Independence Day:1June 9 (196 1 year)
National Day: February 25th (1950, 1 1 Amir's Ascension Day).
National flag: it is a horizontal rectangle with an aspect ratio of 2:1. One side near the flagpole is a black trapezoid, and the right side is composed of green, white and red stripes from top to bottom. Black symbolizes victory over the enemy, green represents oasis, white represents purity, and red symbolizes bloodshed for the motherland. There is also a saying that black symbolizes the battlefield and red symbolizes the future.
National emblem: round. A white falcon spreads its wings and forms a circle with sea water, blue sky, white clouds and sailing boats, symbolizing Kuwait in history. The falcon has a shield-shaped flag pattern on its chest, and the upper part of its round face says "Kuwait State" in Arabic.
Head of State: Jaber Ahmed Jaber al-Ahmed al-Sabah, 1977 1 February 3, 20081,namely 13 Emir.
Physical geography: area 178 18 square kilometers. Located on the northwest coast of the Persian Gulf in West Asia, it borders Iraq in the west and north, Saudi Arabia in the south and the Persian Gulf in the east. The coastline is 2 13 km long. The northeast is alluvial plain, the rest is desert plain, and some hills are interspersed among them. The terrain is high in the west and low in the east. Rivers and lakes with water in uncertain years. Groundwater resources are abundant, but fresh water is scarce. Bubiyan, Faraka and other islands 10 or above. The tropical desert climate is hot and dry.
Population: 2.24 million (200 1). Among them, Kuwait has a population of 850,000, accounting for 38% of the total population. The number of foreigners is 6.5438+0.39 million, accounting for 62%. Foreigners are mainly Palestinians and Egyptians, and the rest are Indians, Iranians, Pakistanis and other Arabs. Arabic is the official language and English is widely used. Islam is the state religion, and 95% of the residents believe in Islam, of which about 70% are Sunnis and 30% are Shiites.
Capital: Kuwait City, population 380,000 (2000).
Brief history: It was part of the Arab Empire in the 7th century, and the Khalid family ruled Kuwait from 158 1. 17 10, the Sabah family of Aneza tribe living in Arabian peninsula moved to Kuwait. /kloc-gained sovereignty in 0/756 and established the emirate of Kuwait. 1822 British governor moved from Basra to Kuwait. 187 1 year, Kuwait became a county in Basra province of the Ottoman Empire. 1899, Britain forced Keke to sign a secret agreement with Keke, and Britain became the suzerain of Keke. 1939 officially became a British protectorate. 1954, the Supreme Council headed by Sheikh Abdullah Sabah was established. 1960 took over the judicial power and monetary management power from the British. Kuwait declared independence. 1990 was invaded by Iraq on August 2nd, which triggered the Gulf War. 199 1 On March 6, 2000, the Gulf War ended, and Kuwaiti Emir Jaber and other government officials returned to Kuwait.
Politics: Kuwait is a hereditary monarchy emirate, and the Emir is the head of state and the supreme commander of the armed forces. All laws and treaties and agreements signed with foreign countries can only take effect after being approved by the Emir. All political parties are prohibited in China. Important cabinet positions are held by members of the royal family. Kuwait is a completely independent Arab country, Islam is the state religion, and its teachings are the basis of legislation. The Amir must be inherited by the descendants of Mubarak Sabah. Legislative power is exercised by the Emir and the Parliament, and the Emir has the right to dissolve the Parliament and postpone its session; Executive power is exercised by the Amir, the Prime Minister and cabinet ministers; Judicial power is exercised by the court in the name of the Amir within the scope prescribed by the Constitution; The appointment of the Crown Prince is nominated by the Emir and passed by the Parliament; The Amir appoints and dismisses the Prime Minister, and appoints and dismisses cabinet ministers according to the nomination of the Prime Minister. The National Assembly is a legislative body with a unicameral system. Its main functions are: to formulate and pass various national laws and regulations; Supervise the implementation of national finance; Exercise all kinds of political rights. Parliament consists of 50 members elected by the whole country and current cabinet ministers, with a term of four years. The government is composed of the Crown Prince, the Prime Minister and cabinet ministers, and is responsible for implementing the domestic and foreign policies of the country and is accountable to the Emir.
