1) heart disease, high blood pressure, blood disease, cerebrovascular disease;

2) bronchial asthma, emphysema, tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis;

3) diabetes with complications, high-risk pregnant women;

4) suffering from severe colds and upper respiratory tract infections should be deferred to Tibet until the disease is cured;

5) severe gastrointestinal diseases, peptic ulcer, severe anemia patients.

Xu Chivalry suggests that you do a physical examination before entering Tibet.

Second, how to overcome the high reflexes

1) just to the plateau, will feel varying degrees of shortness of breath, chest tightness, dyspnea and other symptoms of hypoxia. But this does not mean that you are not adapted to the plateau, 2 to 4 days after the general can be improved or disappear;

2) General symptoms of high reflex will be produced in about 12 to 14 hours. Therefore, just to the plateau must not be strenuous transportation. Otherwise, once you feel the reaction it will take more time to adapt;

3) Oxygen inhalation can temporarily relieve the symptoms of chest tightness, shortness of breath, dyspnea, etc., but after stopping oxygen inhalation the symptoms will reappear again, which slows down the time of adapting to the plateau. If your symptoms are not very serious, it is recommended that you do not inhale oxygen, which will enable you to adapt to the plateau environment more quickly. Slight plateau reaction, will not cure itself, do not readily inhale oxygen, so as to avoid the formation of dependence;

4) into the Tibetan area to eat more carbohydrates, easy to digest food; drink more water, so that the body to maintain adequate water; the best not to drink alcohol and smoking. To eat more fruits, vegetables and other foods rich in vitamins;

5) pay attention to avoid excessive fatigue. The first few days after arriving at the plateau for the first time, do not take frequent baths, so as not to get cold and cause a cold. Colds are often the main cause of acute plateau pulmonary edema (which is not easy to heal under hypoxia);

6) During the period of plateau, the body load should not be too heavy. When you first arrive at the plateau, you can't walk rapidly, not to mention running, and you can't do physical labor. A week later, can gradually increase a certain amount of activity;

7) year-round adherence to physical exercise in good health, high reflexes may be very little, and can be quickly self-healing, but not to be careless and bravery, especially into the new altitude before the day or two of gradual acclimatization exercise, in the case of no acclimatization and preparedness, do not suddenly enter the region of more than 5000 meters above sea level. In short, it is vital to maintain a healthy and optimistic mindset, as long as you can follow the above points, you will be in Tibet soon after the drive away from the plague of plateau reaction, enjoy the ride and return.

Third, Tibet road introduction:

1) Sichuan-Tibet line is the most beautiful route into Tibet by land, but also a more dangerous line, the road condition is basically to gravel or stone road surface is mainly dangerous mainly from the natural conditions, this line across the Hengduan Mountain Range, the rainy season, many mudslides, more snow in winter sealed the mountains, on the way to the four seasons are unpredictable. Qinghai-Tibet line for Tibet road condition is better line, although every year in the non-stop road repair, but most of the road for the asphalt road surface, basically no danger, accommodation and dining conditions than other Tibet routes are ready, only the scenery is more bland, monotonous, than the Sichuan-Tibet, Yunnan-Tibet, the beautiful and dangerous scenery, and along the way to go through a few altitude of 5,000 meters of the mountain passes (Kunlun Mountains, Tanggula Pass), may have a certain plateau reaction. There is a certain plateau reaction.

2) Tibet's rainy season is mainly concentrated in July and August, a rainy season road conditions are very bad, unpredictable high, the first day of a good road surface, the night of a torrential downpour, the road may have been washed off, the two days may be roadless, or detour, but do not worry, Tibet's road workers are very much, and there are also the local garrison troops to help (some of them are to protect the local road). But don't worry, there are a lot of road workers in Tibet, and there are also local army troops to help (some troops are protecting the local road), usually, a few hours can be solved, as long as you are psychologically prepared for it.

3) into Tibet accommodation are basically guaranteed, the conditions are poorer like the West Daitan, Wudaoliang, Tuotuohe also have guest houses and military station can be accommodated. Catering is also no problem, along the way Sichuan restaurant and Hui people open a lot of restaurants, as long as it is not special desolate road, basically by the village or the troops place, ten minutes to eat hot rice or noodles, and along the way, there are many kiosks, you can also buy instant noodles or cookies.

Fourth, Tibet shopping guide:

A, Tibetan medicinal herbs are best purchased in the state-run pharmacy;

B, Buddha beads, eye of heaven, turquoise and other jewelry fakes are more, buy to pay attention to;

C, Tibetan knives must be mailed, can not be aircraft check-in;

D, no matter where and when you can bargain, as long as there is a courteous, usually with a higher success rate;

D, whenever you can bargain, usually polite;

E, Tibet, Tibet and the Tibetan people, the Tibetan army, the Tibetan army and the Tibetan people.

E, we recommend that you buy travel souvenirs in the tour is about to end a few days;

F, tsampa, ghee tea, yak meat, Tibetan noodles, sweet tea, barley wine are the characteristics of the Tibetan region.

