Latin scientific name: Arachis hypogaea L. Family: Leguminosae, Pteridophyllum subfamily, the deciduous peanut genus deciduous peanut fruit for the pods, usually divided into three kinds of large, medium and small, the shape of the cocoon, the beads and the shape of the stick. The cocoon-shaped pods mostly have 2 seeds, while the bead-shaped and club-shaped pods usually have more than 3 seeds. The color of the shell is mostly yellowish white, but also yellowish brown, brown or yellow, which is related to the variety of peanuts and soil quality. The seeds inside the peanut shell, commonly known as peanut rice or peanut kernels, consist of three parts: seed coat, cotyledon and embryo. The seed coat is light brown or light red in color. Within the seed coat are two cotyledons, which are cream or ivory in color.

Edit paragraph peanut - geographical distribution

Widely planted in all parts of the world, China is also much cultivated, the seeds for food or oil, stems and leaves are very good green manure. Flowers recurved after fertilization, and due to the elongation of the flower stalk so that the young pods penetrate into the soil to mature. Herbs low; stems often prostrate; leaves even-pinnate, with 2-3 pairs of leaflets, no stipules; stipules partly united with petioles; flowers solitary or several clustered in leaf axils, initially sessile but with a very long, petiole-like calyx tube; corolla butterfly-shaped, yellow, petals and stamens borne on top of the calyx tube; filaments united in a tube, anthers 2-typed; ovary with ovules 2-3; pods 2-3; ovary with ovules. The ovary has 2-3 ovules; the pods are oblong cylindrical, slightly moniliform, with reticulate veins, indehiscent, and mature underground. Peanut is a leguminous crop, one of the main oil varieties of high-quality edible oil, also known as "peanut" or "peanut". Groundnut is an annual herbaceous plant. Originated in South America, tropical and subtropical areas. About the sixteenth century into our country, the end of the nineteenth century has developed. And, since the 20 world 50's, our country 2 times unearthed the charcoal peanut seeds, provides as far as in the neolithic era has existed peanut physical information. Therefore, the origin of peanuts needs to be explored. Now all over the country are planted, mainly distributed in Liaoning, Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan and other provinces (regions). Among them, Shandong Province has the largest planting area and the largest production.

