For the current situation of our food safety to analyze the reasons for the existence of safety hazards and think about the countermeasures Executive Summary Food refers to a variety of finished products and raw materials for human consumption or drinking, as well as according to the tradition of both food and medicines, but does not include items for therapeutic purposes. With the globalization of the economy, food hygiene and safety have become a hot topic of great concern. In recent years, food safety incidents have been occurring in some countries and regions of the world, and with the extensive use of chemicals and new technologies in food processing, new food safety problems have been emerging. Despite the development of modern science and technology to a considerable level, foodborne diseases have not been effectively controlled in both developed and developing countries, and still seriously jeopardize people's health, becoming one of the most concerned health issues in the world today. Therefore, as far as the seriousness of the food safety problem itself is concerned, it is still urgent to emphasize and vigorously solve this problem. Keywords Food Safety Hidden Dangers Present Situation Foodborne Diseases Regulatory Situation Suggestions I. Preface There is a saying in China that food is the most important thing for the people. Food is the most basic material condition on which human beings rely for survival and development. There is another saying in China: illness enters by the mouth. The unsafe quality of food will affect people's health. The safety of food is related to the life, survival and continuity of all human beings, and it is an important topic for human development. It is because of the huge potential of the food market, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, in recent years, China's food processing industry has gained unprecedented development, so that a variety of new types of food endless. Every day, as long as we turn on the TV, read the newspaper, you can see a large number of various types of food advertising. On the street, whether in shopping malls, supermarkets and even street stalls, food occupies a major share of the market. In the recent period, with the further improvement of the transparency of various industries, the quality of food has been frequently exposed by the media, which directly led to the safety of the food industry has become a major theme of the most common concern of the people. Nowadays, food safety is already a "big problem" for consumers in China, which is related to the health and safety of consumers and even the next generation, and it is one of the most important threats to the health of the public **** at present. Therefore, the importance of food safety has become an important aspect of the quality of life of the people, the level of social management and the construction of the country's legal system. We see the world's food safety problems at the same time, should understand the problems and deficiencies of China's food safety legal system, the relevant government departments at all levels should attach great importance to this issue, to further strengthen and improve China's food safety legal system, advancing with the times, which is particularly important and urgent at present. Second, the current situation of food safety in China for a long time, about all kinds of poor-quality food reports almost become a major topic that we can see in the media every other day. For example, about poor quality milk powder, poor quality flour, poor quality rice, poor quality soy products, dyed white fans, water-injected meat, Sudan red and now is making a fuss about the melamine incident, etc., we can make a long list. These frequently exposed shady practices in food processing are no longer unfamiliar to consumers. Regulatory authorities at all levels for this enforcement checks, has never stopped, and will be in the annual New Year's Day, the Spring Festival and other major festivals to increase the intensity of law enforcement inspections, in 2007 also carried out a national food safety hazards of the large-scale investigation. And successively formulated a variety of laws and regulations, such as the "Chinese People's *** and State Food Hygiene Law", "Chinese People's *** and State Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Law", "Guangdong Province, the quality and safety of edible agricultural products regulations", etc., visible to China's food safety rectification efforts have an iron hand. But it is puzzling that, over the years, the work of the regulatory authorities at all levels can not be said not to work hard, but the poor quality of food is still endless, as immediately after the staging of food containing "melamine" ingredients continue to come to light, posing a serious threat to people's lives and health, from time to time, let us be on edge. Currently there are five major problems in the field of food safety in China: foodborne diseases caused by microorganisms, pesticide residues in planting and breeding and veterinary drug residues, low awareness of law-abiding producers and operators, the application of new technologies in food production brought about by food safety issues, the impact of the environment on food safety. These problems have led to a very uneven development of the food production industry in China. There have been two major food safety incidents in China that still haunt people. One of them was the outbreak of the Hepatitis A pandemic in Shanghai in early 1988 as a result of the consumption of contaminated arkshells by members of the public. At that time, the number of patients amounted to 310,000, resulting in a number of deaths, restrictions on the travel of Shanghai residents (that is, to other places), the return of foodstuffs to be exported, and heavy losses to the economy. Another incident was the avian flu that occurred in Hong Kong in December 1997, which had a great impact on the export of poultry meat from China. In recent years, major food safety incidents that jeopardize people's health or even endanger their lives have occurred frequently, and their number and degree of harm are on the rise. For example, in 2001, the case of "hanging white block" added to white sugar in Zhejiang Province; the case of "hair water" soy sauce in Chongqing; the case of poor-quality rice in Guangdong Province; the case of puffer fish poisoning in Jiangxi Province; the case of unidentified mutton in Inner Mongolia; the case of infusion bottles of soy sauce in Tianjin; the case of diseased pork processed in Jiangxi Province; the case of "sick pork" processed in Jiangxi Province; and the case of "sick pork" processed in Jiangxi Province. The case of sick pork processing food in Jiangxi Province; the case of illegal processing