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On the Comprehensive Role of Scientific Organizations in Vocational Skills Competition 1 Abstract: Vocational skills competition is not just an honor competition of schools, but a competitive competition. Only by giving full play to the comprehensive role of vocational skills competition, scientific organization and reasonable guidance can vocational education and vocational skills competition develop in the right direction.
Paper Keywords: vocational skills competition, comprehensive role, employment
Under the guidance of the idea that the country vigorously advocates the reform of vocational education, according to the spirit of "launching national vocational skills competitions regularly to commend and reward winners", and based on the professional teaching standards, skills training standards and national vocational qualification standards issued by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Labor, the nationwide, multi-level and multi-category skills competitions held in recent years have attracted the attention and praise of teachers and students from all walks of life and vocational colleges. They all agree that the skills competition is an important achievement of vocational education reform, and its outstanding vitality makes it a new design and long-term mechanism in teaching, which has played a role. It not only builds a new training platform, learning exchange platform, teaching exhibition platform and talent selection platform for vocational colleges, but also encourages and promotes the renewal of traditional teaching concepts, the innovation of talent training mode, the construction of double-qualified teachers, the optimization of curriculum system, the investment of teaching funds and the rational layout of training environment, giving people an incentive and expectation to break through the training dilemma. It also fully conforms to the spirit of "open mind, be brave in practice, make bold breakthroughs" and "persist in adapting to local conditions, encourage local schools to make bold experiments, promote development through reform, improve quality through reform, and enhance vitality through reform" pointed out in the recent document of the national education system reform pilot.
From the form of competition, skill competition is not a new thing, but it is novel because of its radiation and leading role in vocational education reform, its sociality and effectiveness, and its practice and dissemination of new technologies and new processes. Therefore, it is very valuable to deepen the understanding of its characteristics.
First, promote teaching to keep up with the development of new technology through vocational skills competition.
As the name implies, skill is a combination of technical skills, ability and energy, which is manifested by the combination of human hands and brains with practical operations. Competition skills make this performance reach a higher, better and more comprehensive level. It is one of the means to achieve the goal of vocational education, and it is also the social expression of the combination of work and study that is most suitable for the production requirements of enterprises. Skills are improved with the continuous development of high-tech and new technology, but they are enriched and improved by relying on the comprehensive potential of students' intelligence, energy and physical strength. Therefore, in a sense, it is also one of the benchmarks to measure the level of running a school and the quality of teaching.
The advanced nature of skill competition reflects the orientation of its new things. On the one hand, it is manifested in the holding of competitions at different levels, the emergence of elites and the gathering of new technologies, new processes and new methods to meet the requirements of enterprise modernization. At the same time, under the guidance of advanced nature, the teaching content, teaching methods, courses and teaching modes are constantly updated moderately. The communication and application means in these works are mainly based on people's cognitive level and sense of responsibility. School administrators and teachers should play a leading role in this regard, because they are the real leaders. At the same time of skill modernization, we should also pay attention to students' comprehensive ability, including being a man and doing things, having innovative thinking, fighting spirit, having a strong sense of competition, being able to cooperate and integrate, and being healthy and energetic, not being a "bookworm" and not working, which is also the advanced side of skills.
Over the years, in the reform of vocational education, people have been thinking about how to make greater expansion and breakthrough in practical training, and how to give students more opportunities to master some employment skills during their school days, which is not only related to the future of students after entering the society, but also related to the enrichment of high-quality social labor and the accumulation of corporate wealth. It can be seen that skill competition has played a certain role in social and economic development.
Second, achieve the goal of cultivating students through vocational skills competitions.
Competition is a kind of competition. Competition is a confrontation at the same level, and there is bound to be a winning or losing result. Under the influence of sense of honor, competing for gold and silver has become the inevitable pursuit of participants. Due to the charm of the competition, everyone will mobilize the accumulation of daily learning knowledge and the reserve of other resources, and pursue the ideal results with the best mentality, strong innovation consciousness and potential to achieve the greatest psychological satisfaction. However, there is only one champion and only a few elites. Most students participating in the competition should know themselves from the process of competition, see the gap, find the shortcomings, and achieve "promoting learning by competition, promoting skills by practice, a competition, an experience, a period of practice and a promotion". We must pay attention to the harvest beyond excellent results, realize that it takes effort to get it, tenacious fighting spirit, unremitting efforts and learning to refine it through competition.
