Flammulina velutipes is a kind of fungus that can grow in severe winter. Its fruiting body is small, beautiful and nutritious. Mushrooms are high-grade edible fungi, but their seed production and cultivation are not complicated. At present, clinker cultivation is mostly adopted in China. In order to save energy, reduce and simplify the process of cooking base materials under high pressure or low pressure, relevant experts have achieved complete success through long-term cultivation experiments on raw materials. Now the new method of cultivating mushrooms with raw materials is briefly introduced as follows.

First, the cultivation and sowing time of winter mushrooms is a low-temperature fungus, the fruiting temperature is mostly between 5~ 15℃, the optimum temperature for the growth of fruiting bodies is 5~8℃, and the sowing time of raw material cultivation is mostly from 10 to 12, which can also be extended to the Spring Festival.

Second, the preparation of culture materials cottonseed hulls, wheat bran or other raw materials should be fresh without caking and mildew, and they should be exposed to the sun for 2~3 days, and then used after surface disinfection. The formula of the culture medium is: 1. cottonseed hulls 78%, wheat bran 20%, sugar1%,gypsum L% and carbendazim 0.2%; 2. cottonseed hulls 96%, corn flour 3%, sugar1%,carbendazim 0.2%; 3. cottonseed hulls100%, carbendazim 0.2%. Matters needing attention: when batching, the material-water ratio is1:1.2 ~1.4, and the water content is 65% ~ 70%. After mixing the materials evenly, pile them up, and cover them with plastic film for 2 hours. If they are not piled up, or less than 2 hours, carbendazim will not be sterilized, but will be harmful.

Third, the cultivation and sowing method 1. Raw material bottle cultivation. ⑦ Seeding and bottling. Ordinary 500g can bottles can be used. According to the routine, the bottles are disinfected first, and then the culture materials are bottled. In bottle cultivation, it is better to sow by layers, that is, to pack one layer of materials, sow one layer of strains, sow three layers, and increase the sowing amount at the top layer (that is, to seal with strains). The strains and materials must be closely combined, and the total seed consumption should be10%. When bottling, it should be neither too tight nor too loose. Only a moderate tightness is conducive to fungus growth. After sowing, the bottle can be sealed with plastic film and tied tightly. ② Fungal culture. Send the inoculated fungus bottles to the culture room for fungus growth, and pay attention to shading indoors to form a dark room effect. The room temperature is controlled at 5~ 12℃, and it takes about 30~35 days for the mycelium to fill the bottle and complete the cultivation in the nutritional stage. (2) Growth and culture: move the bottle with good bacteria to the mushroom outlet room to promote mushroom growth, first remove the plastic from the bottle mouth, spread newspaper on the bottle mouth, and spray water on the newspaper to keep warm. The room temperature is controlled between 5~ 15℃, and the relative air temperature is controlled between 80% and 90%. When the fruiting body appears, in order to make the flower shape perfect and tidy, the quality of fruiting is excellent, and to prevent the stalk from bending and lodging, it is necessary to cover the bottle mouth with a hard paper tube of 8~ 10 cm, and make 4~5 small holes in the paper to facilitate ventilation. The big mouth of the paper tube is upward, and the small mouth is covered on the bottle mouth, which is firmly fixed with a rubber band. At the same time, newspapers are also covered on the paper slips, and the newspapers are always kept moist to keep moisture. In addition, it is necessary to splash water on the ground. Spray in the room. In this way, the first stubble mushroom can be picked in about 15~20 days. When harvesting, it is necessary to clean up the mushroom residue, do not damage the mushroom block, arrange the material surface, make the mycelium grow again for a few days, then spray 1 time of heavy water for two days, and cover for a few days, the second mushroom will grow, and about 3-4 crops can be harvested. 2. Bed cultivation and briquetting cultivation: intensive production and large-scale cultivation often adopt this method. If you cultivate at home, you can use the space under the bed and table, but the site must be strictly disinfected. ① Bed planting. The width of the fungus bed should not exceed 80 cm, and the length is not limited. The sowing method can be combined with layering and material surface on demand, and the * * * is divided into three layers, and the technical measures can be conventional. ⑦ briquetting cultivation. Mould blocks with wood. Generally, it is better to mould blocks of 50 cm x 35 cm xlO cm. The sowing method can be either on-demand or mixed sowing. No matter which cultivation method is adopted, the fungus sprouting, fruiting, harvesting and management can be carried out according to the routine.