the improvement of high-rise building engineering technology has promoted the development of the whole construction level of workers and civilians. The application of more advanced construction technology and new construction machinery has brought many new challenges to the construction organization and management of high-rise buildings. If scientific overall management cannot be achieved, the interests of the construction will be affected. In order to improve the particularity and importance of the construction organization and management of high-rise buildings, this paper has made some discussions.
High-rise building is an inevitable product of urban development and a production activity with huge resources input. As a city building group, high-rise buildings have the characteristics of high floors, large body and deep foundation burial. In the construction process, there are many works, many procedures, and strict requirements for continuity and safety, which brings difficulties to construction technology and organization management, so scientific construction organization and arrangement are particularly important.
1. project summary
this project is a comprehensive commercial plaza in Changsha, with two 21-story symmetrical buildings, four-story podium and zero-story basement. The south main building is a commercial and residential building, and the north main building is a commercial building. 1-4 floors are commercial buildings such as restaurants, entertainment and shopping malls, 5 floors are pipeline floors, and the basement is garage and equipment floors.
2. overall construction process control
the overall construction process belongs to the highest level of construction process, which reflects the construction flow relationship between various units (regions) in high-rise building projects. It is the management core of high-rise construction project and the key to realize the combination of economy and technology. Mastering it can carefully study and arrange the labor allocation, material construction, mechanical equipment, labor time and construction method of the project. Do know fairly well and ensure the orderly development of the project.
2.1 construction flow control
the division of construction flow section should focus on the main structure of high-rise buildings; The tower can be divided into three areas: the main core area, the main peripheral area and the area outside the main body. The area outside the main body can be further subdivided according to the project scale and the needs of the construction organization. The relationship between the tower and other areas varies with different construction stages. In the construction stage of underground structure, the tower and other areas are closely connected through the basement, and the relationship is complicated. There are many changes in running water construction methods, and different running water construction methods are adopted, resulting in completely different effects. Therefore, the research on the overall process of high-rise building construction focuses on the underground structure construction stage. In the construction stage of underground structure, the overall process of high-rise building construction has three basic ways: parallel construction, sequential construction and flowing water construction. The three running water construction methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and should be selected reasonably according to the construction characteristics of super high-rise buildings. In this project, in order to shorten the construction period and recover the investment as soon as possible, the tower-first construction flow method is adopted.
2.2 tower construction process
the working surface of tower construction is narrow, but there are many construction procedures. There are more than 11 processes in structural engineering construction alone, and each process needs relatively independent working space and time. Therefore, the working space of tower construction is extremely valuable, and it is necessary to arrange the working space reasonably in the vertical direction according to the construction technology sequence according to the construction characteristics of super high-rise buildings to ensure the bottom-up flow construction of each process. By reasonably arranging the construction process, this project has realized the orderly overlapping flow of each sub-project with an average construction speed of 3 d／/floor, and its experience is worth learning.
3. Construction progress plan
Construction progress plan is an important part of construction organization design, and it is also an important means to implement project management. Construction progress plan is the time planning of project construction, which stipulates the start and end time, construction sequence and construction speed of project construction, and is an effective tool to control the construction period. There are four main types of schedule: general schedule, unit project schedule, division project schedule and resource requirement plan.
3.1 general construction schedule
the general construction schedule is the time embodiment of various construction activities on the construction site. Compiling the general construction schedule is to make time arrangements for all the engineering projects in the whole site according to the construction scheme and the development procedures of the engineering projects in the construction deployment. Correctly compiling the general construction schedule is an important condition to ensure the timely delivery of construction projects and reduce the project construction cost of super high-rise buildings.
3.2 tower construction progress plan
the tower construction progress plan belongs to the unit project construction progress plan, which is based on the established construction plan, the specified construction period and various resource allocation conditions, and the principle of reasonable construction sequence and organization of construction during the construction process. Use crossing diagram, network diagram or image diagram to determine the arrangement and overlapping relationship of each sub-project in time and space from the beginning of construction to the completion of the tower.
4. Mainly specialized in construction technology and management control
4.1 steel bar engineering
4.11 platform floor, tube wall and other steel mesh binding. The intersection of two rows of steel bars should be fastened at each point, and the middle part should be fastened every other plum blossom; For the steel mesh with two-way main reinforcement, the intersection points of all the steel bars should be fastened firmly, and attention should be paid to the wire at the adjacent binding points to form a figure of eight when binding, so as to avoid skew and deformation of the mesh well.
convex Φ12 bracing bars should be placed between the upper and lower rows of steel bars on the floor to ensure the spacing between the two rows of steel bars. Correctly, the steel bar of the tube body shall be "∽" hoop and concrete cushion block. Column with lead wire concrete pad, beam and slab with concrete pad to control the concrete protective layer.
