原文
When Emperor Meng Changjun① was in Xue, he recruited the guests of all the vassals and the guilty of the dead, and they all went to Emperor Meng Changjun. The king of Meng Chang gave up his profession ② and treated him with great kindness, so that he was inclined to ③ all the men of the world. There were thousands of diners, all of whom were of nobility or inferiority, and all of them were of the same caliber. When Lord Meng Chang was waiting for the guests to sit and talk, there was always an official behind the screen, who was responsible for remembering the words of Lord Meng Chang and the guests, and asking the relatives where they lived. When the guests went away, Lord Meng Chang had already asked them to keep inquiring4 and to offer their relatives.
Meng Chang Jun once treated a guest to a night meal, and there was a man who shielded the light of the fire. The guest was ashamed and cut his throat. The soldiers returned to Lord Meng Chang in this way. The guests of Lord Meng Chang had no choice but to treat them well. Everyone thought Meng Chang Jun was close to him.
Notes
①Meng Chang Jun: surnamed Tian, Wen, a nobleman of Qi during the Warring States period, he was feudalized in Xue (in present-day Tengzhou, Shandong Province), and he was famous for recruiting a wide range of guests, and for having 3,000 diners.
② Shed industry: give up the family business.
③ pour: make ...... admiration.
④存问：慰问.
⑤ Cut the throat (jǐng): cut the neck.
⑥亲: to be close to .......
No noble or lowly one is the same as Wen: the same, the same
Lord Meng Chang had already made the envoy to ask: to send
Leaving his relatives: to give away
Leaving food and resigning: to stop
Translation
In Xueyi, Lord Meng Chang had solicited the guests of the vassal states as well as those who had fled from the crime and they had all come to join Lord Meng Chang. He gave them good treatment rather than give up his family business, so that all the sages in the world were attracted to him. He had thousands of diners, and they were all treated the same as Tian Wen, regardless of their rank. Whenever Lord Meng Chang received his guests and sat down to talk with them, he always arranged a historian behind the screen to record the content of the conversation between Lord Meng Chang and his guests, and to record the places of residence of the relatives of the guests he asked. As soon as the guests had left, Lord Meng Chang had already sent his messengers to the houses of the guests' relatives to comfort and greet them and offer gifts to them. On one occasion, when Lord Meng Chang was entertaining a guest for dinner, a man blocked the light, and the guest was so annoyed that he thought the quality of the meal must be unequal that he stopped eating and wanted to take his leave. Meng Chang Jun immediately stood up and personally brought his own meal to compare with his. The guest was so ashamed that he cut his own throat and died. The guest was so ashamed that he cut his own throat and died. Meng Chang Jun accepted all the guests who came to his door with warmth, and gave them generous treatments without picking and choosing, no matter how close or distant they were. Therefore, all the guests thought that Meng Chang Jun was close to them. [1]
Commonly Used Words in Extracurricular Literature
遇： ① to meet. (1) to meet, to encounter. (2) to come across, to encounter. As in "The Preface of Sending Dongyang Ma Sheng", "or meet its scolding". ③ treatment, reception. As in the text, "all of them are good at meeting". ④Opportunity. Such as "opportunity", "chance".
Drop out: terminate, stop. As in the text, "drop out of food and quit", such as "drop out of school". [2]
Winning the admiration of his disciples
Why did Meng Chang Jun win the admiration and attachment of his disciples?
Firstly, he gave his gatekeepers favorable treatment; secondly, he treated them equally regardless of their rank; thirdly, he took care of the life of his gatekeepers' families (he learned about the situation of the gatekeepers' families, and sent people to sympathize with their parents).
2. Translation of the Chinese text: "Meng Changjun Raising Scholars"In Xueyi, Meng Changjun recruited guests from the vassal states as well as those who had fled from crime, and many of them submitted to him.
Meng Chang Jun was willing to give up his family's business to give them generous treatment, so that all the world's scholars were attracted to him. He had thousands of diners, and they were all treated the same as Tian Wen, regardless of their rank.
Whenever Lord Meng Chang received his guests and sat down to talk with them, he always arranged a servant behind the screen to record the content of the conversation between Lord Meng Chang and his guests, and to record the places of residence of the relatives of the guests he asked about. When the guests had just left, Lord Meng Chang had already sent his messengers to the houses of the guests' relatives to comfort and greet them, and to offer them gifts.
On one occasion, when Lord Meng Chang was hosting a guest for dinner, a man blocked the light, and the guest was so annoyed that he thought the quality of the meal was definitely not equal that he put down his chopsticks to leave.
Many of the wise men and women were willing to join Lord Meng Chang. Meng Chang Jun accepted all the guests who came to his door with warmth, and gave them generous treatments without selecting them, regardless of their affinity.
Therefore, all the guests thought that Lord Meng Chang was close to them.
