Origin, Chinese vocabulary. Polysemous words can refer to the origin of Chinese characters. Here is a brief introduction to the origin of the Spring Festival. I hope you like it!
Introduction to the Origin of the Spring Festival 1 The Spring Festival is the beginning of the lunar calendar and an ancient traditional festival in China. In ancient times, Nian was not celebrated on the 29th or 30th day of the twelfth lunar month, but on wax day, which later became Laba. After the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the "wax festival" was moved to the end of the year. In the Republic of China, the Lunar New Year was called "Spring Festival" only when the solar calendar was changed, because the Spring Festival was usually around beginning of spring.
The Spring Festival is the largest and most lively ancient traditional festival in China. Commonly known as "Chinese New Year". According to the China lunar calendar, the first day of the first month is called Yuanri, Chen Yuan, Jacky, Yuanshuo and New Year's Day. Commonly known as the first day of the first month, there are other nicknames such as Shangri-La, Zheng Chao, Sanshuo, Shisan and Sanyuan, which means that the first day of the first month is the beginning of the year, month and day.
The Spring Festival, as its name implies, is the Spring Festival. Spring has come, Vientiane is renewed, and a new round of sowing and harvesting season is about to begin again. People have enough reasons to welcome this festival by singing and dancing. So, before the festival, a New Year message with red paper and yellow characters was posted on the frontispiece. When Miss Chun comes to the door, she will read out words to express her best wishes for the New Year. With this idea, good luck really came. The same moral things are hanging red lanterns, sticking the word "Fu" and sticking the statue of the God of Wealth. The word "Fu" must be posted backwards, and passers-by will say "Fu has fallen", which means "Fu has arrived".
Introduction to the Origin of the Spring Festival 2 There are many opinions about the origin of the Spring Festival, some of which are representative, such as the Spring Festival originated in La Worship, the Spring Festival originated in witchcraft ceremony, and the Spring Festival originated in Ghost Festival. However, it is generally believed that the Spring Festival rose during the Yu Shun period.
One day more than 2000 BC, Shun became emperor and led his men to worship heaven and earth. Since then, people have regarded this day as the beginning of a year. It is said that this is the origin of the Lunar New Year, which was later called the Spring Festival.
There is another saying:
"Nian" is a fierce beast in the folklore of the Han nationality, with a long and sharp head and fierce abnormality. Nian beast has lived under the sea for many years. Every New Year's Eve, it crawls ashore to devour livestock and kill people. Therefore, every New Year's Eve, people in the village help the old and take care of the young, and flee to the deep mountains to avoid the harm of the New Year. It's New Year's Eve again. As in previous years, the villagers are busy packing up and preparing to flee to the deep mountains. At this time, a white-haired old man came to the east of the village. The white-haired old man told an old woman that as long as he was allowed to stay at her house for one night, the Nian beast could be driven away. Only that day, the white-haired old man wore red clothes, posted red couplets on the door, set off firecrackers and drums outside, and Nian beast ran away. Therefore, we set off firecrackers, wear red clothes, put up red couplets and beat drums every Spring Festival.
Introduction to the origin of the Spring Festival 3 Spring Festival is a family reunion festival, which is very similar to Christmas in the West. Children who leave home will have to travel thousands of miles back to their parents' home at this time. The night before the real Chinese New Year is called "New Year's Eve", which is also called "reunion night" and "reunion dinner". On the night of reunion, every family gets together to talk about the old and the new, and congratulate and encourage each other. There is a custom of eating jiaozi in northern China at this time. Jiaozi's practice is to mix dough first, and the word "harmony" means "harmony"; Jiaozi's jiaozi is homophonic with Jiao, and "Harmony" and "Jiao" have the meaning of gathering together, which also means "Jiaozi is young". So we use jiaozi as a symbol of reunion. There is a habit of eating rice cakes in the south, which symbolizes a better life. Putting up Spring Festival couplets, beating gongs and drums, saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new are very lively.
