Abstract: Through the discussion on the interrelationship of the "three major factors" (equipment, system, personnel) affecting the safety and stability of railroad transportation, we put forward the measures required to eliminate the unstable factors affecting the transportation safety and lay a solid foundation for supporting the transportation safety. In the process of construction organization, strengthen the overall coordination of the operation, a clear combination of the division of labor and responsibility, to ensure the continued stability of railroad transport safety.

Keywords: railroad transportation; safety and stability; factors; equipment; construction; impact

, affecting the transport safety of the "three factors"

Maintaining the production of railroad transportation necessary for advanced technology and equipment, perfect rules and regulations and high-quality operators is to ensure the safety and stability of railroad transportation. The "three factors". Railroad transportation enterprise equipment, systems and personnel in its safety production plays a vital role.

1) the impact of railroad equipment on safety. The transformation of railway equipment construction and troubleshooting, most of the cases need to stop the use of signal interlocking, to be in the case of no interlocking to send a train, no display console, signal deactivation, turnouts lost interlocking, from the preparation of the way in, handing over the voucher, guide to pick up the car to the interval train mastery are done by hand, docking train safety impact. 2000 the whole road occurred in the 17 major, major accidents, 7 (accounting for 41% of the total number of accidents). There are 7 (accounting for 41.2%) is in the construction situation. Temporary equipment failure is unprepared for the operator, signaling and interlocking equipment changes, generally in the water damage, lightning, storms, snow and other natural environments and equipment aging, etc., prone to temporary failures, the impact on transport safety is also greater. Harbin Railway Bureau each year, equipment failure affecting the safety of receiving and sending trains about 1200. <BR>(2) the impact of regulations on safety. Rules and regulations have omissions, not strict, and the actual site does not match, etc. will affect the transportation safety. Regulations are imperfect mainly because: ① not enough in-depth actual site, failed to change with the equipment in a timely manner to modify the corresponding operating procedures and systems; ② public works, electrical departments can not provide timely technical information, affecting the car department of the "station working rules" revised, supplemented and perfected, as well as the targeted development of safety precautions; ③ not for the temporary changes in equipment, the timely development of operations approach and safety measures, so that the operational process lacks security.

<BR> (3) the influence of operators on safety. (1) the operator's grasp or understanding of the rules and regulations are wrong, affecting the safety of operations; (2) operators do not strictly enforce the rules and regulations, simplify the operation process, affecting the safety of operations; (3) the operator's poor resilience, improper handling of emergencies, affecting the safety of operations. 5:10 on August 2, 1999, the Harbin Railway Bureau, Wanle Station, due to the failure of the 3# turnout (1-3) Linkage turnout light belt and indicate that the light does not show), affecting the upstream outbound signal can not be opened, the use of road tickets to send a train, 5:38 Y212 passenger train into the 2-way stop, the duty officer to confirm that the 3 # # # # # # # # # turnout is positioned after the determination of the fault and improper handling, mistakenly thought that 1 # # # # # # # # # turnout is also the state of positioning, 5:40 train start-up line to the signal before the driver found that the l # # # # # # turnout is the reverse position, the parking constitutes not ready to go into the road! The dangerous accident of the train.

<BR> In summary, in the case of equipment renovation and construction and temporary failure, if the rules and regulations are not perfect, equipment operators poor resilience, will affect the transportation safety. Therefore, strengthening equipment, systems, personnel and their mutual coordination is the key to ensure safe and stable transportation.

<BR> 2, strengthen the "three factors" of the coordinated management

<BR> equipment is the foundation, the system is to ensure that the personnel is the key, the three are complementary, closely interlinked, the unity of the mutual constraints; at the same time, the three are only in the dynamic changes to keep the Relative coordination and stability, safety is guaranteed, ignoring the dynamic coordination and unity of the three, to maintain a safe and stable support will be tilted.

<BR> 2.1 Strengthen construction management, improve the quality of equipment

<BR> from the point of view of transportation safety standardization of construction, the construction unit should be strictly in accordance with the time given by the construction program to carry out construction; the implementation of the construction, acceptance of the quality of accountability, to avoid the repetition of the construction of the low-standard, as far as possible to reduce the number of times of construction; the receiving department should be strict implementation of the Daily maintenance, inspection system, timely treatment of potential equipment hazards, reduce equipment failure rate. In the event of accidental equipment failure, can in the shortest possible time (when checking calibration) to arrive at the scene, repair, and timely restoration of the normal use of equipment.

<BR> 2.2 tracking equipment changes, improve regulations <BR> (1) the development of regulations in line with the actual site. Keep abreast of the changes in equipment, as well as the characteristics and performance of the site equipment, timely revision of safety precautions, revision of the relevant rules and regulations.

