Supply chain refers to the relationship network chain between an enterprise and its suppliers, suppliers of suppliers, and in this way forward until the initial supplier, and with its sellers, sellers of sellers, and in this way backward until the end user. Supply chain management ideas have become an important guiding ideology for today's business competition. The famous management master Drucker once said: the 21st century is no longer a business to business competition, but the supply chain and supply chain competition.

Inventory management is an important link to realize the value-added value chain. Under the traditional inventory management model, enterprises stand on their own, from the storage cost and ordering cost, to determine the economic order quantity and order point, focusing on optimizing the inventory cost of a single enterprise. Under the supply chain management model, the level of enterprise inventory will not only have an impact on its own costs, but also constrain the performance of the entire supply chain. Appropriate inventory levels can reduce inventory costs without affecting normal product production and customer service. Establishing an inventory that corresponds to the uncertainty of market demand is an important issue that business managers must consider when improving and optimizing their supply chains.

I. Characteristics of Inventory Management under Supply Chain Management

The goal of inventory management under supply chain management is subordinate to the goal of the whole supply chain, and through the planning, organizing, controlling, and coordinating of the inventory in the whole supply chain, the inventory at each stage is controlled at the minimum, so as to cut the cost of inventory management, to reduce the idleness and waste of the resources, and to make the overall inventory of supply chain to be reduced to the minimum. The overall inventory in the supply chain can be minimized. Compared with traditional inventory management, inventory management under supply chain management is no longer used as a measure to maintain production and sales, but as a balancing mechanism of the supply chain. Through supply chain management, the weak links in enterprise management are eliminated and the overall balance of the supply chain is realized. The theory of supply chain management is a development of modern management thinking, which is mainly characterized by:

First, management integration. Supply chain management will be all the nodes in the supply chain as an organic whole, based on the supply chain process, logistics, information flow, value flow, capital flow, work flow throughout the whole process of the supply chain. Therefore, supply chain management is a kind of integrated management.

The second is the expansion of the scope of resources. Traditional inventory management mode, managers only need to consider the effective use of internal resources. With the introduction of supply chain management mode, the scope of enterprise resource management is enlarged, which requires managers to take all the resources of each node enterprise in the whole supply chain into consideration, so that the resources in the supply chain can be optimally utilized.

Thirdly, inter-enterprise relationship partnering. Supply chain management takes the final customer as the center, takes customer service, customer satisfaction and customer success as the starting point of management, and runs through the whole process of supply chain management. As enterprises take the initiative to pay attention to the management of the whole supply chain, the partnership among member enterprises in the supply chain has been strengthened, and the relationship among enterprises has been changed from the original competitive relationship to a "win-win" relationship. The formation of the supply chain enables the enterprises in the supply chain to establish a strategic cooperative relationship, and through rapid response to the market, they are committed to reducing the overall inventory of the supply chain. Therefore, inventory management is no longer a measure to ensure the normal production and operation of enterprises, but a balancing mechanism of supply chain management.

II. Problems of Inventory Management under Supply Chain Management

Inventory management under supply chain management is not a simple demand forecasting and replenishment, but to improve customer service and increase the level of revenue through inventory management. Inventory management under supply chain management includes, among other things, the use of business modeling techniques to evaluate the accuracy of an enterprise's inventory strategy, lead times and transportation changes; the measurement of inventory economic ordering levels, taking into account the impact on the supply chain enterprise; and a full understanding of the inventory status to determine the appropriate level of service. Currently, the problems of inventory management under supply chain management are mainly in three areas: information, supply chain operations, and strategy and planning of the supply chain. These problems are manifested in the following aspects of content:

(a) not formed the overall concept of supply chain management requirements. Many supply chain management systems do not have a supply chain performance evaluation indicators for the whole situation, each node enterprise in its own way, resulting in the overall inefficiency of the supply.

(ii) the efficiency of the information transfer system underground. Supply chain inventory management emphasizes collaboration and information *** enjoyment, the demand forecast, inventory status, production plan and so on of each member enterprise of the supply chain. Enterprises have to respond quickly and effectively to customer demand, and must accurately transmit information distributed in each member enterprise of the supply chain in real time. At present, the information transfer system of many enterprises has not yet been established, and the customer demand information learned by suppliers is often delayed or inaccurate information, making it difficult to implement short-term production plans. Therefore, an efficient information transfer system should be established to effectively transfer supply chain inventory management information and improve supply chain inventory management performance.