Traditional celebrations last from New Year's Eve to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. The festive atmosphere will last for a month. Before the first day of the first month, there were sacrifices to stoves, ancestors and filth. On the 30th, we will put up a door-keeper, put up couplets, hang flags, eat jiaozi, set off firecrackers and "keep watch" on New Year's Eve. On the first day of the first month, the younger generation pays New Year greetings to their elders, and then visits relatives and friends. When relatives and friends meet for the first time, they say "Congratulations on getting rich", "Congratulations on getting rich" and "Happy New Year" to each other to express their congratulations. The new son-in-law will go to her parents' home to pay New Year's greetings, usually on the third day of New Year's Eve. From the age of 60, banquets will be held during the Spring Festival every ten years. Besides exchanging New Year greetings, there are also customs such as giving children lucky money, dancing lions, playing dragon lanterns, performing social fires, visiting flower markets and enjoying lantern festivals. During this period, lanterns filled the city and tourists crowded the streets, which was unprecedented ... The Spring Festival didn't end until after the Lantern Festival (the fifteenth day of the first month).
Introduction to the Origin of the Spring Festival 4 Modern folklore calls celebrating the Spring Festival the New Year of China. In fact, the origin of Chinese New Year and Spring Festival is very different.
So how did the year come from? There are mainly two kinds of folk sayings: one is that there was a fierce monster called Nian in ancient times, which went door to door on the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, foraging for human flesh and killing creatures. On the night of the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, Nian came to a village. It happened that two cowboys were fighting for a whip. Nian suddenly heard the sound of a whip in mid-air and ran away in fear. It fled to another village and saw a bright red dress drying in front of the door. It didn't know what it was, so it turned around and ran away. Later, he came to a village, looked into the door of a family, and saw that the lights were brightly lit and dizzy, so he had to slip away again, with his tail between his legs. From this, people realized that Nian has the weakness of being afraid of noise, red and light, so they thought of many ways to resist it and gradually evolved into the custom of celebrating the New Year today.
Another way of saying this is that ancient calligraphy books in China put the word "Nian" in the Ministry of Grain, which means good weather and good harvest. Because cereal crops are usually harvested once a year. "Year" is extended to the name of the year.
Although there was a custom of Spring Festival in ancient China, it was not called Spring Festival at that time. Because the Spring Festival referred to at that time refers to the "beginning of spring" among the 24 solar terms.
The Northern and Southern Dynasties generally referred to the Spring Festival as the whole spring. It is said that the Lunar New Year was officially named Spring Festival after the Revolution of 1911. Because the solar calendar was used at that time, the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar had to be renamed the Spring Festival in order to distinguish between farmers and farmers.
Briefly introduce the origin of the Spring Festival. What is the Spring Festival?
The Spring Festival is the first year of the lunar calendar. Another name of the Spring Festival is China New Year, which is the biggest, most lively and most important ancient traditional festival in China, and it is also a unique festival for China people. It is the most concentrated embodiment of Chinese civilization. Since the Western Han Dynasty, the custom of the Spring Festival has continued to this day. Spring Festival generally refers to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month.
But among the people, the traditional Spring Festival refers to the sacrificial ceremony from the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month to the 15th of the first lunar month in La Worship, with New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month as the climax. How to celebrate this festival, in thousands of years of historical development, has formed some relatively fixed customs and habits, many of which are still handed down today.
During the Spring Festival, a traditional festival, the Han nationality and most ethnic minorities in China will hold various celebrations. Most of these activities are mainly about offering sacrifices to gods and buddhas, paying homage to ancestors, saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new, and praying for the new. The forms of activities are rich and colorful, with strong national characteristics.
Second, the origin of the Spring Festival:
There is a legend about the origin of the Spring Festival. In ancient China, there was a monster called Nian. Its tentacles were very long and fierce. Nian lived on the seabed for many years, and climbed ashore every New Year's Eve, devouring livestock and killing people. Therefore, every New Year's Eve, people in the village fled to the deep mountains to avoid the harm of the "Nian" beast.
