first place: the founding prime minister-Zhou Enlai
Zhou Enlai (1898-1976): Yu Xiang, nicknamed Daluan. Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, I was born in Huai 'an, Jiangsu. The founding Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China, one of the main founders and leaders, a great politician, strategist and world-renowned diplomat.
Zhou Enlai's grandfather, Zhou Panlong, was a magistrate of Shanyang County. Moved to Qingjiangpu during the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty. Father Zhou Yineng married the daughter of Wan Qingxuan, the magistrate of Qinghe County. Zhou Enlai studied at home in his early years and went to Japan and Europe to study. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhou Enlai served as the prime minister of the government, served as the foreign minister from 1949 to 1958, and served as the vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, taking charge of the daily affairs of the party and the state. He died in Beijing on October 8, 1976 at the age of 77, and the whole country mourned. Zhou Enlai can best represent the personality characteristics of Huai 'an people, that is, the north meets the south, and the foreign country is round. It has both the northern people's bold and decisive temperament and the southern flexible and delicate Jianghuai temperament.
Huai' an's soil and water have been prime ministers since ancient times. Besides Zhou Enlai, Bu Zhi, the prime minister of Dongwu, is famous in history. -247), Chen Qian (211-292), Sima Wei, Cai Ang (1481-1541), a great scholar in Qing Dynasty, Wang Tingzhen (1757-1827), etc.
Today, there are Zhou Enlai's former residence in Hummer Lane in Huai 'an, Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall, Imitation West Flower Hall and Zhou Enlai Relics Exhibition Hall beside Taohua Yin; Chenjia Garden on the north bank of the ancient canal in the urban area is Zhou Enlai's childhood reading place, also known as Wan Mansion. There are Zhou Enlai's ancestral home and Zhou Enlai memorial hall in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Zhou Enlai's youth reading room in Baoying, Yangzhou, Zhou Enlai's Deng Yingchao memorial hall in Tianjin, Zhou Enlai's youth reading site in Tieling, Liaoning, Zhou Enlai Monument in Kyoto, and Duke Zhou's memorial halls in Nanjing, Yan 'an, Shanghai and Chongqing.
second place: three outstanding figures in the early Han Dynasty-Han Xin
Han Xin (? -before 196): the word is repeated, Huaiyin people. The founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty, one of the "three outstanding heroes of early han dynasty". China is a great strategist, strategist, commander-in-chief and military theorist in history. China's military thought "seeks the war" faction representative figure.
Han Xin used to work for Xiang Yu in the Great Uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty, but he left to take refuge in Liu Bang. During the battle between Chu and Han, he led his troops across the battlefield, defeated Wei to replace Zhao and Yan Ding to destroy Chu, and made great achievements for Liu Bang's imperial career. He was named King of Qi and King of Chu, and later named Huaiyin Hou. Mao Kun, an essayist in the Ming Dynasty, called him a "soldier fairy", and Chen Liang, a philosopher and writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, said that "the use of soldiers by faith is only one person in ancient and modern times". Some foreign experts also called him "the greatest strategist in the cold weapon period". Because of his contribution to Gao Zhen, he was finally punished for treason. During the Han Dynasty, the residents of Huai 'an were mainly adherents of Chu and Han countries and people from the Central Plains. Han Xin's personality was good at seeking soldiers, the country and the world, but not for himself, which best represented the influence of Chu culture in Huai 'an's early days.