F, Tibet driving attention

1) Tibetan mountain roads, many are unpaved gravel roads, happen to rain, small mudslides are frequent, if you want to have fun, off-road vehicles is definitely your best helper.

2) Calculate the daily schedule before departure, in the plateau, catch the night road is quite dangerous thing, not only the road is dangerous and easy to get lost.

3) Be sure to prepare a spare tire and learn some simple car repair skills.

4) The car also has plateau reaction, the most direct reaction is that the power is weakened, the brakes become soft, the noise when accelerating is weak, the control of the vehicle is not as easy as when we are in the plains.

5) driving in Tibetan areas, often run into cows and sheep crossing the road, pay attention to avoid cows and sheep is the driver's "vocation", if you are not careful to hit the cows and sheep, the consequences can be serious.

6) the best two or three cars all the way forward, especially important in the Tibetan area, the Tibetan area is sparsely populated, once lost even people can not see, not to mention looking for someone to ask for directions.

7) in the Tibetan area, once out of the basic day in the car, so a car best have two people can drive, change to drive to protect the safety.

8) over the mountain passes, the road twists and turns and dangerous, driving to be doubly careful, but the Tibetan drivers seem to have been accustomed to these, even in the curves, they dare to overtake, so in the curves when you must pay attention to the speed and observe each other's lanes and rear vehicles.

9) take the Sichuan-Tibet line into Tibet, it is best to prepare some cigarettes, candy and stationery gifts, etc., in order to hitchhike on the way or to thank the passers-by for their help, and when taking pictures in Tibet, you can also send some candy or stationery gifts to the local children.

Six, into the Tibet prepared items

1) clothing: assault clothing (red and yellow is the best), down jacket, sweat underwear, fleece jacket;

2) shoes and socks: waterproof low and mid-top hiking and mountaineering shoes, flip-flops, warm and comfortable socks;

3) hats, gloves, scarves, scarves;

4) sunglasses, the higher the ability of anti-UV the better, the larger the area of protection of the face. good, the larger the area to protect the face the better!

5) umbrellas and raincoats each 1 (rain gear, convenient shelter);

6) sunscreen: 30 times the sunscreen to prevent sun tanning;

7) moisturizing oil, hydrating cream, lip balm (the best sunscreen);

8) especially clean people can also bring a sheet or a sleeping bag;

9) insulated water bottle;

10) high-energy snacks (energy bars, chocolate, chocolate, and other snacks) snacks (energy bars, chocolate, beef jerky);

11) convenience foods (self-heating rice);

12) fruits (easy to keep such as: bananas, apples, oranges, etc.);

13) seasoned foods (Lao Gan Ma, squash, other vacuum-packed foods);

14) functional drinks + mineral water (vitamin drinks, Red Bull, etc.);

14) functional drinks + mineral water (vitamin drinks, Red Bull, etc.);

15) water (vitamin drinks, Red Bull, etc.);

16) water (vitamin drinks, red Bull, etc.) );

15) medicines: cold medicine, gastrointestinal drugs, analgesics, anti-hyperalgesia drugs (rhodiola rosea, inosine oral solution, oxygen-carrying tablets), dextrose powder, fast-acting heart pills, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, band-aids, vitamin effervescent tablets;

16) must carry: ID card, driver's license, driving license, insurance card, real name of the PetroChina gas card (can be exempted from the Tibet gas take ID card for record (can eliminate the Tibet gas take ID record trouble).

17) Most of the towns in Tibet only agricultural banks or credit union outlets can withdraw cash, the vast majority of places do not support credit card spending, but do not advocate carrying too much cash and precious jewelry items.

18) You can also carry a flashlight, batteries, knife, compass, matches, wide tape, anti-mosquito water and so on.

Seven, into Tibet vehicle inspection

1) before the trip must be a comprehensive check of the car, oil, glass water, brake fluid, clean up the engine compartment, wiper check, sealing tape check, brake system check, tank fan, belt, with the car tool check, chassis system, tire check.

2) the vehicle needs to be equipped with a tow rope, hitch line, pump, tire fluid, anti-skid chain, commonly used, fragile auto parts;

3) equipped with a spare drum of oil, a bucket of spare water, fuel additives (many places in the Tibetan area 97 # gasoline will have a temporary shortage of be sure to be equipped), fuse. The vast majority of places in the Tibetan area have Sinopec and PetroChina gas stations, 93 # gasoline supply is sufficient, 97 # gasoline will be a temporary shortage because of the traffic situation, plus 97 # gasoline vehicles must be prepared to gasoline additives or multi-way tablets to improve the oil.

