Light polyester and nylon fabrics are generally used in camping and mountaineering tents, which are relatively light to carry and can improve the density of fabrics in the warp and weft directions. Foreign high-end tents use 2 10T to 300T (warp and weft density). If the density is high, its waterproofness will be improved, but if the density is too high, it requires thin silk, so its strength will decrease.
There are many kinds of coatings for tents, including PU, PE and silver coating, and PU is the most ideal. The waterproof index of outer tents is generally 800~2500mmH2O, which will affect the permeability of tents if it is too high. Foreign top-grade tents are rarely above 2500. Moreover, the waterproof index of tents is only a dynamic waterproof index, not a static water pressure index. 2500mmH2O is only the instantaneous water pressure when it rains. If 2500 water column is used, it will definitely leak. The outer tents of most tents I have used will be soaked in rain for a long time. At this time, the design of the double-layer tent embodies its advantages, and the water droplets collected on the inner side of the outer tent will slide to the ground (if the outer tent has poor waterproof performance and it rains heavily, the water droplets on the inner tent will directly drop). According to these characteristics, it is recommended not to choose a single-story tent for camping and mountaineering, because the water drops from a single-story tent will slip into the tent.
Light polyester, nylon and polyester-cotton breathable fabrics are generally used for camping and mountaineering. The advantage of polyester cotton is good hygroscopicity, but it is easy to get moldy. The advantage of polyester and nylon is that it is easy to care for. Some inner curtains are large-area mesh cloth, which has the advantage of good air permeability and the disadvantage of too much light. In summer, only the inner curtain is used, so you can clearly see the inside from the outside, and it is easy to go out when you sleep.
PE, ordinary nylon and Oxford cloth are used for camping and mountaineering tents. Low-grade PE sole, PE is not wear-resistant, easy to age and fragile. The tear-resistant nylon sole for alpine tents is light in weight, poor in wear resistance and easy to puncture. Oxford is the most mature. Oxford cloth is named after the thickness index d of silk. 2 10D is thicker than 150D, with better wear resistance and higher weight. The higher the waterproof index of primer, the better, generally 2000~50000mmH2O.
The tent poles of camping and mountaineering tents generally use fiberglass poles and aluminum poles. The advantage of glass fiber rod is that it is cheap, but the disadvantage is that it is easy to age, brittle crack, break and weigh. The advantage of aluminum rod is light weight and high strength, but the disadvantage is high price. The material of aluminum rod is 7075T9 or 700 1T6. In the early stage, aluminum rods can only be produced in Korea, the United States and Germany. Germany has the best quality and South Korea has the highest cost performance, so most of the aluminum poles in the aluminum pole tent are made in South Korea. A few years ago, domestic aluminum bars were all imported from South Korea, and they came in only after the complete set of yards was set. Later, in order to save costs, domestic aluminum pipes were imported from South Korea and cut and assembled by themselves, also known as Korean aluminum bars. Recently, I heard that a former military enterprise that makes missile shells in China can also make aluminum tubes, but the raw materials are also Korean. EASTON 7075 is printed on the original aluminum pole set in Korea.
Many friends think that camping and mountaineering tents should be tightened inside and outside. In fact, the tent outside should be tied tightly by the rubber rope of the nail, and the tent inside the hanging rod should be slightly loose. This design has a certain expansion space under strong wind. You can go to see the wind tunnel test of MSR tent.
Precautions for the use of camping and mountaineering tents:
1, when putting up a tent, the outer tent must be stretched straight to avoid contact with the inner tent, so as to prevent the water droplets in the waterproof outer tent from infiltrating into the inner tent;
2. The tent should not be exposed to the sun at high temperature, and the bottom cloth should not be placed on the beach and the ground at high temperature to prevent PU from aging and avoid the decline of waterproof performance;
3. When collecting the tent, roll it slowly and drive away the air in the tent directionally. If the air rolls around the tent and there is no exit, the air can only break through the waterproof layer, which will greatly affect the waterproof performance.