The cooperative spirit of students is also the basic quality that must be possessed in skill competition. The purpose of setting up team events in related competitions is not only to examine the average skill level of the team, but also to highlight the concept of teamwork, so that students can develop good habits and the quality of cooperation with others, which is also the actual requirement of modern enterprise operation. Therefore, the slogan "Unity is strength" is very important for the warning skill competition, which shows us its important role in cohesion.
Third, cultivate students' sense of teamwork through vocational skills competition.
The universality of vocational skills competition is not only determined by the goal of running a school, but also the need of social employment. Enterprises need talents, but also many high-quality workers. Therefore, in the teaching reform, the concept of "improvement drives popularization, and popularization promotes improvement" has blossomed in an all-round way and must be paid special attention to. In the skill competition, there are bound to be people with excellent skills, and the halo on their heads will also add luster to the school and the departments and classes, but this is only one of the expected results of the competition. After all, the skills competition is not a stage for individual performances, not the voice of soloists, but the works of all students. It is the loud voice of the choir, so everyone participates in the competition to varying degrees, inspiring the majority and edifying all the staff. The bigger the scale of the competition, the wider the influence, the more high-quality players emerge, and the better the performance of the competition. Therefore, this kind of competition is also particularly school-oriented, all-round, universal and popular.
Fourth, adhere to the fairness of competition evaluation and cultivate students' civic awareness.
Fairness is the most basic principle of the competition, and it is also the most concerned issue for many contestants. If the competition is unfairly polluted, it will be a shame that the players can't truly and equally reflect their skill level, which will affect the authority and credibility of the competition itself, hurt people's feelings and damage the investment of manpower, material resources and financial resources. Therefore, it is extremely important to keep it safe, orderly, confidential and prevent improper behavior. Therefore, before the competition, it is necessary to make careful plans, formulate rules and regulations, set up a preparatory committee (organizing committee) led by the superior, and pay special attention to the candidates for the lower competition committee (jury) and arbitration committee. In addition to its own authority and professionalism, it is also necessary to pay attention to the relationship with participating units to avoid unnecessary involvement and trouble. Secondly, the method and content of the competition, the grading standard of the course, the choice of the venue and the equipment are formulated. Discipline in the competition is strict and equal. In order to avoid injustice, the team leader is allowed to resort to arbitration according to the procedure and solve related contradictions and handle related matters in time. In short, the whole competition will create a good atmosphere of fair competition and mutual exchange and progress.
In many kinds of competitions, the performance is different, some promote reality with virtual, and some take reality with virtual, such as sports competitions, which focus on mass sports and promote the development of national fitness; The art competition aims to spread culture and literature, enrich people's lives and promote physical and mental health. Professional skill competition is effective, but it focuses on practical learning, practical training and practical competition to achieve implementation (work). Practicality runs through the whole process, in order to better serve the social and economic development, do our best to create wealth for enterprises, and work hard for individuals to get rich and improve their lives. But the effect is not only reflected in hard work, hard work and hard work. In the competition, we also found the inherent potential to support "doing". The so-called "cleverness" and "heart" refer to the release of wisdom, the stimulation of fighting spirit, the motivation of competition, the volatilization of enterprising spirit and the physical movement of sense of honor. This is the perfect combination and dialectical relationship between reality and reality in skill competition.
Fifth, promote the new platform of teaching reform and development in vocational colleges through vocational skills competition.
Vocational skills competition is not only an important achievement of vocational education reform and development, but also a platform for vocational colleges to display educational and teaching achievements, vocational education and training, and exchange and improvement. At the same time, it also plays an important role in promoting the innovation of vocational education system, standardizing vocational skills training, expanding social influence, living and employment. Vocational colleges should make full use of this favorable platform, attract the participation of all social forces through vocational skills competitions, and form a joint force in many ways to build a new platform for teaching reform and development, which is of great practical value and significance to promote the reform and development of vocational education and teaching.
Vocational skill competition is a social activity oriented to society, enterprises and specific posts, and should highlight the requirements of high skills and new technologies. This requires the participation of industry experts and enterprise experts and adopts the strategy of "please come in (experts, technicians, etc.)". ) and "going out (guiding teachers and students)" to check the content and actual operation of the competition, while the implementation plan, technical skill theory and actual operation process of the competition need to be compiled in strict accordance with professional standards, so as to build a professional standardized platform. Competition questions should not only meet the latest national vocational skills standards, but also be close to the actual post requirements; It can not only truly reflect students' skill level, but also cover the key links of new knowledge and technology, thus highlighting the pertinence, practicality and operability requirements of vocational education teaching content reform, highlighting the characteristics of different majors and testing students' practical ability and adaptability.