Famous poets such as Li Bai, Cui Guofu, Liu Changqing, Wen Tingyun, Su Shi, Mei Yaochen, Yang Wanli, etc. all left poems to mourn when passing through Huaiyin. Idioms such as "a thousand dollars for a meal", "the humiliation of one's legs", "a clear path", "an ambush on flying daggers" and "Han Xin ordering troops" are all related to Han Xin. Today, in Huai 'an City, there are Xingwen Street, the site of the Xiaqiao Bridge, the tomb of the gourd ladle in Sanhuali to the east, the Hanhou Temple in the east of Zhenhuai House, the Diaoyutai in Han Xin, etc., and the Diaoyutai has Lianyun: "Qinghuai is fortunate to be handed down for generations; Years are ruthless, and how many fishermen have disappeared. "
third place: Wu Cheng'en
Wu Cheng'en (1511-1582): Ruzhong, born in Sheyang Mountain, from Shanyang County, Huai 'an Prefecture. China, the author of classical Four Great Classical Novels and The Journey to the West, was a great romantic writer in Ming Dynasty.
The Records of Huai 'an Prefecture recorded that he was "sensitive and wise, and learned a lot of books, which made a contribution to poetry." In addition to his eagerness to learn, he especially likes to search for strange things, read books such as immortals and ghosts, foxes and monkeys, which has a great influence on his creation of The Journey to the West. Around the age of 51, he wrote the first ten chapters of The Journey to the West, which was interrupted for many years for some reason. It was not until he resigned in his later years and returned to his hometown that he finally finished The Journey to the West's creation, which lasted for seven years. The Journey to the West is the peak of romanticism in China's ancient novels and a masterpiece of romanticism in the history of world literature. Encyclopedia of America thinks it is "a mythical novel with rich content and brilliant ideas", and Encyclopedia of France says that "the description of the whole story is full of humor and wit, which gives readers a strong interest." Since the 9th century, it has been translated into more than ten languages, such as Japanese, English, French, German, Russian and so on.
During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang moved more than 141,111 households to Huai 'an, which was the largest migration in Huai 'an history and promoted the cultural blending of Wu Chu. Wu Cheng'en inherited the context of Huai River and Huai River, and finally reached a great peak of romanticism in the late feudal era with the novel as a new literary genre. It is interesting that Shi Naian, the author of Water Margin, moved from Jiangnan to Huai 'an to avoid disaster after the defeat of Zhang Shicheng at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and completed the last chapter of Water Margin. Shi Naian's body was buried in Huai 'an after his death, and then moved to Shijiaqiao, Baijuchang, Xinghua, his hometown.
Today, there is Wu Cheng'en's former residence in Datong Lane, Hexia Ancient Town, Huai 'an City. The "Monkey King Family Art Museum" built by Mr. Six-year-old Tong contains a large number of artistic collections of the Monkey King, such as Facebook, props, audio-visual and Chinese and foreign celebrity calligraphy and painting.
fourth place: Mei Cheng, a great master of Han fu
Mei Cheng (? ~ before 141): Uncle Zi, from Huaiyin. Everyone in the Western Han Dynasty was one of the pioneers of Han Fu.
In his early years, he studied in Guangling, and worked as a literary attendant of Liu Ying, the king of Wu, and Liu Wu, the king of Liang. Mei Cheng's major achievement in literature is Ci Fu. Hanshu? Records of Arts and Literature recorded "Nine Poems on Mei Cheng". There are only three articles left today. Seven Hair is the first work that marks the formal formation of Han Fu. The full text is more than 2,111 words. Assuming that Prince Chu is ill, Wu Ke goes to visit him. Through repeated questions and answers, he points out the source of the disease and the treatment method, which shows that the joy of music and dogs is not as beneficial as the words of sages. Qifa is a work connecting the past and the future from Chu Ci to Han Fu, and later generations of authors imitated it, forming a special style of "Qi" in Fu.
Mei Cheng's youngest son, Mei Gao, has few words. Influenced by his father since childhood, he loves literature and is good at ci and fu. At the age of 17, he wrote to King Liang and was called Lang. Every time Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is lucky, patrolling and traveling, he must summon Mei Gao's attendants, and if he feels anything, he will be given a fu. In the process of serving for a long time, Mei Gao learned to be quick-witted, and the speed was surprisingly fast, far exceeding that of Sima Xiangru. At that time, it was known as "the speed of a horse is late". He is quick-witted and quick-witted, and people praise him with "writing immediately" Literature in the Han Dynasty flourished in Chu, and Mei's father and son were the most famous writers in Huai 'an in the Han Dynasty.