<BR>(2)Improve the construction and handover, training system. The construction department should have the obligation and responsibility to train the technical management personnel of the station (including the receiving department's industrial and electrical maintenance department) and the operating personnel, and have the responsibility to follow up and deal with the unexpected problems occurring in the use, limiting the minimum tracking time; the receiving department's maintenance personnel should master the characteristics of the equipment, the performance and the ability to deal with the malfunctions as soon as possible.

<BR> (3) strict training induction system.

<BR>(4) the development of special circumstances, receiving and dispatching train operating standards. Harbin Railway Bureau is studying the development of equipment suitable for the Council's characteristics of the "normal circumstances to receive and send the train operating standards.

<BR>2.3 Strengthen the quality of personnel, the implementation of operational standards

<BR>(1) strengthen the position of the relevant knowledge should know should be trained. Formulate the scope of each type of work should know and must know, regular study, assessment and hold technical competitions, the introduction of incentives and job rotation system.

<BR>(2)Conduct education on accident cases, enhance the ideology of safety first, and strengthen the understanding of regulations by operators.

<BR>(3)Strengthen the power outage, construction, temporary equipment failure and other cases of "receiving and dispatching the train operating standards" of the study, and often carry out non-normal circumstances of receiving and dispatching the train and emergency response capacity of the practical exercises to improve the non-normal circumstances of the ability to deal with the strain.

<BR> (4) the construction of the strict implementation of the registration, elimination of records system, the strict implementation of the principle of single command. Grasp the threat of transportation safety of the 3 times: the beginning of construction, construction is completed when debugging, equipment temporary failure.

<BR>(5)Strict management to create a group of well-trained, can strictly implement the rules and regulations, operational standardization of the workforce.

<BR>(3) Eliminate unstable factors, lay a solid safety . "Three precepts": a quit shirking responsibilities. Avoid the department's nativism, shirking each other, the responsibility is not clear easy to produce security loopholes; two quit information blockage. From the report of the construction program to the construction of the whole process, the system, the system between the business sections, as well as between the various types of work to strengthen the communication and contact of information, to avoid uninformed blind operation; three quit fighting on their own. Construction should consider the coordination between the systems to provide each other with convenient conditions.

<BR> "five strong": ① Strengthen the construction program submission and approval. Construction department reported construction projects, content, scope of impact, construction time to be accurate; transportation department of the construction program should be prepared scientifically to avoid accidents during construction. ② Strengthen the role and authority of the Chief Engineer's Office in the organization and coordination of construction. ③ Strengthen the role of construction coordination meeting. All the construction and construction-related departments to report on the construction of the preparation, coordination matters to form the minutes of the meeting, the Chief Engineer's Office is responsible for supervising and checking the implementation of the implementation of any party can not be implemented construction. ④ Strengthen the control of the station on the construction safety combination. According to the characteristics of the station equipment, the development of practical safety measures. Focus on 5 links: the scope of influence, key operations, key positions, operating procedures, and meet the standards. ⑤ Strengthen the implementation of operation standards. Each system should strictly implement the construction operation regulations and operation standards.

<BR> construction strictly "seven passes": ① hold construction coordination pass. Involving multiple departments, multiple units of construction, the combination of clear division of labor, the implementation of responsibility. ② Hold please point off. Strictly implement the principle of construction without traffic, traffic without construction, can be included in the "sunroof" within the maintenance operations, all in the "sunroof". ③ Hold the site monitoring. Monitoring cadres should focus on checking the implementation of safety measures. (4) Hold the construction test and train release. Near the end of the construction, the construction site and personnel are prone to busy phenomenon, not fully equipped to open the conditions, resolutely do not release the train. ⑤ Hold the utilization and control of traveling equipment during construction. It is strictly prohibited to exceed the scope of construction, construction program does not involve the traveling equipment, are not allowed to move, especially not allowed to move the traveling equipment in advance for construction preparation. (6) hold the abnormal situation of receiving and dispatching train operations. Strictly control the construction of the "closure, access, credentials" three levels. (7) hold the train running organization. Mechanical, car department should study the "construction program", according to the scheduling order correctly show the "running reveals", the preparation of the "construction of the map"; locomotive crew, running captains should be familiar with the construction program, carefully transcribe the "running reveals".

<BR> railroad is a large joint machine, must be various types of work together. With the large number of new railroad technology, new equipment, strengthen the construction process of equipment, systems, coordination between personnel, cooperation, and the management of the combination, will be able to achieve self-control, mutual control, other control, to ensure the continued stability of railroad transportation safety.