In order to enhance the attraction of the competition, it is necessary to establish and improve the incentive mechanism to encourage and mobilize many forces to actively participate. For the teaching units with excellent competition results, the college can give appropriate policy inclination in the construction of training base and the investment in curriculum construction. These incentive policies can effectively mobilize the enthusiasm of teachers and students, effectively promote students to learn technology, practical skills and improve their comprehensive quality.
The development of vocational skills competition is the carrier and breakthrough for colleges and universities to innovate the training mode and improve students' core competence in employment competition, and also provides a favorable basis for revising teaching plans, updating teaching contents and strengthening practical training. Emphasis is placed on the training mode of "work-study combination and school-enterprise cooperation", thus effectively promoting the combination of theory and practice teaching, in-class and extracurricular teaching, and teaching and self-improvement. Through school, city, province, country and other unique vocational skills competitions, the selection at different levels and improvement at different levels not only provide a broad platform for teachers and students to display their talents, but also test the teaching achievements most directly and authoritatively, opening up a broad employment "exit" and "channel" for students. The "excellent players" and "technical experts" emerging in the competition should be strongly recommended to the employer for selection, which is also a powerful means to publicize the social popularity of vocational education.
Abstract of intransitive verbs
To sum up, the potential of skill competition and its position and role in teaching practice will be broadened and enriched with the development of the times. Vocational skill competition is a systematic project. Departments and teaching units at all levels in vocational colleges should give full play to their functions, coordinate as a whole, strengthen planning and organization, and lay a solid foundation for the platform, so as to provide guarantee for building a platform for vocational education and teaching reform. It is expected that the new system closely related to students' employment life will have greater development, and that more new things will emerge in the in-depth reform of vocational education, so that the whole vocational education work will be full of vitality, vitality and hope.
On the Comprehensive Role of Scientific Organizations in Vocational Skills Competition 2 In recent years, China's vocational skills competition has developed vigorously, and scientific, standardized and professional competition has become an inevitable requirement. Based on the standardization theory, this paper summarizes the experience of holding vocational skills competitions, and uses the system analysis thought to preliminarily explore and construct the standard system framework of holding vocational skills competitions in China.
I. Introduction
China has basically established a vocational skills competition system with China characteristics, which is dominated by the World Skills Competition, People's Republic of China (PRC) Vocational Skills Competition, National Industry Vocational Skills Competition, Local Vocational Skills Competition and Special Events, and based on the vocational skills competitions of enterprises and colleges. Vocational skill competition has become an important way to cultivate and select skilled talents.
Generally speaking, the comprehensive vocational skills competition is a large-scale activity integrating "competition, exhibition and performance", and holding the vocational skills competition is a complex systematic project. In the organization of various vocational skills competitions, there are some problems such as unclear operation process and unclear job responsibilities to varying degrees. Some tasks are supervised by the leaders of the organizers from beginning to end, and sometimes the organizers are not clear about some links in advance, so that they are anxious to make temporary arrangements. These are all manifestations of lack of standardization in the process of competition organization. In order to do a good job in the organization of vocational skills competition, it is necessary to summarize the organization of vocational skills competition and form a standardized organization system.
Second, the standardized interpretation of vocational skills competition organization
(A) the concept of standards
The so-called standards are normative documents that are used together and reused after consensus is reached and approved by recognized institutions in order to obtain the best order within a certain range. On the basis of comprehensive scientific research results and practical experience, the standards for organizing vocational skills competitions make uniform provisions on the elements and links of vocational skills competitions, and are published in specific forms after consensus by relevant parties as the guiding principles and basis.
(two) organizational standards and policies, technical rules
Organizational work standards, policies and technical rules are a unified whole and complement each other. The competent department of vocational skills competition is responsible for formulating the policies and rules of vocational skills competition and stipulating what can and cannot be done. Specific to the implementation of all kinds of vocational skills competitions, strict technical rules for competitions have been formulated, which are matched with technical documents and test questions as the basis and criteria for competitions. Between the policy and technical rules, it is also necessary to have the working standards of vocational skills competition organizations to clarify the specific requirements of vocational skills competition organizations as the organizational basis of competition activities. That is, how to organize a vocational skills competition, and stipulate who will do what, when, where and how to do the action in preparation, holding and summary. Constructing the trinity working mechanism of policy, organizational standards and technical rules can make the work of vocational skill competition evidence-based and rule-based.
