[Overview of Geranium, also known as paraffin oil and hydrangea, such as Geranium. Geranium leaves are dense and green, which is a good flower that blooms after energy-saving sunlight. It is colorful, lively and often unbeaten. Geranium is widely planted in Europe and is one of the main types of potted plants and flower beds. So far, the United States has done a lot of work on the application and improvement of geranium, and has become one of the three geraniums in the United States, Goldsmith and two Pan American seed companies. Seed geranium has been listed as the main product sold all over the world. Attach importance to the production and reproduction of geranium in Europe, Germany, Spain and Hungary, which regards geranium as the national flower. Geranium was mainly cultivated in China in the 1930' s, from the United States to Shanghai and Nanjing, and now it has a history of about 70 years. But for geranium, consciousness is not enough. It stays in the old variety and traditional production mode and develops unhappily. Until the recent start of production, the supply situation occurred from time to time. If new varieties and types of words are developed, their sales prospects are very broad.
[The morphological characteristics and varieties of geranium are perennial herbs. The base is slightly juicy in the woody stem. The leaves are heart-shaped, green, and often ring with horseshoes. Umbellies, drooping buds, red, white, pink, orange and other colors of corollas, as well as diseased plants, semi-double, double and tetraploid varieties. Common kinds of love (true love), morbid, red. Fantasia, big flower, semi-double, red. Chewing gum (bubble gum), color, crimson flower, pink flower. Purple ball 2. Semidouble purple flower. TangoViolet is a big flower with pure purple flowers. Meloda, big flower, semi-double flower, bright red. Jana (Yana), big flower, seed color, dark pink flower, purple flower. Songba (samba) is a big flower with crimson flowers. Arava, semi-double, light orange-red. Grape DesignerGrape), half a pair of flowers, purple, with a supercilious look. Lost the white (MaverickWhite), pure white flowers.
It is a common ornamental tree species, including amethyst and purple flower. 98(Lambada98, with pink flowers; Hong En (He Qi), semidouble, crimson; Wei potted flower, semi-double, pink; Tornado (Tomado), sick, white. Freckles of another tetraploid geranium with pink flowers (freckles); Four seasons red, big flowers, bright red flowers.
[Biological Characteristics] The origin of geranium in southern Africa. I like a warm, humid and sunny environment. Cold and poor, afraid of humidity and high temperature. On March 3rd, the optimum growth temperature was 19℃, and the overwintering temperature was 10 12, NE. It is semi-dormant from June to July, so watering should be strictly controlled. Suitable for fertile, loose and well-drained sandy loam. The temperature in winter is not lower than 65438 00℃, and the northeast region has strong short-term low temperature ability. Seed setting rate of varieties that need artificial pollination when they are sick. After about 40 to 50 days, the flowering seeds mature.
[Propagation method] It is often used for cultivation and cutting propagation.
Seed propagation: it can be carried indoors and in spring and autumn. The optimum temperature for germination is 2025, northeast China. Geranium geranium seeds are small, so they are not sown. After about 142 1 day of germination, it was deeply covered by soil. Flowers can bloom in autumn and summer the following year. Among the excellent varieties that can be propagated by sowing seedlings.
Cutting propagation: All plants can be cut except those that are dormant in June and July. Spring and autumn are better. The temperature is high in summer, and cutting is easy to turn black and rot. Select the top with the cutting length of 10 cm and the best growth potential. After cutting, cut again to dry the number of cuts, and then insert the mixed matrix film formed by expanded perlite and peat bed or sand, taking care not to damage the tree dander, otherwise the wound will rot. Insert the plug into the shade, and keep the room temperature at 13 18℃, 142 1, including the flowerpot with a root length of 34 cm after birth. Soaking the base of cuttings with 0.0 1% indole -D acid for 2 seconds can improve the survival rate and rooting rate of cuttings. Generally, flowering cuttings are used to raise seedlings for half a year, that is, monthly cuttings and flowering months; Cut in March, bloom in March, and the next year.
Geranium can also be used for tissue culture and reproduction. Callus and adventitious buds were induced on MS medium containing 0.00 1% indoleacetic acid and kinetin, and rooting was promoted with 0.0 1% indoleacetic acid. Tissue culture provides a new way to cultivate new varieties of geranium and Diego.
[Management] Pelargonium planting height 12 ~ 15cm, to promote the lateral branches of agricultural products. In hot summer, strictly control water, otherwise it will be in a semi-dormant state, for example, geranium pots are too wet, and leaves often fall off when they become Huang Shi. Fertilization should be applied once every half month in the growing season of stems, but the amount of nitrogen application should not be too much. The reproductive stem also needs to stop fertilizing and remove some leaves properly, which is beneficial to flowering. When flower buds are formed, 1 phosphate should be added every two weeks. Or "Huayou" 15- 15-30 special fertilizer for potted flowers. In order to control the height of unearthed plants and achieve the purpose of bright colors, it is very important to apply growth regulators in addition to the dwarf variety geranium. When geranium is planted in a pot of 12 cm or 15 cm for two weeks, it can be sprayed with 0. 15% chlormequat, or once a week for a long time, and then sprayed with 14 18 hours twice a day, which can effectively control geranium.
Just picking flowers, avoiding the consumption of nutrients, is conducive to the growth and flowering of new flowers. Generally, 34-year-old potted plants need updating. When you are in bloom in winter, you should put it in a sunny place, otherwise the drooping leaves will turn yellow. If artificial light is added in rainy and snowy weather, the flowering period will be better.
[Insect control] If the ventilation is poor and the pots are too wet, leaf spot and flowers will wither easily. If it is found, it should be deleted immediately to prevent the spread of infection, and the same amount of Bordeaux mixture should be sprayed. Leaves and flowers damaged by red spider and whitefly pests can be sprayed with 40% omethoate EC 1000 times solution.
Potted geranium 】【 Postpartum treatment 】 Suitable for public places where warm atmosphere is formed, such as halls, guest rooms, restaurants and meeting places. It is better to decorate the family balcony, windowsill and desk. Bloom flourishes all year round. Lucy's vegetation is scattered or decorated, decorating rock gardens, flower beds or flower diameters, and also showing geranium plant types and beautiful colors.