So all the guests thought Meng Chang was close to them.
3. Translation of "Meng Chang Jun Raising Scholars"In Xueyi, Meng Chang Jun recruited the guests of the vassal states and those who had fled from crime, and many of them came to him. He gave them good treatment rather than give up his family business, so that all the scholars in the world were attracted to him. He had thousands of diners, and they were all treated the same as Tian Wen, regardless of their rank. Whenever Lord Meng Chang received his guests and sat down to talk with them, he always arranged a historian behind the screen to record the content of the conversation between Lord Meng Chang and his guests, and to record the places of residence of the relatives of the guests he asked. When the guests had just left, Lord Meng Chang had already sent his messengers to the houses of the guests' relatives to comfort and greet them, and to offer them gifts.
On one occasion, when Lord Meng Chang was hosting a guest for dinner, a man blocked the light, and the guest was so annoyed that he thought the quality of the meal was definitely not equal that he put down his chopsticks to leave. The guest was so annoyed that he put down his bowl and chopsticks and was about to leave. Lord Meng Chang immediately stood up and personally brought his own meal to compare with his, and the guest was so ashamed that he committed suicide by cutting his own throat to apologize for his mistake. As a result, many scholars were willing to join Lord Meng Chang. Lord Meng Chang accepted all the guests who came to his door warmly, and gave them generous treatments without picking and choosing, without any affinity. So the guests all thought that Lord Meng Chang was close to them.
I hope to adopt.
4. Full text of Su Shi's "On Raising Scholars"On Raising Scholars
At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and up to the Warring States period, all the ministers of the lords and vassals fought to raise scholars. Since the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period, the ministers of the feudal lords were all striving for the support of the scholars. The people who are wearing clothes and jade food to the museum on the top, how can be counted. King Goujian of Yue had 6,000 gentlemen. Wei Wuji, Qi Tianwen, Zhao Sheng, Huang Xie and Lu Buwei all had 3,000 guests. Tian Wen recruited 60,000 good men in Xue. Qi Jixi also had 1,000 people to talk to. Marquis Wen of Wei, King Zhao of Yan, and Prince Dan all had countless guests. Between the Qin and Han Dynasties, Zhang Er and Chen Yu had a lot of guests, all of whom were very handsome people in the world. And Tian Heng also has five hundred people. Its roughly see in the biography of the reporter so. Degree of the rest when double the officials and half of the farmers. These are all good people who are harmful to the country, how can the people support, and how can the country be embarrassed?
Su Zi said: This is the first king can not be avoided. The country's good, as birds and beasts of prey, insects have poisonous stings. The area is organized, so that each of its place, it is, hoe and all go, is not the way. I examined the world change, know the reason why the six countries have long existed, and the reason why Qin quickly died, cover out of this, can not not be observed. Wisdom, courage, defense, strength of these four, all the people of the heavenly show. Classes can not be evil food and clothing to feed people, all servitude to feed themselves. Therefore, the late king divided the world's wealth, and these four ****. These four are not out of duty, *** Yasuko. Although the four are different, the first king managed to make out of a custom. Three generations above out of learning. Warring States to Qin out of the guest. After Han, out of county officials. Wei, since Jin, out of the nine products. Since Sui and Tang dynasties, it is from the imperial examinations. Although not exhaustive, to take more than one of the discussion. The six countries of the king, the abuse of its people, not less than the first emperor, the Second World, but when it was, the people did not have a rebel, to all the people of the outstanding, all to the guest to raise, not out of duty.
Its power to plow to serve, all the vertebrae Lu can not do, although the desire to rebel, but not for the first, which is why it is less secure and not immediately die. Since the world, the guest is useless, so the law and not people, that the people can rely on the law to rule, that officials do not have to take, can keep our law only. Therefore, the fall of the famous city, kill the heroes, the people of the beautiful and different people scattered and return to the fields and acres, to the food in the four dukes, Lu Buwei's disciples, are safe to return to! I don't know if I can die of old age in the cloth and brown? Or will they drop out of farming and sigh for the time to come? Qin's turmoil, into the second, but so that the first emperor knows fear of these four people, have to deal with it, so that do not fail in their duties, the death of Qin, not as fast as this. The first is that the first emperor was a wise man, and I don't believe it.
Chu, Han's disaster of the end of the people, the heroes should not be a few, and Minister Minister Chen, from the car a thousand times. The first time I saw this was when I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley, and I was a student at the University of California, Berkeley. To Wen, Jing, Wu Di's world, the decree to the dense carry on, but Wu Wangbi, Huainan, Liang Wang, Wei Qi, Wu'an stream, are scrambling to guests, the world's masters do not ask also. The first thing I want to do is to make sure that you have a good understanding of the situation, and that you have a good understanding of what is happening.