Today, there is Mei Cheng's hometown by Xiao Lake in Huai 'an, and there are ancient Meiting, Meigong River and Meili Street in Lianhua Street, an ancient town under the river, which are in confrontation with the fishing platform of Hanhou. In memory of Mei's father and son.
fifth place: national hero-Guan Tianpei
Guan Tianpei (1781-1841): Zi Zhongyin,No. Zipu, from Shanyang County, Huai 'an Prefecture. Patriotic star and national hero in the late Qing Dynasty.
in fourteen years, Daoguang was appointed as the prefect of Guangdong navy, that is, he devoted himself to strengthening the defense along the coast of Guangdong. Support Lin Zexu to ban smoking. Later, he devoted himself to the reconstruction of Weiyuan and Jingyuan forts in Humen fortress, and managed to add more than 211 powerful "foreign guns" to resist the provocation of foreign aggression. The British army launched a general attack on Humen Fortress, and Guan personally took command of Zhenyuan Fort, injuring more than ten places and personally fired back at the enemy. In the evening, when the British army broke into the battery, Guan Tianpei fought with a knife and was cut on his left arm. After being hit by a bullet, he still shouted to kill the enemy. He fought bravely alone in Jingyuan Fort, causing scars and dying. His heroic deeds have been widely celebrated, and he has been praised as a generation of famous soldiers with deep national integrity.
Huai' an is an ancient city full of heroic temperament. Another anti-Japanese hero, Zuo Baogui, married a woman named Tao, a Hui nationality in Hexia ancient town of Huai' an, and settled in Luojiaqiao in Hexia. After Zuo Baogui died in Pyongyang, there were no bones left. The soldiers of the Qing army only found his bloody shirt and a pair of boots, and escorted him back to his second homeland, Huai, and buried him on the east bank of Xiwei River in Luojiaqiao, Hexia Town. In the 21st year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty, Huai 'an people built "Zuo Zhong Zhuang Gong Temple" on the south side of the cemetery. Shen Kun (1517-1561), the champion of the Japanese invaders, was born in Bozhou.
Today, there are Guan Tianpei's Tomb, Zuo Zhong Zhuang Gong Temple, ancient mosque, etc.
Sixth place: all-rounder in the late Qing Dynasty-Liu E
Liu E (1857-1919): the famous E, whose name is Tieyun, signed "Hongdu Bailiansheng". Born in Dantu, Jiangsu Province, he was born in Liuhe and sent to Shanyang. The author of Travel Notes of Lao Can, the four major condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty, is a famous novelist, industrialist and epigraphist in the late Qing Dynasty.
Liu E studied with Li Guangxin of Taigu School in Yangzhou in his early years. He opened a tobacco shop in Huai 'an, but closed it without profit. Later, he went to Yangzhou to practice medicine, which was also rare. Later, he went to Henan to devote himself to river management, which made great contributions. Please write to build a railway, advocate and participate in foreign capital mining in China. He died in Xinjiang in 1919, and his body was transported back to Huai 'an. The next year, he was buried in Caowei, southeast of Huai 'an. Liu E was active and brilliant all his life. The novel Travel Notes of Lao Can is one of the four major condemnation novels in the late Qing Dynasty. His works on harnessing the Yellow River, mining coal mines in Shanxi, helping the victims in Beijing and discovering Oracle Bone Inscriptions have been handed down from generation to generation, including history, geography, river engineering, mathematics, medicine, music and agriculture. There are natural works such as Gougu Tianyuan Cao and Solitary Trigonometry, works on river management such as A Textual Research on the Changes of the Yellow River in Past Dynasties, epigraphy works such as Tieyun Hidden Turtles, Tieyun Hidden Pottery, Tieyun Mud Seal, etc., and poetry creation such as Tieyun Shicun.
