Waste oil, the garbage flowing quietly in urban sewers. Some Taoist priests processed it into "cooking oil" on the table. They fished out a lot of dim, turbid and reddish paste from there every day. These foul-smelling garbage can be turned into clear "edible oil" after only one night of filtration, heating, precipitation and separation, and finally returned to people's dining tables through low-price sales. This three-no product, called "waste oil", is still composed of triglycerides, but the toxic substances that cause disease and cancer are much more than the real edible oil. When it comes to "gutter oil", people's first reaction is that "gutter oil" is a kind of non-edible oil with poor quality and extremely unsanitary. As people think, once you eat "gutter oil", it will destroy people's white blood cells and digestive tract mucosa, causing food poisoning and even serious consequences of cancer. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to use "gutter oil" in the field of edible oil. However, driven by interests, there are indeed some unscrupulous traders who disregard people's lives and process "gutter oil" privately and sell it to some small restaurants as edible oil at low prices, which has brought great harm to people's body and mind. Therefore, the name "gutter oil" has become synonymous with all kinds of inferior oil that brings harm to people's lives. Academician's research results "Many people wish there were no food additives. In fact, there would be no modern food without food additives. " Sun explained that there would be no food safety without food additives. Take edible oil as an example. If you eat oil before, it will go bad the next year, but you still have to eat it. Now the shelf life of edible oil can be longer due to the addition of antioxidant components. In addition, both soy sauce and vinegar have preservatives, which will not go bad after a long time. "If you don't add preservatives, it will be more harmful for people to eat spoiled food!" Some experts said that up to now, the food safety incidents that caused adverse effects in China were not caused by food additives. Sun believes that food additives are "scapegoats" in many food safety incidents. Sun believes that "human" problems such as poor supervision and weak self-discipline of enterprises have led to frequent food safety accidents. In fact, "Clenbuterol is also used to raise pigs in the United States, but it has not caused a big incident. Because they are intensively cultivated, if they knew that the pigs would be sold in a few weeks, they would not be fed lean meat. At the time of sale,' Clenbuterol' has been excreted. "

Edit the specific classification of this paragraph.

Gutter oil (in fact, it is a general concept, and it is a general term for all kinds of inferior oils in people's lives. Gutter oil can be divided into three categories: first, gutter oil in a narrow sense, that is, oily floating objects in sewers or leftovers from hotels and restaurants (commonly known as swill) are simply processed and refined. The second is the oil produced by the processing and refining of inferior pork, pig offal and pig skin. Third, the oil used for fried food should be reused after a certain number of times, or some new oil should be added. When law enforcement officers check, they use the test paper for rapid detection of edible oil rancidity to compare whether the peroxide value and acid value of the detected oil exceed the standard, and once it exceeds the standard, it can be determined that it is a problem oil.

Edit the five major flows of this paragraph.

1. Restaurant → collector → restaurant, restaurant (low price) → customer table 2. Production of mineral processing collectors (new technology) 3. Farms (livestock feed) 4. Chemical plant (production of chemical products). Factory and school canteens.

Edit this paragraph for reasonable application.

Waste oil can be used to produce biodiesel, which is a nerve-racking thing. The best solution is to recycle and turn waste into treasure. How to "turn waste into treasure"? Fujian Zhuoyue New Energy Development Co., Ltd. has found a new way. They successfully extracted biodiesel from waste animal and vegetable oils by using self-developed technology and equipment, and took the lead in realizing industrialization in China. Waste oil map