If the former king's government, it is not; said: "The gentleman learns the way to love people, the small man learns the way to make it easy."
5. Seek the full translation of Meng Changjun Raising a Scholar.Meng Chang Jun's last name is Tian, his first name is Wen. The king of Qi was compelled by the slanderous words of Qin and Chu, and thought that Meng Changjun's reputation had overpowered his own, and that he had taken over the power of Qi, so he finally dismissed Meng Changjun from his post. When the guests saw that Lord Meng Chang was dismissed, they all left him. Feng Minfen traveled west to Qin and lobbied the king of Qin, saying, "Your majesty also knows that the state of Qi has dismissed Lord Meng Chang, right? The one who made Qi respected by the whole world was Lord Meng Chang. Now he is so angry that he will surely leave Qi, and if he leaves Qi and enters Qin, then Qin will know the state of Qi and the situation of the court from the king to the officials. You will get the whole land of Qi, and you will not only be the king of Qi! Send a messenger with gifts to meet Lord Meng Chang secretly, so as not to lose the opportunity." The king of Qin was very glad to hear this, so he sent ten chariots with a hundred taels of gold to welcome Lord Meng Chang. Feng Minfeng said goodbye to the king of Qin and rushed to Qi ahead of the envoys. When he arrived at Qi, he persuaded the king of Qi, saying, "I have privately learned that Qin has already sent envoys with ten chariots carrying one hundred taels of gold to welcome Lord Meng Chang. If Lord Meng Chang doesn't go west, it's fine, but if he goes west to be the prime minister of Qin, then the world will be owned by Qin, and Linzi and Jimo will be in danger. Why don't you restore Lord Meng Chang to his post before the Qin envoy arrives, so as to foil the Qin's plot and cut off its plan to become strong and dominant." When the king of Qi heard this, he realized at once and said, "Good." So he recalled Lord Meng Chang and restored him to the post of prime minister, and at the same time gave him back the land of his original fief and increased the number of his households by one thousand. Since the king of Qi had dismissed Lord Meng Chang because of the slanderous words, all the guests had left him. When the king of Qi recalled and reinstated Lord Meng Chang, Feng Min went to meet him. Before arriving at the capital, Lord Meng Chang y sighed and said: "I have always been fond of guests, and I have been happy to feed them, and I have never dared to receive them with any rudeness, and I have more than 3,000 guests, which is known to you, sir. When my guests saw that I was dismissed from my post, they all turned their backs on me and left, and none of them cared for me. Now that you have restored me to my post, how can those who left have the face to see me again? If any of them see me again, I will spit on his face and severely humiliate him." After listening to these words, Feng Minfan stopped the reins, got off the car and bowed to him. Lord Meng Chang also immediately got off the train and bowed back, saying, "Is you apologizing for those guests?" Feng T驩 said: "I am not apologizing for the guests, but because your words are wrong. All things have their own inevitable end, and all things have their own rules and regulations, do you understand the meaning of this saying?" Lord Meng Chang said, "I don't understand what is being said." Feng Minfen said, "It is the inevitable end of living things that they must die; the rich have many guests, the poor have few friends, and that is the way things are. Do you not see people running to the marketplace? At daybreak they throng the market-place, jostling their shoulders sideways for entrance; and after sunset those who pass through the market-place fling their arms and do not even look back. It is not that people prefer the morning to the evening, but because what they desire is no longer available in the market. Now that thou hast lost thy office, and thy guests are gone, thou canst not hate thy guests and cut off their way to thee for nothing. I hope you will treat your guests as you did in the past." Lord Meng Chang bowed down twice and said, "I respectfully follow your instruction. Listening to you, sir, do you dare not respectfully accept the teaching ." .
6. 文言文阅读孟尝君养士孟尝君在薛 ① ,inviting the guests of the vassals and the guilty of the deceased,小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:(1)I am boarded in a hostel, where the innkeeper provides two meals a day, and there is no fresh, fat thing to enjoy. (2) The drunkard's love is not in the wine, but in the beautiful mountains and waters.
小题1:
试题分析：杂然相许 （同意，赞同）
小题2:
试题分析：A项中的 "而 "分别解释为：always；然而。B项中的 "其 "字分别解释为：总是；然而。 The word "其" in item B is interpreted as: the demonstrative pronoun, he; does.The word "以" in item C is interpreted as: think; so that.The word "之" in item D is interpreted as: the auxiliary word, of.The word "的" in item D is interpreted as: the auxiliary word, of.
小题3:
试题分析：本文没有用 "心理描写 "来描写孟尝君。
Sub-topic 4:
Test Question Analysis: This question examines the students' reading comprehension and translation ability, requiring students to read the article, master the meaning of the text, especially the translation of key words. Pay attention to the translation of the "again" in sentence 1.