Potato is an important food crop, to achieve high yield, how should be planted?

Linxia County, most of the area for the mountainous region, per capita arable land area, arable land soil layer deep and loose, soil organic matter content is high, water retention and fertilizer capacity, but because of the high altitude, low cumulative temperature, rainfall, sunshine, weed damage, wheat is prone to collapse, low crop yields, the masses of difficult life. Potato is the county's mountainous area second only to wheat and oilseed rape planting area of the main crops. Today we will look at, planting potatoes want to realize high yield, should be how to plant it.

1. Crop rotation inverted stubble, fine ground

Potato is not suitable for heavy stubble, picking cereal crops, bracts and beans food crop stubble to carry out more than 3 years of crop rotation. The previous crop was obtained in a timely manner after the fine sowing stubble, followed by deep plowing and fine cultivation of 20-30cm, standing soil and sunshine district, Nayu moisture storage, after the fall 耱平收墒. Underground pests are more serious land, spring plowing mu use 0.2kg phoxim or 2kg "3911" granules mixed into the mother soil turned into the soil layer.

2. Selection of good varieties

Different kinds of potatoes some are cultivated in different regions, so it is on the natural conditions and planting standards of adaptability, and natural conditions and planting standards of the provisions, usually will be different. Only when the conditions and standards adequately take into account the requirements of its physiology and characteristics, will it be able to give full play to the advantages of its species, including disease resistance, high yielding capacity and quality. Selection of Wei yam No. 2, Wei yam No. 8, etc., suitable for the excellent varieties in the township of Ma Nishi ditch.

3. Scientific fertilization

Deep application of base fertilizer, base fertilizer to organic fertilizers as the leading, the integration of the use of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. Generally a mu of organic fertilizer 3000kg or more, ammonium carbonate 30-35kg, phosphate 20-25kg, grass ash 200kg. planting to fast-acting organic fertilizer as fertilizer for high-yield effect is significant, the amount of fertilizer used can be mu Shi urea solution 2.5-3.5kg, phosphate 10-15kg, grass ash 20-50kg. generally in the seedling period moderate fertilizer seedling fertilizer, base fertilizer as the leading, with each other with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; in the ground buds when the fusion of loosening the soil to carry out fertilization, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as the leading, with each other with the appropriate base fertilizer.

4. Reasonable dense planting

Terraces, terraces should be dense, mountainous areas should be sparse, the whole potato planting should be sparse. Generally per 667m2 seedling 3500-5000 beads, multi-row ridge, wide rows: narrow rows and 60:40cm, hole spacing 45-50cm, double seed per hole; if the fertilizer is poor, wide rows: narrow individual behavior 60:30cm, 27-30cm per hole, single seed per hole.

5. Field management

Basically in the whole seedling as early as possible to carry out plowing loosening, generally in the bud to the bud before, plowing 2-3 times, plowing deep should grasp the "shallow, deep, shallow" standard. Loosening the soil can enhance the length of the upright stem to bear potatoes, promote the occurrence of axillary buds, which is beneficial to the production of rhizomes. General integration of the second and third plowing and loosening twice. Now buds and flowers fusion fertilization to carry out water injection, followed by an interval of 20d up and down water injection once, to get before 20d up and down termination of water injection, early bloom spray carbendazim to prevent late blight, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, doxorubicin, spraying treasure, etc. in order to adjust the growth and development of the crop and enhance the yield.

6. Ways to prevent potato degradation

Ways to prevent potato degradation are as follows: application of non-toxic seed potatoes, which is the successful measures to deal with potato degradation in the township of MaNiShiGou; the creation of streaming seed industry base, give degradation of light seed potatoes, which is also the MaNiShiGou township potato disease prevention of high-yield traditional experience; optional aphid prevention and treatment to reduce the transmission of poisonous media can reasonably alleviate the degradation.

In the more serious degradation of the region, according to adjust the sowing period, the rhizome production and expansion of fruit, allocated in the more wet and cold seasons, not only can avoid the continuous high temperature on the rhizome pregnancy of the hazards, but also can reduce the spread of transmissible pests, and thus enhance the potato's resistance to disease.

7. Conclusion

In recent years, potato cultivation technology promotion work has made some experience, but there are still some technical problems, has taken technical measures have not been widely popularized, and thus the yield with the advanced regions compared with a large gap. These problems are mainly manifested in: First, the advantages of varieties failed to give full play to; Second, the level of fertilization is low and the method is not scientific enough; Third, the mass ploughing and hoeing is not timely. As long as the continuous use of scientific research results, to prevent degradation of the integrated prevention and control measures to enhance the level of scientific farming, will be able to greatly improve the level of potato production.