Peanut - medicinal value

Peanut fruit has a high nutritional value, rich in fat and protein. It is determined that the fat content of the peanut fruit is 44% -45%, protein content of 24-36%, sugar content of about 20%. And contains thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and other vitamins. Mineral content is also very rich, especially containing essential amino acids, have to promote the development of brain cells, enhance the function of memory. The seeds of groundnut are rich in oil, and the oil extracted from peanut kernels is light yellow, transparent, pleasantly aromatic, and is a high-quality edible oil. Peanut oil is difficult to dissolve in ethanol, people can identify whether peanut oil is pure or not by injecting peanut oil into 70% ethanol solution and heating it to 39-40.8 degrees to see how turbid it is. Medicinal Value From "Diannan Materia Medica" Pinyin name luò huā shēng Alias peanut ("Youyang Miscellaneous Chopsticks"), Lok Fa Sen ("Diannan Materia Medica"), Pandan, Tu Lu Zi ("Physical Knowledge"), Everlasting Fruit ("Ben Jing Feng Yuan"), Lok Fu Pong, Didou ("Dian Hai Yu Heng Zhi"), Lok Fu Sheng ("Liu Qitang's Experienced Secret Recipes"), Tudong ("Compendium Gleanings"), and Dijiao ("Nancheng County Zhi"), Nanjing Bean ("Nan Cheng County Zhi"), Nangdong Beans ("Nangjing Dou"). (Nancheng County Zhi), Nanjing beans (Botanical Dictionary), fango (Modern Practical Chinese Medicine). Source is the seed of peanut of Leguminosae. In the late fall, dig up the fruit, peel off the shell, take the seeds and dry them in the sun, commonly known as "peanut rice". Morphology: alternate double-pinnate leaves, leaflets 4, oblong to obovate-orbicular, 2.5-5.5 centimeters long, 1.4-3 centimeters wide, apex obtuse or apiculate, base attenuate, entire; petiole 2-5 centimeters long, covered with long brown hairs; stipules large, base and petiole base connate, lanceolate, 3-4 centimeters long, veins obvious. Flowers yellow, solitary or clustered in leaf axils, few sessile at anthesis; calyx tube slender, calyx teeth above 3 united, below one separated into 2-lipped; corolla butterfly-shaped, flag petals suborbicular, broad, winged petals and keel petals separated, 9 stamens, united, 1 staminode; anthers 5 torus-shaped, 4 suborbicular; styles slender, branching terminal, very small, sparsely fine hairs; ovary with one to several ovules, ovules after fertilization The ovary contains one to several ovules, and after fertilization, the ovary stalk elongates underground and develops into a pod. The pods are long ellipsoid, often narrow between the seeds, with a thick, leathery pericarp, with raised reticulate veins, 1 to 5 cm long, containing 1 to 4 seeds. Flowering period June to July. Fruiting September to October. Habitat distribution is cultivated all over the country. Seeds contain 40-50% fatty oil (see "peanut oil" for its composition), 20-30% nitrogenous substances, 8-21% starch, 2-5% cellulose, 5-8% water, 2-4% ash, vitamins and so on. Nitrogen-containing substances in addition to protein, there are amino acids, such as γ-methylene glutamic acid, γ-amino-α-methylene-butyric acid, lecithin, purines and alkaloids: arachidonine, betaine, choline, one said that arachidonine is actually impure choline. Among the vitamins are vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, biotin, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol. The seeds also contain triterpenoid saponins. Seeds of the cotyledons and embryonic axis part of the non-saponifiable part of the main sterols, has been confirmed to have soybean sterols, vegetable oil sterols, cholesterol and 24-methylated cholesterol. The testa contains lipids, of which 17.1% are hydrocarbons, 12.4% are sterol esters, 8.4% are triglycerides, 9.9% are diglycerides, 25.2% are monoglycerides and 3.9% are free fatty acids. Also contains a considerable amount of sterols, pyrocatechol-type tannins 7% and a small amount of ochratoxin and albumin, such as colorless cornflower, colorless delphinidin, but also contains goiter-causing arachidonin. The shell contains cardiovascular effects of glycosides (1,3, diphenylpropanediol-1,2-keto-3 substituents). Pharmacological effects ① hemostatic effect Initially found that oral administration of peanut rice can alleviate the bleeding symptoms of hemophiliacs, and later it was known that not only for hemophiliacs A (caused by the lack of factor VIII), but also for hemophiliacs B (lack of factor IX) is more effective for certain other bleeding patients also have the efficacy of hemostasis, but the effect on the severe bleeding, its effect is very poor. The peanut skins are 50 times more potent than the peanuts themselves, and much less potent (20 times weaker) when fried. A daily oral dose of 10 grams of extract of the skin is effective. Initially advocated the need for hexane extraction, now more ethanol extraction, that is, 200 grams of peanut rice frying, with 96% ethanol 2 kg dip 96 hours, daily stirring 8 hours, standing, filtration, evaporation of filtrate, residue diluted to 100 grams of 96% ethanol, 40 drops of oral intake, 4 times a day. The principle of its hemostatic effect has not been fully elucidated, and it has no specific effect on the blood clotting defects of hemophilia, and only reduces the bleeding symptoms and does not increase the plasma content of factor II～X in patients. Peanut oil does not increase the content of factors II, VII and X in rats fed a high-fat diet, and has no effect on human fibrinogen or factor VIII. Peanut rice skin can shorten the clotting time of hemophiliacs to normal, and it has been suggested that its hemostasis is related to vasoconstriction, but it has not been confirmed; now it is believed that its hemostasis is related to anti-fibrinolysis. Fibrinolytic activity of normal people, oral peanut skin can also make it lower (from 100% down to 40%). Peanut rice has also been shown to have this effect in normal and rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet. This effect is either due to its increased action as a meta-inhibitor of fibrinolytic enzymes