The disinfection facilities of Bagongshan Sewage Treatment Plant of Huainan Capital Water Co., Ltd. are not running. The monitoring results of drainage sampling show that the ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater of this treatment plant is 1 1.4mg/L, which exceeds the standard by 0.425 times, and the fecal coliforms are more than 24,000 /L, which exceeds the standard by more than 23 times.
The monitoring results of state-controlled sewage treatment plants in the fourth quarter of 20 13 in Anhui Province also showed that the fecal coliform emissions of Bengbu No.1 sewage treatment plant, Tongling Xinmin sewage treatment plant, Tongling Xihu sewage treatment co., Ltd. and Fuyang Chuangye Water Co., Ltd. were not up to standard, the total phosphorus emissions of Huaiyuan sewage treatment plant were not up to standard, and the chemical aerobic emissions of Anhui Hexian Changjiang Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd. were not up to standard.
Wang Jiaquan, a professor at the School of Resources and Environmental Engineering of Hefei University of Technology, believes that the reason for this situation is that the old factory did not design, build and operate according to the current Class A emission standards. "For example, the most common fecal coliform indicators need to be disinfected before they can be discharged, but some factories or designed disinfection facilities cannot meet the current standards, or the disinfection dose is insufficient, and the process or facilities are not up to standard, resulting in excessive discharge." In addition, season, management and equipment maintenance will affect the quality of sewage treatment and directly affect whether the discharge is qualified or not.
Secondly, there are human factors, such as inadequate management, poor stability of equipment, especially the non-implementation and non-implementation of various laws, regulations and technical standards caused by the neglect of some people.
Wang Jiaquan analyzed: "Take fecal coliforms as an example. At present, the latest technology uses ozone for disinfection, but the cost is high. Many sewage treatment plants do not use ozone or reduce their consumption in order to reduce costs and gain more profits. This kind of artificial lowering of standards, irregular operation or failure to update technical processes is also an important factor leading to substandard sewage treatment. "
How to solve these problems? Zhang Jingyu, a researcher at the Urban Construction Department of the Anhui Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, believes that first of all, some sewage treatment plants built in the early stage should be upgraded to meet the treatment requirements of emission standards as soon as possible.
It is reported that not only Anhui, but also the existing sewage treatment enterprises in many provinces are basically designed and built according to the national first-class B standard. In order to meet the newly issued discharge standard, namely Class A standard, these sewage treatment plants must be upgraded. It is difficult to achieve stable emission standards by relying on the existing treatment technology and level.
Zhang Jingyu revealed that in recent years, Anhui Province has strengthened the upgrading of this part of sewage treatment plants. Last year, the 18 regulation project was completed, and this year there will be 18 regulation projects in Huaihe River and Chaohu Lake Basin. In Hefei, in 20 13 years, five old factories have been upgraded, and the effluent quality of other sewage treatment plants has reached the first-class A discharge standard except Chaohu sewage treatment plant.
Secondly, increase investment in sewage treatment plants, supporting pipe networks and upgrading projects, straighten out the operation mechanism and formulate reasonable profit space. The reporter learned that the current construction of sewage treatment plants can be roughly divided into: government investment or government and social capital investment. In terms of government investment, the central government subsidy funds are gradually compressed, mainly relying on local governments; In terms of operation, it can be roughly divided into government self-operation, construction enterprise operation, or the government entrusts professional companies to operate through bidding.
In this regard, industry insiders suggest that to ensure the healthy development of sewage treatment plants and "keep up with the pace of urbanization", we must first solve the problem of insufficient construction funds; Secondly, it is necessary to straighten out the operation mechanism of sewage treatment plants, ensure earmarking and ensure normal operation; Thirdly, in attracting social capital to invest and operate, it is necessary to define a reasonable profit range, which can not only attract funds through reasonable profit space, but also ensure reasonable and controllable profits.
At the same time, it is necessary to establish a strict accountability mechanism and increase penalties for sewage treatment plants that exceed the standard. Wang Jiaquan said that we must first improve supervision. It can be said that from a purely technical point of view, there is no possibility that sewage treatment will not meet the standard. Only by perfecting supervision, ensuring the implementation of various standards and improving the management level and standardization of sewage treatment plants can the problem of substandard sewage treatment be fundamentally eliminated.
Wang Jiaquan believes that since most sewage treatment plants are currently rewarded with sewage treatment capacity, apart from supervision and punishment, there is still a lack of feasible "incentive mechanism" to urge sewage treatment plants to actively study technology, improve technology and strengthen management. To this end, he suggested improving the emission trading system and platform as soon as possible to make emission trading smoother.
"When the treatment capacity and quality of sewage treatment plants are continuously improved, and the difference between allowable emissions and actual emissions can gain practical benefits through emission trading, sewage treatment plants will fundamentally gain power and better reflect the value of environmental resources."