(C) the concept of standardization
The process of standard formulation, release and implementation is standardization. The standardization of vocational skills competition organization is to sum up the experience of running the competition, carry out scientific research, formulate the same and repeated rules for the elements and processes of competition organization and apply them in practice.
(D) the significance of standardization of vocational skills competition organization
The standardization of vocational skills competition organization standardizes the relevant elements and processes of competition organization process, which is conducive to improving the quality of competition, providing a high-level competition platform and promoting the scientific and standardized development of competition management. At the same time, standardize the behavior and requirements of the participants, improve the professional ability and professionalism of organizers, experts and referees through standardized training, and provide basic support for the professional management of the competition.
Three, the principle of standardization of vocational skills competition organization
(A) top-level design and practice summary.
On the one hand, only by strengthening the top-level design, weighing and coordinating the relationship between all parties, and following the latest regulations and documents of the competent authorities, can a set of standardized competition system suitable for the operation and implementation of vocational skills competitions be formulated. On the other hand, standards are not formulated out of thin air, but are based on a lot of practical experience. We should actively learn from and draw lessons from the organization and management experience accumulated in various competitions such as the World Skills Competition, the National Skills Competition and the National Industry Vocational Skills Competition, and summarize and refine them in combination with the actual situation.
(b) Framework criteria and refinement criteria.
The organization and operation cycle of vocational skill competition is long and involves a wide range. In the process of standard formulation, all fields of competition organization should be considered comprehensively and systematically to prevent the omission of items in standard formulation. This requires building a framework standard at a high level, defining the scope of the standard system and refining the standard at a low level.
(3) Streamlined, effective, coordinated, unified and parallel.
The basic principle of standardization requires "unification, simplification, coordination and selection of the best". The standardization of vocational skill competition should simplify the division of organizational structure, facilitate the coordination of work between departments, guide all members Qi Xin to work together to run the competition organization system, reduce organizational friction and internal friction of functions, and prevent work confusion caused by business interlude and unclear division of work rights and responsibilities.
Fourth, the framework construction of competition organization standard system
The organization of vocational skills competition consists of people, organizations, equipment, venues and many other elements. To establish a standardized system, it is necessary to apply the system analysis method. Around these elements, the scope of application is defined, and the standardized competition structure and method are put forward. According to the goal-oriented principle, this paper discusses the standardized system framework of vocational skill competition organization at the application level. From the application level, simple procedures, efficient organization, standardized personnel requirements and standardized organizational processes constitute the organizational standards of vocational skills competition. Therefore, the standard system of competition organization can be constructed from the bidding process, organizational structure, personnel requirements, organizational process, competition service, safety requirements and other standards.
(A) the establishment of scientific events, improve the bidding process.
The competent department of vocational skills competition shall make overall consideration and optimize the setting of the number and field of vocational skills competition projects. Establish a set of effective bidding system and procedures to improve the efficiency of applying for vocational skills competitions, and form unified access rules for competition bidding with the protection of articles of association to provide decision support for managers.
World Skills Organization stipulates that during the bidding period, it is necessary to submit the bidding intention and materials, accept inspection and evaluation, hold international skills competitions and international seminars, submit formal bidding documents, and vote at the general meeting of all members. At present, the organizers of various vocational skills competitions at all levels in China are different, and the project establishment and bidding procedures of the competitions are also different. For example, the National Skills Competition is hosted by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the applicants are the people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Bidding standards should include basic conditions, bidding procedures, bidding requirements and the basic contents of bidding reports. When formulating the application standards, we should learn from the bidding standards of the World Skills Competition, guide public participation, and enhance the social influence and credibility of the vocational skills competition.
(b) Streamline the organizational structure and optimize and coordinate the workflow.
Organization is the support of vocational skill competition. The organization of vocational skills competition is divided into two levels: the organizing Committee and the executive Committee. The Organizing Committee is the co-ordination department of the competition organization, with working groups including office, technical working group, activity guidance group, news and publicity group, exhibition and exchange group, social sponsorship group, supervision and arbitration group, etc. The Executive Committee is the executive department of the competition organization. Taking the first national skills competition as an example, the Executive Committee has set up 14 departments, including comprehensive coordination department, competition support department, technical support department, supervision and arbitration assistance department, logistics support department, exhibition and exchange department, security emergency department, volunteer work department, opening and closing ceremony preparation department, news propaganda department, financial support department, sponsorship department, project bidding department and reception department.
