Like microeconomics, macroeconomics also pays attention to the relationship between supply and demand, but macroeconomics pays more attention to the overall statistical analysis. On the whole, the transaction is completed by both buyers and sellers. GDP measures the market value of the gross social product. Although it is only an expenditure item, it is an excellent starting point for analyzing total demand and total supply.

GDP is the product of total output (real variable) and price (nominal variable), which consists of consumption, investment, government purchase and net export. In the long run, the currency remains neutral and does not affect the real variables. In the short term, the central bank's monetary policy, the government's fiscal policy, the public's expectations of prices and various uncertain events may change the total demand and supply, thus causing macroeconomic fluctuations.

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For reference.