One year on New Year's Eve, an old beggar came from outside the village. The villagers were in a hurry and panic. Only an old woman in the east of the village gave the old man some food and suggested that he go up the mountain quickly to avoid Nian beast. The old man smiled and said, "If my mother-in-law lets me stay at home for one night, I will definitely drive Nian beast away." The old woman continued to persuade and begged the old man to laugh without saying a word. At midnight, Nian beast broke into the village. It found that the atmosphere in the village was different from previous years: the old woman's house at the east end of the village had red paper on the door and bright candles in the room. The beast Nian trembled and let out a long whistle. When we were near the door, there was a sudden explosion in the yard, and Nian trembled and dared not go any further.
It turns out that Nian was most afraid of red, fire and explosion. At this time, my mother-in-law's door was wide open, and I saw an old man in a red robe laughing in the hospital. "Nian" was frightened to disgrace and fled in confusion. The next day was the first day of the first month, and the people who came back from refuge were very surprised to see that the village was safe and sound. At this time, the old woman suddenly realized and quickly told the villagers the promise of begging for the elderly. The story soon spread in the surrounding villages, and people all knew the way to drive away the "Nian" beast.
From then on, every year on New Year's Eve, every family posted red couplets and set off firecrackers. Every household has a bright candlelight, so it is better to wait for the New Year. In the early morning of the first day, I want to say hello to my relatives and friends. This custom has spread more and more widely, and has become the most solemn traditional festival among the people in China.
Third, the custom of the Spring Festival:
1, dust removal
"On the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month, dust sweeps the house". According to Lv Chunqiu, China had the custom of sweeping dust during the Spring Festival in the Yao and Shun era. According to the folk saying: Because of the homonym of "dust" and "Chen", sweeping dust in the Spring Festival means "getting rid of the old and not being new", and its original intention is to sweep away all bad luck and bad luck. This custom has placed people's desire to break the old and create new ones and their prayers to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. Whenever the Spring Festival comes, every household should clean the environment, clean all kinds of electrical appliances, remove and wash bedding curtains, sweep six yards, dust cobwebs and dredge culverts in open channels. Everywhere is filled with the joyful atmosphere of cleaning and welcoming the Spring Festival cleanly.
2. Pick up the Jade Emperor
According to the ancient custom, when the Kitchen God goes to heaven, the Jade Emperor will personally descend to earth on the 25th of the twelfth lunar month to investigate the good and evil on earth and decide the fortune for the coming year. Therefore, every household gives its blessing, which is called "receiving the Jade Emperor". On this day, we should be careful in our daily life and words, strive for good performance, win the favor of the Jade Emperor and bring good luck for the coming year.
Step 3 prepare new year's goods
Every household prepares new year's goods. About ten days before the festival, people were busy shopping, including chicken, duck, fish, tea, wine, oil and sauce, roasted seeds and nuts in the north and south, and fruit with sugar bait. Some gifts should also be prepared when visiting relatives and friends in the New Year, and children should buy new clothes and hats for the New Year.
4, paste the Spring Festival couplets blessing words
Before the Chinese New Year, a New Year greeting in red paper and yellow characters should be posted on the door of the house, that is, Spring Festival couplets written in red paper. Bright-colored and auspicious New Year pictures are posted in the house. Beautiful window grilles are cut out by ingenious girls and pasted on the windows. Red lanterns are hung in front of the door, and lucky characters and door gods can be pasted upside down. Passers-by are blessed when they think of it. All these activities are aimed at adding enough festive atmosphere to the festival.
Step 5 have a reunion dinner
The night before the real Chinese New Year is called Reunion Night. A wanderer who has left his hometown has to go home from thousands of miles away. During the Spring Festival, the whole family will sit around and wrap jiaozi. Jiaozi's practice is to use flour to make dumpling wrappers first, and then use leather bags to fill them. The contents of stuffing are varied, and all kinds of meat, eggs, seafood and seasonal vegetables can be stuffed. The orthodox practice in jiaozi is to cook it with clear water, remove it and mix it with vinegar, minced garlic and vegetables.