or to its anti-proteolytic enzyme action. Semi-refined trypsin inhibitors isolated from peanut rice retard fibrinolysis and are more active than trypsin inhibitors isolated from soybeans. The "euglobulin clot lysis time" was also significantly prolonged in hemophiliacs. It has been suggested that the clinical efficacy of peanut rice in hemophilia is related to its cholinesterol analogs. In addition, it has been reported that its extract can reduce the "recalcification time" of hemophiliacs, accelerate the activity of plasma thromboplastin, and improve the elasticity of thrombus, and that the trypsin inhibitor it contains can delay the generation of thrombin in large doses, and that a larger dose can mildly delay the "tissue thromboplastin time", but it has no effect on the "thromboplastin time". It has also been shown in animals that aqueous peanut solution (10% 2 ml/kg) injected into normal dogs can shorten the clotting time, recalcification time, improve plasma tolerance to heparin, enhance thrombosis and prothrombin activity; it can also enhance the blood levels of factors IX and VIII if fibrinolytic activity is first significantly inhibited or fibrinogen concentration is reduced. In in vitro tests, it did not have any accelerating effect on blood clotting. In the early years, it was reported that the fat and most of the proteins removed from the peanut seeds in the leachate, heparin-like effect, can prevent blood coagulation. ② Other effects The seeds contain a certain phytohaemagglutinin, which can agglutinate human erythrocytes treated with salivarylase, an anti-P agglutinin. Peanut rice is easy to produce aflatoxin, can cause liver cancer. Taste and odor Glycyrrhiza glabra, flat. ① "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "sweet, warm, non-toxic." (2) "Food Tips and Cautions": "Flat in nature, sweet in flavor." Attributed to the "Materia Medica Seeking Truth": "Entering the spleen and lungs." Functions and Indications Moisten the lungs and harmonize the stomach. Treating dry cough, regurgitation, foot odor, and low milk supply in lactating women. (1) "Yunnan Materia Medica": "boiled in salt water to cure consumption, fried with dry fire to move blood, treating all the abdominal cold accumulation of belly pain." ② "Diannan Materia Medica": "tonifying the middle and benefiting the qi, boiled in salt water to nourish the lungs." (③) "Materia Medica": "tonifying the spleen and moistening the lungs." ④ 《Medicinal Compendium》："Harmonizing the spleen, sobering up wine, and supporting pox poisoning." ⑤ "Examination of Medicinal Properties": "Used raw to reduce phlegm, fried to open the stomach and wake up the spleen, slippery intestines, dry coughs are suitable for meals, nourishing dryness and moisturizing fire." (6) "Gleanings from the Compendium": "Eat more to cure regurgitation." (7) Modern Practical Chinese Medicine: "Treating foot fungus and lack of breast milk in women." Usage and dosage for internal use: Rawly ground into soup or decoction. Note that it is not suitable for people with cold body, dampness and intestinal slippery stool. Appendix ① Treatment of prolonged cough, autumn dryness, pediatric whooping cough: peanuts (remove the tip of the mouth), Wen Bing decoction of soup. (Apricot Grove Medicine) ② treatment of foot fungus: raw peanut meat (with clothes) three two, red beans three two, red-skinned jujube three two. Boiled soup, a few times a day to drink. (Modern Practical Chinese Medicine) ③ treatment of breast milk less: peanut rice three two, a pig's foot (with the front leg). *** stewed. (Lu Chuan Materia Medica) ① "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "Chang Sheng Guo, can strengthen the spleen and stomach, diet is difficult to eliminate the appropriate. Or cloud and cucumber opposite, I have eaten the two, did not suffer, because the table out of the." ② "Materia Medica seek the truth": "peanuts, according to the book that this aroma can comfort the spleen, pungent can moisten the lungs, sincere good, but the cloud fried food is harmless, the theory is also not week. Cover this odor is pure, not equal to the heat of walnut meat, not similar to taro, rhododendron cool, food is fragrant and lovely, suitable for tea, the most appropriate. This body moist quality slippery, applied to the body dry solid can be applied to the body cold and wet stagnation, the gas is not transported, wantonly munching endlessly, to ensure that no harm to the spleen and intestines of the disadvantages of slippery? Still should be from the body gas to identify, then get it." Clinical applications ① treatment of various hemorrhagic disorders will be made of peanut clothing 100% injection, generally a small amount of hemorrhagic intramuscular injection 1 to 2 times a day; each time 2 to 5 milliliters. Usually within 1 to 2 days can receive the effect of hemostasis. Severe hemorrhage can be injected intravenously, 1 to 2 times a day, each time 20 to 40 ml, in a few hours to 12 hours to stop bleeding. It has been used in 285 cases of internal, pediatric, external, obstetrics and gynecology hemorrhage, and more than 80% of the cases have obtained more satisfactory hemostatic effect. Especially for hemophilia, primary and secondary thrombocytopenic purpura, bleeding liver disease, bleeding after surgery, cancer bleeding and stomach, intestines, lungs, uterus and other internal bleeding bleeding hemostasis is more obvious. ② treatment of chronic bronchitis Take 2 tael of fallen peanut clothes, add water and decoct for about 10 hours or more, filter, concentrate to 100 ml, add sugar. Served 2 times a day, 10 days for a course of treatment. Treatment of 407 cases, the recent control of 8 cases, 74 cases of apparent effect, 230 cases of improvement, 95 cases of ineffective. ③ treatment of frostbite peanut skin fried yellow, research into fine powder, each 50 grams of vinegar 100 ml into a paste, another 1 gram of camphor, with a small amount of alcohol dissolved into the mix. Coated in frostbite thick 1 layer, wrapped in cloth. Treatment of more than 50 cases, generally 2 to 3 days to heal.