According to experts, after the waste oil is added into the reaction tank, alcoholysis and esterification can be carried out at the same time through the technology of slightly acidic catalyst, and the reaction speed is obviously accelerated. In addition, the key problem of high residual acid value in diesel oil production from waste animal and vegetable oil is solved by using metal salt treatment agent. These two key technologies can reduce the production cost of biodiesel and make biodiesel enter the production workshop from the laboratory. The biggest feature of this fuel is its good environmental protection. The tail gas emitted by diesel vehicles does not contain sulfur dioxide, and hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are greatly reduced. In the process of studying the project of producing biodiesel from waste oil, technicians found that how to extract waste oil from the garbage in the grease trap is a difficult point that hinders the development of the project. After studying the characteristics of waste oil, technicians developed a green waste treatment device with zero energy consumption and zero pollution under the guidance of fuzzy mathematics and biochemistry. Professor Wang Huajun from the Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing and others have successfully developed a comprehensive utilization technology for preparing mineral processing reagents from waste oil, which can produce fatty acids and sodium fatty acids for mineral processing with little secondary pollution. In 2009, University of Science and Technology Beijing carried out the research on using fatty acids decomposed from "gutter oil" as mineral collectors, and achieved satisfactory experimental results. At present, this technology has been applied in some iron and steel enterprises and is applying for national patents. According to reports, fatty acids are commonly used mineral processing collectors such as iron ore, fluorite ore and apatite ore, and the general dosage is 0.5 kg per ton of ore. According to rough estimation, the national mineral flotation needs 500,000 ~ 800,000 tons of fatty acid collectors every year. Traditionally, fatty acids are mainly prepared by chemical synthesis, but in recent years, with the increase of cost, more and more attention has been paid to the selection of waste to prepare fatty acids. At present, in the research on the preparation of mineral fatty acid collectors from waste raw materials, the main raw materials used are waste oil residues or intermediate products from the production of refined vegetable oil and acidified oil, but the research on the preparation of fatty acid collectors from waste oil is rare. Because "gutter oil" mainly comes from gutter oil, its composition is mainly fatty glyceride. If it is used to prepare fatty acid collectors, it can achieve the dual effects of reducing pollution and comprehensive utilization. Experts believe that the further research and application of this technology will be of great significance to avoid environmental pollution, reduce the cost of mineral processing and reduce the threat to food safety. A new technology for producing ethanol and biogas by using "waste oil", after sorting and separating, part of the "waste oil" becomes the raw material of biodiesel, the other part is fermented into fuel ethanol and biogas, and all the remaining waste residue becomes fertilizer. This is the process of resource disposal of kitchen waste witnessed by Hefei Science Island. Through technical integration and innovation, the once troublesome kitchen slops and "gutter oil" have now turned waste into treasure and become new energy sources. After years of technical research, researchers from the Institute of Plasma Physics of China Academy of Sciences have successfully mastered the energy-saving disposal technology of producing ethanol and biogas from kitchen waste, and formed two invention patents. According to reports, this technology has turned kitchen waste into four "treasures", namely biodiesel, ethanol, biogas and biological fertilizer. Firstly, the oil in the kitchen waste is separated and refined into biodiesel, and then carbohydrates, protein and other components are converted into fuel ethanol through enzymolysis, anaerobic fermentation and other processes, and the ethanol fermentation residue and other organic components are fermented to produce biogas, and the biogas residue biogas slurry of biogas project is treated to become bio-fertilizer. It is understood that the biggest feature of this technology is that its energy-based thinking is different from the domestic feed-based technical route, thus avoiding the re-entry of kitchen waste into the human food chain and causing disease risks due to homology accumulation. 20 1 1 From September, KLM will achieve a new breakthrough. They will process cooking oil and provide fuel for aircraft. Replacing "gutter oil" with jet fuel has soared in cost, but it is more efficient and environmentally friendly. How can vegetable oil be converted into jet fuel? SkyNRG company adopted the technology of "hydrogenated renewable flight fuel". Firstly, the vegetable oil is deoxidized, and then a series of organic chemical processes are carried out. The key step is hydrocracking. Under the continuous hydrogen pressure, the carbon bonds between molecules are destroyed, and smaller hydrocarbons are generated, and the products are unsaturated hydrocarbons. At this time, it is very close to fuel, and then "isomerization" is carried out, that is, the composition and structure of chemical substances are changed to truly become the required "renewable flight fuel". However, in Deco's view, the biggest obstacle in the process of turning waste oil into treasure is not the technical threshold, but the legal threshold with high standards. The EU has a high demand for biofuels, and not all raw materials can be used as fuel for commercial purposes. According to Camille Erlings, president of KLM, as early as 2009, a Boeing 747 of KLM had used 50% biofuel in its engine, which proved that it was technically feasible to fly with bio-kerosene. However, it was not until this year that the technology of "hydrogenated renewable flight fuel" was certified by the International Organization for Standards and allowed to be used in commercial flights. Passing the "legal threshold" directly contributed to KLM's decision. On June 22nd, KLM announced that it would use "waste oil" fuel on 200 Amsterdam-Paris routes from September, forming a "green flight route". According to KLM's statement, airlines can use "gutter oil" fuel without making any changes to the aircraft engine.

Edit the inspection standard in this paragraph.

[1] At present, there is no unified detection standard for gutter oil in China. In the current national compulsory standard "Hygienic Standard for Edible Vegetable Oils" (27 16—2005), the physical and chemical indexes of edible oil include acid value, peroxide value, solvent residue in extracted oil, free phenol (cottonseed oil), total arsenic, lead, aflatoxin, benzopyrene and pesticide residue * * *, and different standards are formulated for plant crude oil and plant edible oil respectively. However, neither vegetable crude oil nor vegetable edible oil is waste oil. The nine basic edible oil detection indicators in the standard, even the oil extracted from gutter oil, may be qualified, and it is impossible to carry out differential detection of gutter oil at all. [1] The Ministry of Health said that in accordance with the unified deployment of the State Council Food Safety Office, the Ministry of Health organized the Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the Food and Drug Administration, the Grain Bureau, and the China CDC to jointly study and formulate an inspection method demonstration plan for "gutter oil", and established an inspection method demonstration expert group including authoritative experts and relevant institutions in the fields of oil processing, food safety, health inspection and chemical analysis.