Young everything, dining for the big. September 17, by the National Food and Nutrition Advisory Committee specific guidance, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, organized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Institute of Food and Nutrition and other co-organized by the "2022 China Food and Nutrition Reform and Innovation Community Forum" was held in Beijing. At the conference, Mr. Mei Xurong, Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), released the "China Food and Nutrition Development Report 2022" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report"). The Report is tightly focused on promoting the implementation of the "big food concept", and gives a series of major policy proposals for the transformation of nutrition to physical and mental health. A reporter from the "Global Times Health and Wellness Mobile Client" interviewed the professionals who participated in the writing of the report and analyzed it in detail.
Sharp meat refers to pig, cow, sheep and other mammals muscle and visceral organs, containing protein food and heme iron, but saturated state fat content is high. Fatty meat mainly refers to other non-mammalian animal meat, such as seafood, poultry products, etc., with a relatively low fat rate, unsaturated fat content is high, is the best choice of healthy protein food from.
In 2019, The Lancet organized 37 top scientists from all over the world to give the "star body physical and mental health dietary pattern", proposing a daily intake of 14 grams of pointed meat (pork and beef), accounting for 32.6% of the proportion of meat food intake, and strongly recommended intake limit of 28 grams. Data show that in 2021, the average daily intake of meat food in China is about 126 grams, in which pointed meat accounts for 78.4%, which is 7.1 times of the amount shown in the "Star Body and Mind Healthy Dietary Patterns", and 3.4 times of the strongly recommended limit. Pointed meat eat too much not only cause overweight obesity, but also cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetics, cancer and other chronic diseases.
Zhou Lin, an associate researcher at the Institute of Food and Nutritional Development at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, told the Global Times physical and mental health mobile client news reporter that improving the concept of meat food consumption and increasing the proportion of consumption of poultry products with a lower fat rate can not only ensure that the population's intake of protein food, but also effectively reduce fat intake, which plays a crucial role in improving the nutritional and physical health of the population. Improve the nutrition of the population physical and mental health plays a vital role. In addition, fatty meat also has the advantages of high feed conversion rate and small environmental effects of network resources, which is a truly healthy low-carbon and environmentally friendly animal food. Therefore, the implementation of the "fat meat to improve" development strategy, is conducive to promoting the physical and mental health of low-carbon environmentally friendly meat food consumption way to establish.
"Fat meat to improve" development strategy mainly includes the following aspects; the development of the current policy to promote the development trend of poultry products and seafood; to enhance the breeding of livestock and aquatic products, breeding and rearing of the key core technology innovation; to promote the industry chain to the industrialization, standardization, artificial intelligence.
The "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022)" proposes that the average value of adult daily intake of 120-200 grams of animal food, equivalent to eating fish 2 times a week or 300-500 grams, 300-350 grams of egg food, and 300-500 grams of livestock and meat food.
Wheat, rice is the two most important types of grain in our country, but the production of white flour, rice link, lost a lot of B vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and phytochemicals and other beneficial substances of the body's health. In comparison, whole grains, sorghum rice and sweet potatoes (which can be referred to as coarse grains) have a somewhat higher nutritional use value, and are key types for enhancing grain structure and improving nutritional supply.
Huang Jiazhang, an associate researcher at the Institute of Food and Nutritional Development of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, said that in recent years, the improvement of daily living standards, we over-pursued the perfect taste and texture, and habitually ate refined rice and white flour, and pay attention to the number of coarse and fine collocation of the number of people on the low side, and the nutritional dietary recommendation standards differ greatly, and has become the main weak point of the completion of a balanced diet. According to a field study conducted by the Institute of Food and Nutritional Development of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in five provinces across the country, only less than 20% of the residents would match coarse grains with every meal. The Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents 2021 emphasizes that insufficient intake of coarse grains is a key source of risk for chronic diseases and death.
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has made species diversity a fundamental guarantee of food production safety and nutrition, and "five grains for nourishment" has always been an important part of the civilized behavior of the Chinese diet. The over-concentration of food species not only reduces the diversity of meals, but also contributes to social pressure on food production safety. To create a "third grain", to promote the grains and cereals to return to the main seat of the residents' table, to improve the level of diversification of meals, is an important way to balance the nutrition of the residents' diet, to enhance the industrial chain of economic returns.
The measures to promote the "third grain" include: upgrading the regional layout of coarse grains, building a whole industrial chain that integrates the new needs of residents' nutrition and health, and promoting the upgrading of industrial chain management; increasing the cultivation of fine varieties of coarse grains and excellent yield-enhancing high-efficiency production and manufacturing technological innovation, and upgrading the level of high-quality raw materials; and upgrading the core manufacturing and blending technology of coarse grains and improving the level of raw materials as early as possible. The core technology of coarse grains manufacturing and blending, improving taste and texture and absorption and digestion.
"Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022)" proposes that adults should consume at least 50~150 grams of whole grains and sorghum rice, and 50~100 grams of sweet potatoes every day.
Cheng Guangyan, a researcher at the Institute of Food and Nutritional Development of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, told the news reporter that the overall rate of food depletion in China is 14.7 percent, slightly higher than the global average (13.8 percent). From the link it seems that the key to depletion appears in front of the whole industrial chain, production and post-production treatment processes accounted for about 63% of the amount of loss, production and processing stage of the least depletion rate average value of 0.5%. Sub-category, the top three are vegetables and fruits, fresh fruits, seafood, the depletion rate were 25.9%, 13.1%, 8.1%.
According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geography and Resources typical big city survey, by the "face culture art" harm, big city restaurants food waste is more serious, the average number of food waste is 93 grams / meal, the waste rate is 11.7%, business hospitality, large-scale gatherings waste accounted for a higher percentage. In contrast, food waste at home is relatively limited, with a waste rate of 4.8 percent.
In China's food depletion and waste rate of 22.7% in total, the basic estimate is about half of the indoor space to reduce the odds, that is, 11.35 percentage points, can save more than 230 million tons of food, converted into calories 156 trillion yuan calories, can meet the nutritional requirements of more than 190 million one year to reduce the application of 250 million mu of arable land resources, 15,000 cubic meters of water consumption and 160 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions. greenhouse gas emissions.
Domestic is a modern agriculture and population of large countries, soil and water resources are relatively limited, food to improve the yield coefficient of difficulty is particularly large, reduce food depletion and waste to ensure food security and food system software sustainable development concept is essential. The following three aspects can be actively promoted in the work of reducing compensation: increase efforts to strengthen the food compensation infrastructure and scientific and technological support; reduce food mileage, reduce fresh agricultural commodities commodity circulation loss; multi-lift and use, all efforts to resist food waste; enhance the whole chain of food depletion and waste detection, the creation of a regular assessment mechanism.
"Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022)" proposes that when shopping for food, you should prepare a plan in advance, buy according to demand, store effectively, try to choose small portion sizes, and order according to need without wasting money.