4.12 stirrups in columns or beams should be perpendicular to the main reinforcement, stirrup corners and fork points of longitudinal reinforcement should be fastened, and the fork points of stirrups and longitudinal reinforcement can be fastened into clubs or staggered to prevent the skeleton from being skewed; Stirrup joints are staggered in the beam along the longitudinal direction on two vertical bars, staggered in the column along the vertical direction and at the intersection point of stirrups and vertical bars at the corner of the column.
4.13 the upper reinforcement of cantilever plate and outlet should be positioned correctly to prevent cracks from appearing on the surface of awning plate and overhanging plate, and the upper reinforcement of awning plate and overhanging plate should be supported and fixed by brackets.
4.2 Formwork Project
There are five specifications of columns in this project, and nine plywood panels with angle iron frames are used as stereotypes. The arc beams are made of 51mm thick wood floor and steel stereotypes. Other beams and platforms use 51mm thick planks and nine splints, and the support system adopts portal multifunctional scaffolding.
during the installation of formwork and support, sufficient temporary fixing facilities must be provided to prevent overturning, the stay rod should be vertical, and the lap joint should be firmly sealed, so as not to leak slurry, explode the formwork and deform.
The inner formwork of the elevator shaft adopts cylinder formwork, and the derrick is fixed. The formwork is lifted by the fairy hoist, and the outer formwork adopts the special sheet-shaped large formwork for shaping, and the position and section size are controlled by the opposite bolts.
4.3 concrete engineering
4.3.1 The upper structure of each floor shall be poured twice, that is, 1 times for column and tube wall and 1 times for beam and slab. There are two methods for concrete pouring: at present, the tower crane of on-site mixing station is used, and the high-speed derrick is used for horizontal and vertical transportation; Manpower trolley; Pouring point Next, the on-site mixing station is adopted; Concrete fixed pump; Vertical and horizontal pipes; Floor cloth machine; Pouring point
4.3.2 pumping concrete
a, arrangement of conveying pipes: the ratio of the length of vertical conveying pipe to the length of horizontal conveying pipe should be no more than 3: 1, the horizontal conveying pipe should be conveyed upward from the fixed pump through the bent pipe, and the vertical conveying pipe should be conveyed upward through the pipe shaft. Embedded iron pieces should be placed on the shaft wall every 2m, and the vertical conveying pipe should be fixed on the shaft, and the horizontal conveying pipe should be supported by φ 48× 35 steel foot hand pipe.
b, the concrete fixed pump is arranged at the discharge VI of the mixer. When pouring, a cloth feeder shall be set up, and a supporting platform with a height of 51cm shall be set up at the setting point with φ 48 steel pipe and scaffolding, and the support at the platform shall be strengthened.
4.4 vertical transportation machinery and equipment
The maximum service workload of vertical transportation machinery is wooden patterns, steel bars, concrete, pipelines and scaffold materials in the upper structure construction layer, interior and exterior wall materials, floors, doors and windows and other decorative materials in the middle construction layer, and various decorative materials in the lower part. For this reason, each main building is equipped with a QTZ281 attached tower crane with a height of lOOm, a high-speed derrick cargo elevator attached to the wall and a passenger and cargo construction elevator.
Tower cranes are mainly used for structural construction, while high-speed derricks and construction elevators are mainly used for decorative construction. When the tower crane is affected by wind and snow and its own technical parameters, the high-speed derrick and construction elevator are ready for use.
each main building is equipped with 3-4 construction movable steel platforms, which are used together with tower cranes. A large number of templates and accessories in the floors are reshaped and cleaned, and then transported to the upper construction floor to continue to use on the premise of ensuring quality, so as to reduce the consumption of circulating materials, improve the utilization rate of machinery and J and improve the field capacity.
5. Conclusion
Due to the large-scale development of high-rise buildings, new materials, new processes and new technologies are constantly emerging. The complexity of the structure increases, and the requirements for advanced decoration are high, so the requirements for technical wood management are getting higher and higher. Therefore, it is more important to do a good job in the construction organization of high-rise buildings, and we should constantly sum up and improve the construction management experience so that the construction organization can really play a role in the construction of high-rise buildings.
this paper introduces the content of "high-rise building construction technology and management control". Welcome to visit Zhongda Consulting for more information.
for more information about the engineering/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, you can click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd