 5 with quicklime to clean the pond, in April 10 around the four corners of the pool piled up grass fertilizer, (such as the bottom of the pool may not be fertilizer) and refill the new water 0.8 ~ 1.0 m to cultivate the water quality, in order to cultivate the natural bait of the forage fish.
3, bait cultivation: will be attached to the crucian carp eggs of the nest (floating handle) into the pond for incubation, the density of fish fry is generally controlled at about 500,000 per mu, the eggs can be divided into 2 to 3 batches into the batch, each batch of interval of one day, so that you can take into account the specifications of the different Siniperca fish fry have a mouthful of bait.
Cultivation method:
The body of the newly hatched fry is soft and tender, smaller than that of domestic fishes, with a body length of only about 4 millimeters. After 50 to 60 hours of cultivation, the body length of 4 to 5 millimeters, the average number of heartbeats is 3 times / sec, at this time the Mandarin fish fry began to feed, that is, enter the summer flower cultivation stage, since the 1990s, Mandarin fish fry cultivation technology has been improved and enhanced, cultivation methods and methods are also varied, the production of the production is summarized in the flow and static water cultivation of the two ways, the flow of water nursery fry survival rate than the static water nursery fry, but the growth rate than the static water nursery slightly slower. The growth rate is slightly slower than that of static water.
1, running water cultivation: running water nursery is divided into two ways of hatchery tanks and ring channel nursery, the operation is basically the same.
1) Cultivation conditions: The hatching tank (ring road) has the advantages of fresh water quality, large water exchange, balanced water temperature, small temperature difference and rich dissolved oxygen, which is in line with the growth of Siniperca chuatsi fish fry's requirements for the environment, and most of the production adopts this method, i.e., Siniperca chuatsi fish fry that have been hatched out of the membranes in the hatching tank (ring road) will continue to stay in the original tank (ring road) that has been artificially controlling the flow of water to cultivate them.
②Stocking density: at the early stage of nursery, the stocking density of Siniperca chuatsi fry is generally 0.5 to 10,000 tails/square meter, which will be gradually reduced as the individual Siniperca chuatsi fish grows bigger.
③Cultivation method: In the process of cultivation of Mandarin fish fry, every 5 days or so, should be combined with the sub-specification of conversion of hatchery tanks (ring road) 1 time, at the same time will be the bottom of the hatchery tank (ring road) on both sides of the sediment removal, the Mandarin fish fry voracious appetite, the best in the hatchery tank (ring road) to turn the loop a few hours before the feeding of bait fish to avoid the Mandarin fish fry overeaters and cause unnecessary losses.
2, static water nursery: static water nursery is subdivided into cultivation in fish ponds, cement ponds and net boxes.
①Cultivation conditions: cultivate Siniperca chuatsi fish fry ponds are generally good to cement ponds, an area of 30 to 50 square meters, the water depth is maintained at 0.8 ~ 1 m, the bottom of the pond can be set up to simulate the natural waters of the artificial reef, for Siniperca chuatsi fish fry to create a good feeding environment.
②Sanitization and stocking: before the stocking of fish fry, the cultivation pool must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, the stocking density is generally about 7,000 Mandarin fish fry per cubic meter of water, when the Mandarin fish grows away from 1.5 cm or so, move into the net box to cultivate, the effect will be better.
Bait feeding:
Chiniperca chuatsi is a typical carnivorous fish, the opening of the mouth that eat live fish fry, hungry each other eat, which is determined by its biological characteristics, therefore, accurately grasp the opening of Siniperca chuatsi fish fry ingestion time, choose a good choice of bait fish, the timely supply of palatable bait is the success of Siniperca chuatsi fish fry cultivation of one of the key measures.
1, open feeding time: the organ differentiation and development of Siniperca chuatsi fry is closely related to the water temperature, in general, when the water temperature is 23.5～25℃, 24～26.5℃, 26～29℃, the interval between the fertilized egg and the opening of the Mandarin fish fry to feed is 112～120 hours, 105～115 hours, and 90～98 hours respectively, at this time, Siniperca chuatsi fry is active and able to take the initiative to feed.
2. Open bait: whether the size of the open bait is suitable or not directly affects the feeding and survival rate of Siniperca chuatsi fry.
①Opening bait selection: In production, it is better to choose the long and flat body, weak swimming ability of pomfrets, bream, channel catfish and other fish fry as the opening bait, especially the live fish fry just 8 hours after the film is off is the best, at this time, the bait fish is easy to be swallowed by Siniperca as a whole tail.
②Ban feeding the old mouth fry: If feeding the old mouth fry, Siniperca chuatsi can only use a small part of the tail of the bait fish, the remaining part of the mouth of the chuatsi chuatsi chuatsi fry often hang on the edge of the not only affects the movement, but also easy to rot and decomposition in the water, deterioration of water quality, and even outbreaks of fish disease.
3 punctual feeding of bait: in Siniperca chuatsi fry in the opening of the food within 3 to 5 days can not get the mouthful of bait fish, the activity ability to suddenly reduce the sensory retardation, it will be gradually thinning and die, and even the occurrence of mutual mutilation, and because of swallowing the phenomenon of card death.
3, bait production: Siniperca chuatsi's mouth cleft and bait fish body height with the growth of continuous change, different periods of Siniperca chuatsi fish need to feed a certain stage of development of the bait fish fry, in order to Siniperca chuatsi fish swallowed.
①The Mandarin fish fry at 60 hours of age can only swallow the fine-scaled slant jaw caddis fry at 60 to 216 hours of age.
②84 hours old Mandarin fish fry can swallow 60 to 216 hours old pomfrets fry.
3) 108-hour-old Mandarin fish fry, on the other hand, were able to swallow channel catfish and pomfrets fry at all stages up to 216 hours of age, as well as grass carp fry from 36 to 108 hours of age.
4. 144-hour-old Mandarin fish, on the other hand, were able to swallow grass carp fry from 36 to 108 hours of age.
5. 144-year-old Mandarin fish can swallow channel catfish, pomfrets, grass carp, rich carp, and carp before 216 hours of age, as well as silver carp from 12 to 216 hours of age and bighead carp from 24 to 108 hours of age for food.
4, baiting quantity
①Different age baiting quantity: different age of Siniperca chuatsi fry diet and palatable bait fish specifications are not consistent, each Siniperca chuatsi fish fry feeding the early stage of the 2-day diet for 2 to 3 and eating slowly, 2 to 4 days old rations for 4 to 5, 5 to 8 days old rations for 8 to 12, 8 to 12 days old rations for 10 to 16, 14 to 15 days old rations for 15-20, 14 to 15 days old rations for 15 to 20 days. Day-old ration is 15 to 20 tails, the feeding rate is accelerated with the growth of the fish.
②Judge whether the bait is sufficient: satiated Mandarin fish fry, abdomen expanded, prismatic, caudal peduncle slightly bowed, in the flow of water, leaning on the inner wall of the stationary or drift with the water, the body of the hungry Mandarin fish fry flattened, in the ring channel spread out to feed, according to which, you can judge the adequacy of the bait fish.
5, feeding mode: in the cultivation process of Siniperca chuatsi summer flower, you can clearly see that Siniperca chuatsi is swallowing bait fish from the tail, often half of the fish contained in the mouth, half of the fish exposed to the outside of the mouth, eating and swimming and digesting, and finally spit out the head of the fish, and sometimes you will also see the head of the bait fish hanging in the Siniperca chuatsi fish fry gill cover after the spines, which is often mistaken for parasites, this time, you should pay attention to, encountered! This situation does not require drug treatment, after a period of time the head of the fish will naturally fall off.
6, strengthen management: during the cultivation period of Siniperca chuatsi fish fry, we must implement fine management, thoroughly disinfect the water, to prevent pathogens from being brought into the nursery pool, strictly control the water quality, timely sewage cleanup, timely reproduction of bait fish, pay attention to the demand for cultivation of Siniperca chuatsi fish fry connected with the bait fish must be strictly disinfected before feeding, regularly sprinkle drugs to the cultivation pool, and do a good job of preventing and controlling fish diseases, so as to effectively increase the survival rate of Siniperca chuatsi fish fry. The survival rate of Mandarin fish fry.
Second, how to select Mandarin fish
Quality Mandarin fish have prominent eyeballs and transparent corneas. Fresh fish have clear, bright and full eyes with prominent eyeballs and clear black and white boundaries.
The mouth of fresh fish is slightly closed but easy to break open, the abdomen is normal and not swollen, and the cloacal pore is white and concave. If you press the fish's belly with your hand, you will not see any sticky dirt spilling out of its cloaca hole, including its mouth, which is also clean.
The gills of guppies are bright red in color, the gills are clear, and the scales are intact, glossy, and not easy to fall off. Fresh fish scales are shiny and intact and fit neatly without sloppy shedding.
The flesh of guppy is firm and elastic.
Three, what is the nutritional value of the guppy
Chinese mandarin fish's body is laterally compressed, with irregularly colored shades of patterns, so it is alias the ao hua fish, living in the middle of the Heilongjiang River, which is known as the most beautiful species of fish in the Heilongjiang River. The meat of Mandarin fish is thick and delicious, fresh and tender, and the nutritional value of Mandarin fish contains a large amount of protein, which is suitable for people who are physically weak to supplement their nutrition. The effect of eating Mandarin fish is to clear away heat and replenish blood, fitness and strong body, replenish body functions, and benefit the stomach and spleen.