There are also methods of frying jiaozi and baking jiaozi (fried dumpling). Because the word "he" in dough mixing means "he"; Jiaozi's "jiao" and "glue" are homophonic, and "harmony" and "glue" have the meaning of reunion, so jiaozi is used to symbolize the reunion of acacia; It is very auspicious to make friends with older people; In addition, jiaozi, which is shaped like an ingot, has the auspicious meaning of "making a fortune" when eating jiaozi in the New Year. All the families get together to pack jiaozi, so it's fun to celebrate the Spring Festival.
6, shou sui
Keeping the Lunar New Year's Eve is one of the most important activities, and the custom of keeping the Lunar New Year's Eve has a long history. The earliest record can be found in the Local Records of the Western Jin Dynasty: on New Year's Eve, all parties give gifts to each other, which is called "the year of giving back"; Wine and food are invited, which is called "not old"; Young and old get together to drink and wish a complete song called "age division"; Everyone stays up all night, waiting for dawn. This is the so-called "shou sui".
Step 7 set off firecrackers
There is a folk saying in China that "open the door and set off firecrackers". That is, when the new year comes, the first thing for every household to open the door is to set off firecrackers to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new. Firecracker is a specialty of China, also known as "Firecracker", "Firecracker" and "Firecracker". Its origin is very early, and it has a history of more than two thousand years. Setting off firecrackers can create a festive and lively atmosphere, which is a kind of entertainment in festivals and can bring happiness and good luck to people.
8. New Year greetings
On the first day of the new year, people get up early, put on the most beautiful clothes, dress neatly, go out to visit relatives and friends, and wish each other good luck in the coming year. There are many ways to pay New Year's greetings, some of which are led by the same patriarch from door to door. Some colleagues invited several people to pay New Year greetings; Others get together to congratulate each other. This is called "group worship". Because it takes time and effort to pay New Year greetings at home, some elites and scholars later congratulated each other with stickers, thus developing the later "New Year cards".
9. Give lucky money
When paying New Year greetings during the Spring Festival, the younger generation should first pay New Year greetings to their elders and wish them health and longevity. The elders can distribute the lucky money prepared in advance to the younger generation. It is said that lucky money can kill evil spirits, because "old" and "special" are homophonic, and the younger generation can spend a year safely with lucky money. There are two kinds of lucky money, one is to put colored rope in the shape of Jackie Chan at the foot of the bed, which was recorded in Yanjing.
The other is the most common, that is, parents wrap the money distributed to their children in red paper. Lucky money can be given in public after the younger generation pays New Year's greetings, or it can be secretly put under the child's pillow by parents when the child falls asleep on New Year's Eve. It is still very popular for elders to give lucky money to younger generations.
Introduction to the Origin of the Spring Festival Chapter VI has a widely circulated story about the origin of lucky money. In ancient times, there was a little demon named Chong. On New Year's Eve, he came out and touched the head of a sleeping child. The child often cried with fear, and then he had a headache and became a fool. Therefore, on this day, every family will turn on the lights and stay up late, which is called "keeping special".
There was a couple who had a son in their later years and regarded him as their favorite. On New Year's Eve, they were afraid that "worship" would harm their children, so they took out eight copper coins to play with them. When the child fell asleep playing, they wrapped eight copper coins in red paper and put them under the child's pillow. The couple dare not sleep. In the middle of the night, an evil wind blew the door open and blew out the lights. As soon as Chong reached out to touch the child's head, the pillow flashed all over the floor, scaring Chong away. The next day, the couple told everyone about wrapping eight copper coins in red paper to scare them away. After that, everyone learned, and the children were safe.
It turns out that these eight copper coins were exchanged by the Eight Immortals to secretly protect the children. Because "pilgrimage" and "old" are homophonic, it gradually evolved into "lucky money" In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was called lucky money. What elders give their children is also called lucky money. "So some places call giving children lucky money' string money'. In modern times, it has evolved into a kind of red paper wrapped in 100 copper coins, which is given to the younger generation, meaning "long life". "For an adult mistress, put a silver dollar in a red paper bag, which means" one book is profitable ". After the currency is changed to paper money, the elders like to go to the bank to change their children into new paper money with face numbers, wishing them "promotion step by step".
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