Edit Paragraph Watson-Writer Xu Dishan

Introduction

Xu Dishan (1893-1941), a modern writer and scholar. His name is Zhan Koon, his character Dishan, and his pen name is Lok Wah Sang. Originally from Jieyang, Guangdong, he was born in Tainan, Taiwan, to a family of patriotic aspirants. After returning to the mainland, he settled in Longxi, Fujian Province, and after graduating from high school in 1910, he worked as a teacher and middle school instructor; he was admitted to the Faculty of Letters of Yenching University in 1917, and graduated in 1920 and stayed at the university to teach. During this period, he and Zhai Qiubai and Zheng Zhenduo co-hosted the "New Society" periodical and actively publicized the revolution. "In January 1921, he and Shen Yanbing, Ye Shengtao, Zheng Zhenduo and 12 others initiated the establishment of the Literary Research Society in Beiping and founded the Novel Monthly; in 1922, he entered the Department of Philosophy at the Columbia University Graduate School of Philosophy in New York City, where he studied the history of religions and comparative religions, and was awarded the degree of Master of Arts. Later, he was transferred to Mansfield College, Oxford University, England, where he studied religious studies, Indian philosophy, Sanskrit, anthropology, and folklore. In 1927, he returned to China and served as an associate professor and professor in the Faculty of Letters and the Faculty of Religion at Yanjing University, while devoting himself to literary creation. In 1935, he was recruited as the Head Professor of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Hong Kong, and moved his family to Hong Kong. During his stay in Hong Kong, he was also the chairman of the Sino-British Cultural Association of Hong Kong. After the July 7th Incident in 1937, he published articles and gave speeches to publicize anti-Japanese resistance and oppose surrender. When the "South Anhui Incident" occurred, he and Zhang Yicheng called on Chiang Kai-shek to call for unity, peace, and an end to the war. At the same time, he became the executive director of the Hong Kong branch of the All-China Literary and Artistic Society against the Enemy, campaigning for the cause of anti-Japanese and salvation of the country and carrying out all kinds of organizational and educational work. He died of overwork. Xu Dishan's literary works were mostly set in Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Southeast Asia and India, and his major works include The Spiritual Rain on the Empty Mountain, The Spider in the Spliced Web, The Dangerous Nest and the Falling Cylinder, The History of Taoism, The Collection of Daji, and The Literature of India; and translations such as Twenty Nights of Questioning, The Descent from the Bottom of the Sun, and Folk Tales of Bengal.

Xu Dishan's Translations

Xu Dishan was a great admirer of Rabindranath Tagore, India's "Sage of Poetry". He loved Tagore's works, so he translated Tagore's poems, novels and essays, such as Gitanjali (unpublished), On the Way to Calcutta (in Novel Monthly, Vol. 12, No. 4), and Master, Take My Lute (in Novel Monthly, Vol. 22, No. 1). Because of his love for Tagore, he also aroused his strong interest in Indian literature. 1928 he translated the Bengal Folk Tales, 1930, published a monograph Indian Literature, 1934, and translated the Indian stories "Sun bottom falling", "twenty night questions", etc., thus becoming a famous expert in Indian literature. After several years of hard work, Xu Dishan's efforts for Sino-Indian cultural exchanges bore fruit. According to statistics, during the years after Xu Dishan returned from England (from 1927 to 1935 when he left Yanjing University), he wrote 8 academic papers and 5 academic treatises. Among them, Indian Literature, published in 1930, was the first monograph on the history of Indian literature written by Chinese themselves. This work is inseparable from his profound literary and translation skills. At the beginning of the 30s, Ke Zhenghe of the Beiping Chinese Music Society edited "A Collection of One Hundred Songs of the World", *** divided into ten books of ten songs each (published by the Beiping Chinese Music Society in October 1932), of which the lyrics of the ten songs in the first book were all translated by Xu Dishan, with a Preface and Ke Zhenghe's Preface in front of the book and an explanation of the lyrics in the back of the book written by Xu Dishan. Little is known about Xu Dishan's playing, studying, teaching and composing music, which he wrote about in his Preface. He began studying music before he became a rowdy student at the Guangzhou Temple of Literature. He was good at the pipa and could compose music and lyrics (although the work he was engaged in seemed to be incompatible with music, he attached great importance to music and music education). At the same time, Xu Dishan was well-versed in music and rhythm, familiar with Western music and Western folk songs, and he was especially passionate about the music of England, Germany, France, Russia, Scotland, Austria, Italy, Spain, etc., which is evidenced by his translation of these ten famous songs. These ten famous songs, except for "The boat swings like a cradle", are all love songs. Some of them are about the sincere and burning emotions of passionate love: "Hot hands hold each other. The lips tremble endlessly. The faintest sound is like a song, and it comes from me; you don't want anything in the world, but I am all you want." ("Once More!") There is also a poem about the love of lovers after parting: "The wild birds are singing, the wild flowers are opening, and the water is as calm as sleep under the sunlight, though I can imagine that the joy of the world can wipe out the sorrows. Although the joy of seeing can eliminate the sorrow, the mood of disappointment does not hope for the return of spring" ("Luolumeng"); there are writing about the old feelings in life: "Can you forget your old friends and not put them in your heart? Can you forget your old friends and old times? Old times, I love, old times, we have to drink to it." ("Can You Forget Old Time Friends?") . From his translation of the lyrics of these ten songs and the Preface, one can feel his sincere love for life and his characteristic earthly feelings. Without his devotion to art and rich life experiences, it is hard to imagine that he could have translated such elegant and sentimental world famous songs. For Xu Dishan, translation is also the creation of art. Therefore, after Xu Dishan met with Ke Zhenghe, a musician whom he admired, he talked about music education and shared the same opinion. Ke Zhenghe asked him to translate Western music, and he agreed to do so. He said in the "Preface" of the first volume of "One Hundred Songs of the World": "In the fifteenth year of the Republic of China, I returned to China from Europe, and went to a school run by overseas Chinese to look for a few of my old colleagues, and we had already been separated for more than ten years. However, the songs taught in that school were not only the same as those of ten years ago, but also the same as those I had learned in my elementary school days. I asked them why they did not teach anything new, but they asked me where the new ones came from. This made me feel that I had to organize a music school. However, although my interest in music is there, my knowledge of music is not enough to advocate it. Here, it is not difficult for us to appreciate Xu Dishan's good intention to popularize music education, and we can see that Xu Dishan did use his pen to translate and introduce good western music works for us.