In Ming and Qing dynasties, Huai 'an reached a political, economic and cultural peak due to canal transportation. The novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Peony Pavilion, Peach Blossom Fan, * *, Sanyan Erpai, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Scholars, etc., all have stories set in Huai 'an, among which the most famous is the great tragedy Dou E Yuan, which was created by Guan Hanqing, a great playwright in Yuan Dynasty, after his visit to Huai 'an.
Today, there is Liu E's former residence in Temple Lane in Shaohu Lake, Huai 'an, which contains a guqin played by Liu E, a gold nanmu Go table and a fur coat worn by Liu E. There are Doue Lane and Huai 'an Mansion in the south of the city.
seventh place: anti-gold woman-Liang Hongyu
Liang Hongyu (1112-1135): a native of Beichenfang, Shanyang (originally from Chizhou, Anhui). The famous anti-gold female general in the Southern Song Dynasty is a well-known generation of heroines in China.
in the late northern song dynasty, Jin bing invaded the south, and there was a mutiny in jianghuai. Liang Hongyu moved south with his family and went to Jingkou to work as a prostitute. After getting to know Han Shizhong. Liang Hongyu felt his kindness and committed himself. Han redeemed him as a concubine. Shaoxing went out of Chuzhou town with her husband for five years, and fought with Jin Jun, Huai Army in Puppet Qi Town and Shanyang. On August 26 of the lunar calendar, he was besieged by the Jin army and died of exhaustion. At the age of 33. Feeling loyal and brave, Jin sent his body back to the public, and the court heard the news with great condolences. In 1151, Han Shizhong died. The couple were buried together at the foot of Lingyan Mountain in Suzhou.
Today, there is a temple of Liang Hongyu in the fire temple of Beichenfang in Huai 'an, a tomb of the King of Song and Han Dynasty in Lingyan Mountain in Suzhou, and a wonderful high platform in Jinshan, Zhenjiang, which is the drum ground for Liang Hongyu to fight against the golden battle. Fried Pu 'er vegetables with Huaiyang famous dishes are related to Liang Hongyu.
eighth place: a poet leaning against the building-Zhao Wei
Zhao Wei (811-856): a native of Shanyang, a famous poet in the Tang and Five Dynasties. There is Weinan Collection.
when Zhao Wei was young, he traveled around. In the seventh year of Daiwa, he tried to be a scholar, and stayed in Chang 'an for many years. He went out to the rich and famous families to make a name for himself, during which he seemed to have been a shogunate for several years. After returning to Jiangdong, I lived in Runzhou. Zhao Weinan's pen is eager to cross, so five words are embarrassing, while seven words can expand. Dip in thick, full of noise, for stability in Mu Zhi, thicker than use. Good at seven laws, beautiful and novel style, intertwined scenes, skillful brushwork, and multi-chip sentences.
The famous poem "Looking at the Autumn in Chang 'an" "Clouds and things are sad and clear, and the Han palace moves in high autumn. When the stars are broken, the geese are jammed, and the flute is leaning against the building. " Du Mu loved his sentence "The flute makes one lean on the floor" and chanted it endlessly, calling Zhao Tuo "Zhao leaning on the floor" in the world. The idiom "throwing bricks to attract jade" tells the story of two poets, Zhao Wei and Chang Jian, who visited Lingyan Temple in Suzhou.
ninth place: Zhang Lei, bachelor of Su Men
Zhang Lei (1154-1114): Zi Wenqian,no. Keshan. Originally from Qiaoxian County, Bozhou, he moved to Chuzhou. A famous poet in the Song Dynasty, together with Qin Guan, Huang Tingjian and Chao Buzhi, was also called "Four Bachelor's Degree in Sumen".