To standardize the organizational structure, it is necessary to sum up the previous experience in running the competition, put forward the optimization scheme, eliminate some inefficient and weak cross-departments, and improve work efficiency. It has formed an organizational structure with the comprehensive coordination department as the core and linking internal and external organizations from top to bottom. The functional objectives of each department should be clear and the task allocation arrangement should be reasonable. For example, the Games-time Support Department of the Executive Committee covers a wide range of work and overlaps with the work of many departments such as comprehensive coordination, technical support and logistics support. In particular, the boundaries should be clearly defined in the standards.
(three) clear personnel requirements, clear responsibilities.
Participants in the vocational skills competition include contestants and managers (heads of delegations, etc.). ), technical personnel (referees, arbitrators, etc. ) and service personnel (staff, media reporters, volunteers, etc. ). Specific standards and norms for participants should be established respectively, and the specific tasks and responsibilities of all kinds of personnel should be defined.
Taking referees as an example, referees shoulder the important mission and responsibility of training and evaluating contestants, and excellent referees are very important for vocational skills competitions. Referee standards include referee selection mechanism and ability and quality requirements. Referees can be recommended by the participating teams with reference to the model of the World Skills Competition. In some professional skills competitions in China, the organizing committee employs a third-party referee. When formulating the standards of referees for each event, we should formulate the selection mechanism and ability and quality requirements according to the characteristics and objective conditions of the competition.
(D) the organization process standardization, clear step time node
The organization process of vocational skills competition runs through the whole process of preparation and holding. Competition organization process standards include two levels: overall standards and individual standards. At the level of overall standards, it is necessary to clarify the overall work steps and important time nodes. The World Skills Organization has a specific timetable to regulate the important activities and arrangements of different groups participating in the preparation and holding of the World Skills Competition. For example, before the competition 12 months, the general meeting of all members will be held, and the competition preparation week meeting will be held 8 to 6 months before the competition. At the level of individual standards, it is necessary to formulate standards for all organizational links. The World Skills Competition has a very detailed competition guide, and all organizational links of the opening and closing ceremonies, various meetings and all work have clear objectives, timetables and elements. For example, for the opening ceremony, the Hosting Guide stipulates relevant requirements, such as venue selection, capacity, facilities, logistics and transportation, VIP reception, tickets and certification, seating arrangement, stage, duration and start time, host, script and schedule, entertainment items, admission of participating members, flags, national anthem and flag raising, speeches, oaths, media and photography. On the basis of summing up the experience of running the vocational skills competition, we can learn from the organizational standards of the world skills competition and formulate and improve the organizational process norms of this competition.
(e) Improve the service quality and level of the games.
Olympic services should aim at high quality and set standards for accommodation, catering and transportation services. Scientific and reasonable diet and living standards are related to whether the contestants can successfully participate in the competition and reach the best competitive level. Standardized service should run through the whole process of the whole activity service. For example, the accommodation standards of participants need to be strictly standardized according to the number of participants. The accommodation standards of the contestants should be determined according to the specific conditions of the competition, so as to ensure food safety and clean and hygienic accommodation conditions.
(6) Reliable security to ensure the safe and smooth running of the competition.
Safety is the most important work in vocational skills competition, including personal safety, equipment and facilities safety, fire safety, health safety and so on. The epidemic situation in COVID-19, in particular, put forward higher requirements for the safety standards of sports events. All competitions need to rely on the professional advice of health and epidemic prevention departments and experts, formulate health and epidemic prevention standards, and integrate them into the safety guarantee workflow of vocational skills competitions.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
The standardization system is based on a lot of practice, and the standardization system of vocational skill competition must conform to the objective reality. Drawing lessons from the World Skills Competition, we can establish a standardized management system that truly conforms to our own actual situation by combing, summarizing and inducing the events held. This paper only discusses it from the macro level, and the specific work needs to be refined in combination with the actual situation. In addition, after the establishment of the standard system, although it is relatively fixed, the organization work will be different due to the different environment and background of the competition. Standards are dynamic and need to be constantly supplemented and improved.
References:
1. China Employment Training Technical Guidance Center. Guide to the organization and implementation of the national vocational skills competition [M]. Beijing: China Labor and Social Security Press, 2008.
2. Shen. Research on Standardization System of Sports Competition Organizations in Jiangsu Province [J]. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education, 20 13(02).
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