The translation style of Xu Dishan

In this connection, I would like to quote a passage from Xu Dishan's Bengali Folk Tales: "This translation is based on the 1912 McMillan text. I did not translate word by word and sentence by sentence, but only wrote out the meaning of each story in a straightforward manner. As for the original language, there are some additions and deletions in the translation, because the compilation of folktales is only for the sake of clarity, and there is no need to scrutinize word by word, as in the rest of the articles. My motivation for translating these twenty-two stories is, firstly, that I am very interested in the study of "Folk-Lore", and I feel that many Chinese folktales have been transferred from India, so it would be very useful for the study of Chinese Folklore to translate more stories from India. For the study of Chinese folklore must be very helpful, secondly, because in the spring of this year, Zhizi asked me to read a novel, I myself have not been writing for a long time, and I can not write a lot, so I might as well use two or three months to translate one or two dozen stories for her to read, and it would be better to make her satisfied." After reading this passage, it is not difficult for us to realize Xu Dishan's style of translation-plain and true, just like his person. Of course, the style of translation is closely related to the genre of the translated text, which Xu Dishan is familiar with, and the translation of the book Bengali Folk Tales is simple. Here is another translation of a German folk song by Xu Dishan, from which we can appreciate his skillful translation and solid writing skills: Nocturne The moon rises at the end of the summer night, on the top of a silent mountain; the distant trill is low, the nightingale's cry. Sing it, happy nightingale! Sing it in the silver light, This dreamy summer night, we can hear no other sound. The western sky is cloudy, and darkness seems to descend. Halt! Don't come near to hide a moment's love of light. Stop! The moon rises in the summer night, On the silent mountain-top; Far away the trill is low, The nightingale's whimpering, The nightingale's whimpering, Sing on, happy nightingale! Sing, happy nightingale, sing in the silver light, This dreamy summer night, we can hear no other sound. Happy bird, sing to us! Happy bird, sing to us! At the same time, we can find that the main purpose of Xu Dishan's translation is to introduce and disseminate exotic cultures and promote the development of Chinese culture. His translations of Bengali Folk Tales and Twenty Nights of Questions have important academic value for the study of Chinese folklore; the translation of famous Western songs has also played a certain role in popularizing music education in China. "Lok Fa Sang spent his whole life in pursuit of truth and progress, and he was a tireless teacher. His untimely death is indeed an irreparable loss to the literary and academic world. His passionate advocacy of the "Peanut Spirit" is invaluable and y rooted in people's hearts. His translations will be forever honored.

Bibliography

The Outline of Language and Style 1921, Life The Spider with the Web 1925, Business The Merchant Woman 1925, Business The Rain of the Empty Mountain 1925, Business The Undeliverable Mail 1925, Business Indian Literature 1930, Business The Liberator 1930, Business Short Stories 1933, Beijing Cultural Society The Liberator (a collection of short stories) 1933, Nebula Bookstore, Beiping History of Taoism (a collection of short stories) 1934, Business Spring Peach (a collection of short stories) 1935, Life Lok Wah Sang Selected Writings (short stories and essays) 1936, Imitation of Antiquity Bookstore, Shanghai A Study of Fu Kei's Superstitious Beliefs 1941, Business Fluorescent Lanterns (a collection of children's stories) 1941, Hong Kong Progressive Education Publishing House The Collected Literature of Xu Dishan 1941, Hong Kong New Literature Society Chinese Essence and Nationalism (an essay) 1941, Hong Kong New Literature Society Chinese Essence and Nationalism (Essays) 1946, Business Miscellaneous Feelings 1946, Business Dangerous Nest Falls Simple (Short Stories) 1947, Business Xu Dishan Selected Works (Short Stories, Essays) 1951, Kaiming Xu Dishan Selected Works (Short Stories, Essays, etc.) 1952, Humanities Buddhist Collection of Subtitles Cited (Upper, Middle and Lower), 1923, Yanda University Library, Codification Division Lok Fa Sang Dajing Jie Codification. Bengali Folk Tales by Dabahari, 1929, Business Twentieth Night, edited by Bain, England, 1955, Writers Daiyangdi Falling, edited by Bain, England, 1956, Writers

