Danger of kitchen fire and its preventive countermeasures ⅰ. Fire danger of kitchen
In the fire accident, the kitchen has become the main place of fire in public places, and the fire caused by the kitchen fire has caused a lot of property losses, casualties and some irreparable corporate brand image. Summarize the causes of the fire, mainly as follows:
First, there is more fuel. The kitchen is a place where operations are carried out with open flames. The fuels used are generally liquefied petroleum gas, coal gas, natural gas, carbon and so on. If the operation is improper, it is easy to cause leakage, burning and explosion. Second, the oil smoke is heavy. The kitchen has been dealing with coal and gas fires for many years, and the local environment is generally humid. Under this condition, the uneven combustion products produced in the process of fuel combustion and the lampblack produced by oil and gas evaporation are easy to accumulate, forming a certain thickness of combustible oil layer and powder layer attached to the walls, flues and the surfaces of range hoods. If it is not cleaned in time, it may cause oil smoke fire.
Third, the hidden dangers of electrical lines are great. The use space of the kitchen is generally compact, and there are many types of large kitchen equipment. Fire-fighting and electrical equipment are interconnected, and all kinds of wires, cables and patch panels are in disorder, which is easy to connect and strike a fire.
Fourth, improper use of oil will cause fire. Kitchen oil can be roughly divided into two types, one is fuel oil and the other is edible oil. Fuel oil refers to diesel oil and kerosene. Diesel oil is mainly used in large hotels and restaurants. Diesel oil has a low flash point, and it is easy to cause fire due to improper fire adjustment and placement during use. In some places, diesel oil is placed next to the flue, and the fire in the flue will also cause diesel oil to catch fire. Edible oil mainly refers to the oil used to cook food in an oil pan. Because the oil temperature is too high or improper operation, it is common that hot oil overflows the oil pan and contacts the fire source. If put out improperly, it will cause a fire.
Second, the basic countermeasures to prevent kitchen fires
First, strengthen the fire safety education for kitchen staff in hotels and restaurants, conduct regular or irregular training, and formulate corresponding fire safety management systems.
The second is to reduce fuels that are easy to accumulate oil pollution, such as diesel. The gas cylinders in the kitchen should be managed together, and there should be enough distance from high-temperature surfaces such as open flames or lamps to prevent the gas cylinders from exploding at high temperature, causing flammable gas leakage and fire.
Third, the cooking stove in the kitchen should be installed on incombustible materials, with enough distance from combustible materials to prevent burning combustible materials. The gas, oil pipes, flange joints and valves in the kitchen should be checked regularly to prevent leakage. If there is gas or fuel leakage, first close the valve and ventilate it in time. It is forbidden to use any naked flame and start the power switch.
Fourth, the electrical equipment used in the kitchen, such as electrical switches and sockets, should be closed to prevent water from infiltrating from the outside, and should be installed in a place far away from gas and liquefied gas cookers, so as to avoid sparks when it is opened, causing the leaked gas and liquefied gas to burn. All kinds of mechanical equipment running in the kitchen must not be overloaded with electricity, and attention should always be paid to prevent electrical equipment and lines from getting wet during use.
Fire extinguishing method of kitchen fire: once the pipeline gas and liquefied petroleum gas in the family kitchen are on fire, when other buildings and kitchen appliances are not lit, you can quickly cover the ignition point of gas bottle and pipeline with a towel in your hand and an apron around your waist to prevent burning your arm, and immediately close the gas valve to cut off the gas path, and then eliminate the residual fire.
Fire extinguishing method: If there is a fire in the family kitchen, the fire is not very big at first. At this time, you can directly cover the fire with wet towels, wet aprons and wet rags. Suffocate the fire, open the doors and windows, then close the angle valve of the gas cylinder, or find a tool to close the main plug valve on the kitchen gas pipeline that is difficult to close.
Comprehensive fire extinguishing method: If there is a fire in the family kitchen, if the fire spreads to the bedroom, or some furniture and clothes are lit, but the smoke is not strong and people can bear it in a short time, use water to extinguish the fire, smother the flame with bedding, or smother the ignition point of the whole steel cylinder and gas pipeline with wet clothes. If possible, or with the assistance of neighbors, put out the fire as soon as possible with household fire extinguishers, fire blankets and other equipment or equipment.
Isolation, plugging and fire extinguishing method: once the kitchen catches fire and the fire burns rapidly, the combustible substances in the kitchen should be isolated, that is, soaked with non-combustible substances, set up barriers, separate from the middle and spray water continuously; Block, quickly block the flame at the air leakage point to prevent it from spreading; Turn, when the smoke is rolling in the kitchen, the fire is getting bigger and bigger, and the line of sight is not good, you should spray water while looking for the cylinder. After discovery, first close the valve of the gas cylinder, put out the flame, and remove the gas cylinder to prevent explosion.