1. Business model: Jingdong is a comprehensive e-commerce platform offering a wide range of product categories, including electronics, daily necessities, apparel, etc. 1 Membership Store is similar to a warehouse membership retailer, focusing more on large-package, high-quality, and value-based products.

2. Membership: Jingdong is open to all users and has no membership fees. 1 Membership stores usually require the purchase of a membership, similar to the Costco or Sam'sClub model.

3, product range and positioning: Jingdong's product range is much more diverse and includes a wide selection of products ranging from everyday consumer goods to high-end electronics. 1 member store focuses on bulk and high-value goods, and often sells them in bulk, which makes it suitable for bulk purchases by families or small businesses.

4. Pricing strategy: Jingdong offers a wide range of products in all price segments, including regular retail and promotional discounts. 1 Member Stores, due to their wholesale business model, typically offer lower unit prices, but usually require the purchase of larger quantities.