Economy: Kuwait is rich in oil and natural gas reserves. The proven oil reserves are 96.8 billion barrels, accounting for 10.8% of the world's reserves, ranking fourth in the world. Natural gas reserves 1.498 trillion cubic meters, accounting for 1. 1% of the world's reserves. Oil is the main source of Kuwait's fiscal revenue and the pillar of its national economy. Its output value accounts for 40% of GDP and 95% of foreign exchange earned by export. The output value of non-oil production accounts for 60% of GDP (including agriculture and fishery 0.4%, manufacturing 13.3%, electricity and water 0. 1%, construction 2.7%, wholesale and retail 6.3%, catering and hotel 0.8%, transportation, warehousing and communication 4.6%, financial 4% and so on). In recent years, while focusing on the development of petroleum and petrochemical industries, the government has emphasized the development of diversified businesses, reduced dependence on oil and continuously increased foreign investment. Industry is mainly oil exploration, smelting and petrochemical industry. At present, the export quota of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is 2 million barrels per day, and the actual daily output is 2.2 million barrels. The daily refining capacity is 860,000 barrels. The main oil field in Kuwait is Big Burgan oil field located in the southeast of Kuwait. Dabugan Oilfield is the largest sandstone oilfield in the world, and the second largest oilfield in the world after Gaval Oilfield. The arable land area in Kuwait is about 14 182 hectares, and the soilless arable land area is about 156 hectares. In recent years, the government attaches great importance to the development of agriculture, but the proportion of agricultural output value to GDP is only 1. 1%. Mainly to produce vegetables, agriculture and animal husbandry products mainly rely on imports. There are abundant fishery resources, such as prawn, grouper and yellow croaker. Foreign trade plays an important role in the economy. Exports mainly include oil, natural gas and chemical products, and oil exports account for 95% of the total exports. Imported goods include machinery, transportation equipment, industrial products, grains and food.
Press and publication: There are 7 kinds of daily newspapers in China, including 5 Arabic editions: Public Opinion, Politics, Torch, Motherland and News; There are two English versions: Kuwait Times and Arab Times. There are 56 magazines, most of which are run by the people. Kuwait News Agency is a national news agency, which was established on June1956+1October 65438. Since June 1980, articles have been published abroad in Arabic and English. Kuwait Radio was founded in 195 1 and broadcasts in Arabic and English. Kuwait Television was established in 1962 and 65438+February, and broadcasts Arabic and English programs on four channels. Egyptian satellite TV programs are also broadcast through satellite receiving stations.
Diplomacy: Pursue the policy of peaceful neutrality and non-alignment, and advocate developing relations with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peace. It is emphasized that international disputes should be resolved through peaceful means and efforts should be made to safeguard Kuwait's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity. Maintaining sanctions against Iraq and seeking sympathy and protection from the international community are the focus of its diplomatic work. It has close relations with the United States and other western countries, and there are American troops stationed. Actively safeguard the unity of Arab countries, strive to strengthen ties with Islamic countries, emphasize the coordination and cooperation of GCC countries in the political, economic and military fields, safeguard the security and stability of the Gulf region, and advocate coordination with Damascus Declaration countries in regional security. In international affairs, Coe advocates the establishment of a just and reasonable new international order, opposes aggression and expansion, and believes that the United Nations should play a role in maintaining world security and peace. Advocate solving the debt problem of the third world. It is a member of the League of Arab States, the Arab Parliamentary Union, the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries.
Relations with China:1971On March 22nd, Kuwait established diplomatic relations with China.
The per capita annual income is 30,000-40,000 US dollars.
Kuwait is a "three highs" country, that is, high income, high consumption and high welfare. Kuwait's per capita national income ranks among the top in the world for a long time 10. Their welfare is even more eye-catching, free education, free utilities, free medical treatment and hospitalization, free income tax and various subsidies.