Chronology of Xu Dishan's Translations

1. On the Way to Calcutta, by Rabindranath Tagore, April 1921, Novels Monthly, Volume 12, No. 4, 2. The Bat and the Eloquent Golden Silk, by Rabindranath Tagore, April 1921, No. 4, Volume 12, 2. The Bat and the Eloquent Golden Bird June 1924 Fiction Monthly, Vol. 15, No. 6 3. The Moon Song June 1925 Fiction Monthly, Vol. 16, No. 5 4. The Love Lives of European and American Celebrities November 1928 Fiction Monthly, Vol. 19, No. 11, No. 12 5. Bengal Folk Tales [According to Lal Behari Day's compilation "Folk Tales of Bengal" 1929]. Lal Behari Day), 1st edition, November 1929, 6th edition, August 1956, The Commercial Press 6. Master, Take My Lute (by Rabindranath Tagore), January 1931, Novel Monthly, Vol. 22, No. 1 7. The Love Story of the Sage of Music, Pederfan, ibid. 8. The Bottom of Civilization: The Future of Civilization, 1931, Peking Morning Post 9. The Twentieth Night Question [according to "The Stories of India" compiled by Bain]. ("The Stories of India" F.W. Bain) volume 1 translation] January 1955, the first edition, Writers Publishing House 10. sun bottom descending [according to the same book volume 8 translation] May 1956, the first edition, Writers Publishing House

Edit paragraph works of the same name

Falling peanuts Xu Dishan Our family's backyard has a half acre of open space, said his mother: Our mother said, "It's a shame to let it lie fallow. You guys love peanuts so much, so let's open it up and plant peanuts." We siblings were all very happy, bought seeds, turned the ground, sowed, watered, and within a few months, actually harvested. Mother said, "Let's have a harvest festival tonight and invite your father to taste our new peanuts too, okay?" We all said yes. Mother made several kinds of food from the peanuts and ordered that the festival be held at the thatched pavilion in the back garden. The evening was not so good, but Father came too, which was rare. Father said, "Do you like peanuts?" We scrambled to say, "Yes!" "Who can tell us the good things about peanuts?" My sister said, "Peanuts have a beautiful flavor." My brother said, "Peanuts can be used to make oil." I said, "Peanuts are cheap and anyone who can buy them can eat them and like them. That's the good thing about it." My father said, "There are many advantages of peanuts, but one is the most valuable: its fruits are buried in the ground, unlike peaches, pomegranates, and apples, which hang their bright red and tender green fruits high on the branches and make people adore them as soon as they see them. You see it grows short on the ground, and when it is ripe, you can't tell right away whether it has fruit or not; you have to dig it up to find out." We all said yes, and Mother nodded. Father went on to say, "So you should be like the peanut, which is not pretty but is useful." I said, "Then one must be useful, not someone who is only decent but not beneficial to others." Father said, "Right. This is my hope for you." We talked late into the night before dispersing. The food made from peanuts was all eaten, but my father's words were y imprinted on my heart. Main point: We planted and harvested peanuts. Then Mother suggested a harvest festival and made preparations for it. During the harvest festival, father and we talked about peanuts while eating peanuts. Plot: The peanut has many benefits, and one is most valuable: its fruit is buried in the ground, unlike peaches, pomegranates, and apples, which hang their bright red and tender green fruits high on the branches, making people adore them at first sight. You see it grows short on the ground, and when it is ripe, you can't tell immediately whether there is fruit or not, you have to dig it up to find out. Inspiration: Men, be useful, not men of honor, but of no profit to others. So you should be like the peanut, which is not pretty, but useful. We should be like the peanut, with the spirit of simplicity, obscurity, selflessness, without fame and fortune, without publicity.