of shoddy food in Chongqing Municipality; the case of food poisoning of more than 60 people in Hangzhou Municipality and more than 100 people in Xinyi County of Guangdong Province due to the consumption of pork containing "Lean Meat Extract" (i.e., clenbuterol hydrochloride); and then the case of malachite green, Sudan red, and big-headed babies today, The cases of malachite green, Sudan red, big-headed babies, melamine, and so on. In addition, food poisoning caused by counterfeit wine, pesticide residues, and the addition of prohibited substances to food or feed, resulting in deaths and mass hospitalization of a large number of people, occurs from time to time. According to experts' estimates, the total number of people involved in food poisoning reports in China each year is 2 to 40,000, but this figure is less than one tenth of the actual number of cases, which means that the number of people who suffer from food poisoning in China each year is about 200,000 to 400,000 people. From the various cases and figures, it is enough to make us alarmed, this time bomb is around us, ready to explode. Therefore, the rectification of food safety, improve food safety factor, so that we can eat safe, food safety, these efforts can not be delayed. Third, the existence of food safety hazards of the main factors carefully recall this series of food problems, found that it is not an accidental coincidence, but under the current special conditions of multiple socio-economic and ethical factors **** with the results of the role. First of all, agricultural planting and food processing operations caused by improper, abusive use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, the processing process is contaminated. China is currently in the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the original system in the new economic situation is obviously some of the "force", which gives some criminals to provide an opportunity to take advantage of the blind spots and loopholes in the law, they make use of the current fraud, in order to seek illegal profits. The current public indifference to the concept of food safety has also greatly aggravated the danger of food safety, in addition, the current social "money first" "profit first" moral concept is undoubtedly deeper the harm of counterfeiters. Looking at all the reasons, we can easily find that the present food safety problem is not an isolated phenomenon, but is inextricably linked with our present special social environment. (A), from the cause of disease and poisoning to analyze the causes of food safety hazards 1, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other harmful substances residues in agricultural products due to the abuse of pesticides in more than one and do not comply with the requirements of pesticide abuse, China's annual pesticide-induced food poisoning has occurred time and again, in particular, residual organophosphorus poisoning in vegetables. Organic phosphorus residues in vegetables are absorbed by the body, and then transported to all organs of the body through the bloodstream, resulting in poisoning, and in serious cases, life-threatening. The phenomenon of organophosphorus residues in our agricultural products exceeding the national standard is more prominent. And then a large number of our country every year, excessive or unreasonable application of fertilizers on crops, so that fertilizer residues in the soil is getting heavier and heavier, improper application of fertilizers, fertilizer abuse production of vegetables on human health is no less a threat than the pesticide residues in vegetables. Nitrate itself is not toxic, but in the human mouth and stomach and intestines will be reduced to nitrite under the action of bacteria. When a large number of nitrite aggregation may cause poisoning, long-term intake, can induce cancer of the digestive system. Epidemiological experiments have proved that nitrate and nitrite and food inherent amine compounds are precursor substances of carcinogen nitrosamine, and the cancer-inducing time of nitrosamine is shortened with the increase of intake by human body.2. Antibiotics, hormones and other hazardous substances remain in the body of poultry, animals and aquatic products in order to prevent and treat the disease of poultry, animals and aquatic products with the large number of antibiotics, sulfonamides and other chemical drugs, which often causes Drug residues in animal tissues. Veterinary drug residues include both the original drug and the metabolites of the drug in the animal body. In foodstuffs the potential health and safety problems will be increased due to the side-effects of the drugs themselves or the growth of drug-resistant bacterial populations. In recent years, clenbuterol hydrochloride ("leptin") stimulant has been used in large quantities in China because it can produce enough lean meat in poultry and livestock, thus causing more consumers who consume food with "leptin" residues to suffer from toxicity, and even death in serious cases.3 Heavy metal contamination has a significant impact on the health and safety of food, Heavy metal pollution heavy metal pollution on food safety is very serious, it belongs to the category of chemical pollution. According to analysis, heavy metal pollution to cadmium pollution is more serious, followed by mercury, lead and so on. Most of the metals in the body has accumulation, long half-life, can produce acute and chronic toxic reactions, there may also be teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic potential hazards. At present, China's children lead pollution is more serious.4, overuse of food additives overuse may cause harm to the human body. By the quality and technical supervision departments, there have been in the flour over the limit of 5 times added whitening agent "benzoyl peroxide"; in the pickles in the amount of over 20 times the use of benzoic acid; in the drinks of chemical synthetic sweeteners and so on. 5, toxin contamination toxin contamination is currently an extremely serious food safety problems. Toxins mainly from nature, such as in recent years, China's frequent "poisoned rice" events, that is, aflatoxin contamination. 