Eight, the Sichuan-Tibet line speed limit:

1) Chengdu - Ya'an: the whole process: 141km, 90% of the road speed limit of 120, part of the road speed limit of 100, 80;

2) Jinshajiang Bridge to Mangkang: 70KM, the speed limit of 2 hours and 40 minutes, out of the city to change the speed limit strip. Tips: in the Jinshajiang River Bridge into the Tibetan border, here to check and register, please prepare in advance everyone's ID card and the owner's driver's license, driving license;

3) Dzongkha to Zuogang: the whole process: 110KM, out of the city to change the speed limit, the speed limit is 40 kilometers per hour (110KM);

4) Zuogang-Bangda: the whole process: 90km, in the middle of the road, but also to change the speed limit, speed limit 40 kilometers per hour. The speed limit is 40 kilometers per hour;

5) Bangda - Baju: the whole process: 70km, driving time about 2 hours 30 minutes, tips: 99 road turn very dangerous, less use of brakes, hanging low gears slow, when there is water, try to cool down the brakes, there is a speed limit. Every night after 8:00 pm, bangda set up guards prohibit traffic, the car is not allowed to go to baju;

6) baju - ranwu town: 90km, travel time of about 2 hours and 30 minutes, to change the speed limit, in ranwu to collect the speed limit;

7) ranwu town - midi glacier - bomi: 126km, travel time of about 4 hours, and in the middle of the change the speed limit;

8) bomi - tongmai Bridge: 90km, traveling time is about 3 hours, in the middle of the speed limiters;

9) Lulang-Linzhi (Bayi Town): 104km, traveling time is about 3 hours, in the middle of the speed limiters.

Nine, Tibet local customs

1) worship of sacred mountains: the vast majority of snow-capped mountains in Tibet in the hearts of the local people, are supreme. We need to pay attention to is not to use the finger to point to the sacred mountain, but should be palm up, five fingers together to signal, treat the temple, Buddha, the same way the streamers.

2) Mani Pile: In Tibet you can often see piles of stones, placed at intersections, or mountain passes, there are a lot of stones with nothing on them, but some of them are carved with beautiful Tibetan text or drawings. You may feel very curious, and even want to take a piece of home as a collection. But please note that this is very bad behavior, because the Mani stones and Mani piles are used by the local people to pray for blessings or disaster relief, and have a very important significance in the eyes of the local people. Therefore, you should never step on or pick up the Mani stones and piles.

3) White Pagoda: this is also in the Tibetan region can often see the scenery, and even can be said to be the typical symbol of the Tibetan region. There are many different shapes and styles of white pagodas, and there are many specific meanings they represent. The ones near the intersection are usually peace pagodas, and the ones near the villages are prayers for a good harvest. Encounter white tower, including Mani pile, need to pay attention to in addition to not pointing with the finger, but also pay attention to: be sure to go around in a clockwise direction.

4) temples: Tibetan temples are very many, there are many even religious and architectural classics, but there are quite a few taboos to enter the temple. The first is to take off your hat, then do not raise your voice, do not wear sunglasses. Many temples do not allow photos, especially in the main hall, if you need to take photos, make sure to ask the lama's permission. Some temples do not even allow women to enter, and some temples allow women to enter, but do not allow women in revealing clothing (skirts are not allowed) to enter, so please pay attention to the ladies themselves. After entering the temple, you can also use your hands to turn the drum, so that the drum can spread the scriptures to the sky, but remember to turn it in a clockwise direction. In the main hall, in addition to many statues of Buddha, there is generally a, or even a few higher seat, that is the position of the living Buddha or temple presiding officer, do not touch with your hands, the correct method is to put your hands together, to the seat to pay homage, if possible, you can also buy some hatha to pay homage.

5) When you meet locals, being friendly and smiling is the best way to express yourself. The simple way to greet them is to lift your fingers together, palm up a few times, and the other person will surely give you a smile.

6) Tibetan absolute taboos: forbidden to eat donkey, horse and dog meat, some areas also do not eat fish; toast, the guest shall first use the ring finger dipped in a little bit of wine popped into the air, three times in a row, in order to show the sacrifice to the sky, the ground and the ancestors, and then sip a mouthful of gently, the host will fill up in a timely manner, and then a mouthful and then filled up, and then drank three mouthfuls of wine to fill up the fourth time, it must be a drink.

7) food to eat not full mouth, bite not out of sound, drink not out of sound; drink ghee tea, the master poured tea, the guest to wait for the master hands in front of the face, to take over to drink.

8) taboos in the back of others spit, clap your hands; walking encounter monasteries, mani pile, stupa and other religious facilities, must be from left to right around; not across the law, the fire bowl; tube, the wheel shall not be reversed; taboo others touch the top of the head with their hands.

9) the best etiquette to meet the lama is hands together, slightly bowed head, do not shake hands, embrace; please avoid mentioning the crucifixion, marriage, etc.; inside the temple do not make a lot of noise or messy touch, such as encountering the activities of the Buddha, the best stand still and silently see or quietly leave; walking on the street in the Barkhor street must remember to walk with the Tibetans to turn in the direction of the clockwise direction, otherwise not only is it difficult to break out of the crowd, but also be seen by fellow Tibetans as the "Lama". It will also be regarded as blasphemy by Tibetan compatriots.

10) Some tourists peep at the sky burial without consent, and even show off the photos taken, this kind of behavior is not appropriate.

11) Be careful about what you eat in Tibet, try to drink boiled water and eat cooked meat. It is best to buy tightly packaged bottled water or drinks from stores in the city, otherwise try to boil and sterilize the water yourself and then drink it.