Zhang Lei was influenced by the orthodox feudal poetry ceremony since he was a child, and he was educated as an official in Shanyang. When he was a teenager, he showed his inspiration for writing. "When he was three years old, he was good at writing" ("A Letter to a bosom friend"). At the age of seventeen, he wrote "Letter to Guan Fu" to tell the story of the population. He said in "Thinking of Huai Pavilion" that "it is also for Huainan people, who have been strong since childhood and are accustomed to Huai and enjoy it." In the fourth year of Xining (1171), Su Shi came to Chen Zhou to say goodbye to his brother before he became the general judge of Hangzhou. Zhang Lei was able to see Su Shi, and he was very popular. Since then, he has become a guest of the Su brothers. His life has experienced five dynasties: Renzong, Yingzong, Shenzong, Zhezong and Huizong. This is the era when the Northern Song Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline, and Zhang Lei suffered setbacks in his official career. Zhang Lei's poems are influenced by Ouyang Xiu, Mei Yaochen, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and others in the early Northern Song Dynasty in style, and learn from Bai Juyi and Zhang Ji, the great poets in the Tang Dynasty, in terms of materials and contents. Literary historians call his poems "full of meaning, like a prose with rhyme", and call them an outstanding poet with achievements in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Because he once served as a householder, people also call him Zhang Youshi. Because of its great appearance and burliness, people call it "Fat Fairy" again.
11th place: Master of Confucian Classics-Yan Ruoqu
Yan Ruoqu (1638-1714): There are hundreds of poems, and his name is Qianqiu. Taiyuan, Shanxi, lives in Shanyang County, Huai 'an Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. A famous scholar in the early Qing Dynasty, one of the most important representatives in the beginning of Sinology, and his works are Shuzheng of Ancient Books in Shangshu and Shangshu of Ancient Books. .
in the middle of the Ming dynasty, the imperial government implemented the policy of "opening China", and Yan Ju, the sixth ancestor of Yan Ruoqu, moved to Huai 'an in the early years of Zhengde to manage the salt industry, so he became a Huairen. At the beginning of the 8th century, the rule of the Qing Dynasty has stabilized, the economy has gradually recovered, and the ethnic contradictions between Manchu and Han have gradually eased. The ideological and academic circles are also in the academic thought and style of being pragmatic and opposed to empty talk at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, and they have turned to pay attention to Sinology and textual research. Yan Ruoqu was the forerunner of Sinology research in the Qing Dynasty. In the academic history of the early Qing Dynasty, Yan Ruoqu inherited Gu Yanwu and Huang Zongxi and enlightened Hui Dong and Dai Zhen. As a direct pioneer of Sinology in Qing Dynasty, Yan Ruoqu's contribution in the academic history of Qing Dynasty is indelible. Ding Yan (1794 ~ 1875), another master of Confucian classics in the Qing Dynasty, was named Jian Qing, Zhetang, and Shiting Jushi in his later years. Yi Huai' an people.
After Yan Ruoqu's death, Huai 'an people revered and missed him, and built a "Mr. Yan Temple" for him in Wenchang Palace, a new city, for people to mourn and sacrifice. The Yan Zhengjun Temple rebuilt by Guangxu is located in Yan Ruoqu's hometown, the top scholar in Hexia Bamboo Lane.
Eleventh: Seven sons of Jian 'an-Chen Lin
Chen Lin (? -217): Kong Zhang, a native of Sheyang, Guangling (Note 1). A famous litterateur in Han and Wei Dynasties, one of the "seven sons of Jian 'an".
He was the main book of General He Jin. Blades died, attached to Yuan Shao, in charge of the secretary. After Yuan Shao's defeat, he returned to Cao Cao, where he served as the air force's director of wine offering and record room, and also served as the door inspector. Chen Lin can write poetry, prose and poetry. As a representative poem, Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave is one of the earliest works of Yuefu poetry written by scholars. His prose style is bold, expressive and powerful. The representative work of Ci and Fu is Wu Jun Fu, which is quite magnificent and was also called a famous piece at that time.
Today, Baoying County in Yangzhou has a "building" with Chen Lin as the main body.