Since the 20th century, the development of electric power has made all countries in the world enter the fast lane of manufacturing and production, and electric power has entered thousands of households, which has also brought about changes in technology and life.
Compared with the application in industry and technology, the most important application of electricity to human beings in daily life is always the use of lighting. The production and output of electric power has also become an important indicator of a country's productivity.
Nowadays, with the rapid development of the world, the energy consumption is huge, and the electricity consumption of all walks of life has increased dramatically. Coupled with the huge energy consumption and high pollution of traditional power generation methods, improving energy storage in power production and reducing resource waste and pollution have gradually become a common concern of human society.
The discovery of various energy-saving materials and the progress of power production methods have indeed alleviated the increasingly tense energy and power problems in the world to a great extent, but power saving is still an important way to save energy and protect the environment.
In order to save electricity and improve production efficiency, many countries in the world adopt daylight saving time. The purpose of this practice is to adjust people's work and rest to reduce lighting electricity consumption in the case of sufficient sunshine every summer.
What is summer?
1784 When Benjamin Franklin was the American ambassador to France, Franklin, who was used to the lifestyle of going to bed early and getting up early on American farms, wrote a letter of advice to the then Paris Magazine when he saw that the French were lazy during the day and had rich nightlife, thinking that the French lifestyle was extremely inefficient and consumed a lot at night.
If the French can go to bed an hour earlier every day and use this hour for weather production, it will not only improve the work efficiency during the day, but also save 64 million pounds of candles every year.
At that time, Franklin's suggestion was not adopted by the French, and was simply understood as a way to get up early and go to bed early. But this is usually considered as the earliest origin of summer.
The real origin of summer can be traced back to Germany in 19 16. At that time, the European countries in World War I had a huge crisis in coal, electricity and oil.
In order to make up for the consumption of resources by the war, European countries, led by Britain, have successively implemented the timetable of daylight saving time. According to statistics, only Britain can save 15% of gas and electricity by implementing daylight saving time. Power and natural gas companies can also make more profits by raising prices.
Later, France, the United States, Russia and other countries followed suit and adopted daylight saving time.
Today, many countries in the world still continue the summer work and rest pattern during the war. The fundamental reason is that summer can really play a practical role in energy saving.
Since March, 20 1 1, Russia began to use daylight saving time permanently, and decided to move the time forward by one hour instead of backward.
The Significance and Practice of Summer in China
It is obvious to take advantage of summer. As far as China is concerned, if we adopt the summer timetable, everyone can save 1 kwh of electricity every day.
If the actual population of the whole country is 65.438+0 billion, the working hours of 654.38+0.53 days in summer can save 65.438+0.5 billion kWh for our country every year, which is equivalent to 3.6 1 times of the total annual power generation of the Three Gorges Dam.
Since the use of summer vacation has so many benefits, why is it not widely used in China?
In the mid-1980s, the reform and opening up made China's economy develop rapidly. Thanks to China's demographic dividend, China has become the most important production and processing base in the century.
Due to the lack of power production capacity in China, it has seriously restricted China's economic development. Therefore, in 1980s, China followed the example of many foreign countries and adopted daylight saving time to save electricity.
But six years later, in 1992, China abolished the use of daylight saving time. Up to now, few people have made suggestions on the use of summer time.
Disadvantages of summer
In fact, the adoption of daylight saving time did solve the problem of power shortage in China to a great extent, but it also brought a lot of influence to the production and life in many areas of China.
As is known to all, China has a vast territory, with an east-west span of 5,200 kilometers. On such a long east-west span, it also spans nearly five time zones. In other words, when the night in the northeast is coming, it may be noon in the Pamirs in the west.
Although China has always used Beijing time as the national benchmark time, it is difficult to unify the daily routine in various regions objectively. If summer time is forcibly used, it will bring great inconvenience to the people in the southern region.
In addition, all regions in China use the AD chronology and the international time zone time based on the zero meridian of the Green George Observatory. However, in rural areas of China, the Gregorian calendar year and the lunar calendar time continue.
For a long time, China is a big agricultural country. Compared with the calendar year method and the international standard time zone time, the calendar year and lunar calendar time in China are more in line with the actual needs of agricultural production, and all regions will make adjustments corresponding to Beijing time when using lunar calendar time. So there is no need to force the promotion of summer.
On the other hand, with the improvement of our people's living standards. It has also greatly enriched the nightlife in many areas of our country. The efficient production and operation time of tourism, entertainment and catering industry is also at night. If daylight saving is adopted, it will definitely have a great impact and influence on these industries.
Therefore, after the implementation of summer vacation for six years, China cancelled the use of summer vacation.
In fact, in many areas of our country, working hours are set according to the local sunrise and sunset time every day, which is more in line with the actual situation in our country.
Therefore, although many areas in the world have gained considerable benefits from the promotion and use of summer vacation, it is not convenient for China to follow the practice of other countries due to special geographical reasons.
Many countries in the world also adopt a relatively flexible way in adopting daylight saving time. For example, in the United States, each state takes appropriate measures according to its own actual situation.
Alaska, USA, not only failed to adopt daylight saving time, but also failed to synchronize with new york standard time, because the time zone in the United States is as long as nine time zones.
Therefore, no matter how positive summer vacation is to production, all countries in the world should choose to use it realistically according to their own conditions, and don't blindly follow the trend. Otherwise, it is likely to have a serious negative impact on the country's economic construction.