(iii) Uncertainty in the supply chain. The reasons for the formation of supply chain inventory can be divided into two categories, one is the general inventory established out of the need for production operations, and the other is the insurance inventory established to guard against uncertainties in the supply chain. Enterprises are unable to take into account the impact of uncertain factors when making plans, such as fluctuations in demand due to market changes, shortages due to unexpected changes in suppliers, and production interruptions due to unexpected events within the enterprise, all of which will have an impact on inventory. Uncertainty is the main reason for companies to establish insurance inventory. Studying and tracking the impact of uncertainty on inventory is a major challenge for supply chain inventory management.

(iv) Lack of cooperation and coordination. Supply chain is a whole, which needs the coordination and cooperation of member enterprises to achieve the best operation. However, the lack of mutual trust among enterprises will increase the difficulty of coordination and cooperation among enterprises. Lack of mutual trust among enterprises is the root cause of unstable cooperative relationship among supply chain enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an effective monitoring mechanism and incentive mechanism between member enterprises to promote inter-enterprise communication and cooperation. It is much more difficult to establish inter-enterprise monitoring and incentive mechanisms than to establish intra-enterprise monitoring and incentive mechanisms for each department.

(E) product design does not take into account the impact of supply chain inventory. Modern manufacturing technology makes the enterprise's product production efficiency greatly improved, higher gross profit margin. However, the complexity of the supply chain inventory is often ignored, so that the cost savings in the product production process are offset by the cost of distribution and inventory in the supply chain. Therefore, the impact of inventory needs to be considered in the design of the supply chain structure.

Three, the way to solve the supply chain inventory management problems

First of all, it is necessary to establish the overall concept of the supply chain. To ensure the overall performance of the supply chain under the conditions of the realization of the inventory management cooperation between the supply chain members of the enterprise, it is necessary to analyze a variety of direct or indirect impact factors, such as supply chain enterprises *** with the same goal, *** with the same interests, the value of the pursuit and so on. Under the condition of full information *** enjoyment, through the coordination of the efficiency index and evaluation method of each enterprise, the member enterprises of the supply chain can reach the *** knowledge, set up the business philosophy of "*** win" from the perspective of the overall situation, consciously coordinate the mutual demand, and then establish a set of supply chain inventory management system to make all the participants in the inventory management of the supply chain. Participants in the performance evaluation content and methods to achieve consistency, fully *** enjoy inventory management information.

Secondly, the supply chain structure should be streamlined. Supply chain structure has an important impact on supply chain inventory management. The supply chain is too long, the relationship between the nodes is too complex, is caused by the poor transmission of information in the supply chain, supply chain inventory cost is too high one of the main reasons. Optimizing the supply chain structure is the key to ensure the smooth transmission of information from each node of the supply chain, and it is the basis for good supply chain inventory management. Therefore, should try to make the supply chain structure towards the direction of flat control development, streamline the number of nodes in the supply chain, simplify the relationship between the nodes in the supply chain.

Once again, the supply chain will be effectively integrated. Integration of supply chain links, is in *** the same goal based on the links will be composed of a "virtual organization", through the organization members of the information *** enjoy, capital and material transfers, optimize the organizational goals and overall performance. Through the integration of all links in the supply chain, to a certain extent, can overcome the complexity of the supply chain inventory management system on the impact of supply chain inventory management efficiency, so that the supply chain inventory management data can be real-time, rapid transmission to each node, thus greatly reducing the supply chain inventory costs, make a rapid response to customer demand, improve the overall performance of supply chain inventory management.

Four, supply chain inventory management operation mechanism

Supply chain inventory management emphasizes the long-term cooperation of each node enterprise, and needs a clear institutional arrangement to strengthen the durability of the cooperation of each node enterprise, in order to inhibit the opportunistic behavior of each node enterprise. North once proved: when the transaction cost is positive, the system is important. The establishment of a reasonable supply chain inventory management mechanism is an important method to keep the inventory management system of the supply chain running stably and healthily. The establishment of supply chain inventory management mechanism should be mainly from the following three levels:

The first level, the establishment of supply and demand plan coordination management mechanism. Including the establishment of *** with the goal of cooperation, inventory optimization plan and coordination and control methods, information communication channels, the establishment of the distribution of benefits and incentives and constraints mechanism, risk-sharing mechanism, in order to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of information transmission in the supply chain.

The second level, the establishment of supply chain inventory operation mechanism. Mainly includes the development of contract rules, collaborative trading rules, inventory information **** enjoyment rules, order processing rules, and accounts receivable, accounts payable financial settlement rules and other rules and regulations related to the operation of the inventory logistics in the supply chain, in order to ensure that the supply chain of the various nodes of the virtuous cycle of mutual cooperation and the smooth progress of production and operation.

The third level, the establishment of supply chain inventory management performance evaluation system. Such as the use of financial indicators, internal process evaluation indicators to assess the degree of cooperation between enterprises and business conditions. By analyzing and comparing the results of the assessment, we can find the problems in inventory management and take timely improvement measures.

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