6, the abuse of non-food processing chemical additives in food processing and manufacturing process, the illegal use and addition of chemical substances beyond the scope of application of food regulations (the vast majority of which is harmful to human health). Such as improving the taste of rice flour, bamboo curd using "hanging white block" (a chemical raw material, the scientific name of the formaldehyde sodium bisulfate), etc. 7, food manufacturing using low-quality raw materials, food processing using low-quality raw materials to the food safety caused by a great potential danger. For example, cooked meat products are processed with diseased animals and poultry; fried foods are processed with "gutter oil", etc. 8. Counterfeit Foods In recent years, counterfeit foods have been rampant in some areas, especially in rural areas. For example, soy sauce and vinegar are mixed with synthetic chemicals; industrial alcohol is used to make fake wine, and methanol is used to fake white wine, etc. Inadequate control of pathogenic microorganisms determines that raw materials and degree of processing of food products have certain microbial growth conditions, and microorganisms will multiply in the process of food processing and manufacturing and in the process of packaging, storage and transportation when there is a little carelessness. Most of the collective food poisoning in China is caused by microorganisms. In China, the pathogenic microorganisms that can easily cause food poisoning mainly include: pathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and so on. Food poisoning caused by pathogenic microorganisms occurs every year, and is especially likely to occur in the summer and autumn seasons when temperatures are high.10. Spoiled and spoiled food is basically the main ingredient in the marketed food products with plant and animal biological tissues as the main component. These substances under certain conditions will undergo a series of chemical and biological changes, resulting in a variety of harmful substances. For example, spoiled milk, yogurt, fresh meat, etc. 11, the potential dangers of genetically modified food biotechnology products have also brought about safety issues. Nowadays, genetically modified (GM) foods have long been on people's tables, and GM foods also have potential dangers: they may damage the human immune system (marker genes); they may produce allergy syndromes; they may be toxic to human beings; they may be harmful to the environment and ecosystems; and there are unknown hazards to human beings and the human body. (ii) Analyze the factors of hidden food safety hazards from the aspect of food safety supervision and the quality of operators Although the government has always attached importance to the issue of food safety and has made many efforts, but due to the food safety is subject to socio-economic development, scientific and technological progress and the standard of living of the people and other factors, China's food safety at present there are still various problems. One of the most serious problems in the field of food production and processing, food processing enterprises, the vast majority of small-scale, the country's existing more than 7.5 million small food processing workshops, stalls, 80% of the 10 people on the handmade workshops, backward technology, sanitation conditions are extremely poor, 20% to 30% did not meet industry standards, the phenomenon of excessive use of food additives is more serious, food nutrition indicators can not meet the requirements; Then there is a more chaotic order of food circulation, the national food business enterprises as many as more than 3.5 million, mostly individual entrepreneurs, the lack of necessary food storage and transportation facilities, backward business management, some food wholesale market lack of effective means of safety testing and quality control measures; catering and consumer links of food hygiene conditions, some catering operators do not have the qualification to operate, and almost all of the catering sector will not be on the Food raw materials for scientific inspection, the lack of disease prevention control measures. 1, the asymmetry of market information, the existence of incomplete incomplete information leads to the emergence of defeat behavior and market confusion, resulting in market failure. In the market economy, production operators pursue profit maximization, consumers pursue utility maximization, the mutual antagonism between the two only when obtaining sufficient information about the characteristics of food **** the same information, in order to achieve the effective allocation of social resources. However, due to the quality characteristics of food safety, buyers and sellers in the food market face the same incomplete understanding of food safety information, but in contrast, food producers, processors and sellers know more about pesticide residues, microbial contamination and other relevant food safety information than consumers. Driven by the principle of maximizing personal interests, food producers and operators with information advantages will consciously or unconsciously take advantage of their information advantages to provide false, omitted, outdated, or misleading information, and even adopt unethical means to produce and sell those counterfeit and substandard products to customers. Consumers are always at a disadvantage in the right to know and the right to choose and other information on the possession of the safety of the selected food is difficult to make a correct judgment, may lead to the market economy, "the survival of the fittest" mechanism fails, so that there is a low-quality food expulsion of high-quality high-quality food phenomenon, ultimately leading to chaos in the food market order. 2, food safety externalities due to the formal vendors do not produce external benefits and compensation, and informal vendors do not produce external harm and pay the price, the result is that if you rely solely on the market price mechanism, the behavior of unscrupulous food suppliers can be detrimental to others, without having to take into account the opportunity cost of incurring damages, and can also be brought to the formal vendors of the marginal gains. The opposite is true for the formal vendor. Failure of the price mechanism, that is, market failure, in this case, leading to the production of shoddy products.3, the conflict of interest between business and consumer consumers in the conflict of interest with the production and operation of consumers in a disadvantaged position, there will inevitably be some enterprises to do whatever it takes to harm the interests of consumers. In contrast, food production operators have a strong economic power of the organization, a single dispersed economic power of weak consumers is difficult to compete with, coupled with the lack of legal knowledge, when their interests are damaged, often choose to swallow their anger, or the majority of consumers have a "free ride" idea, want to let other people to file a lawsuit, their own free enjoyment, and ultimately, the result is that some enterprises will do anything to harm the interests of consumers. Litigation, their own free enjoyment, the end result is that no one may not go to reflect the food safety problems, to protect their rights and interests. 4, the government in the market economy, regulation, function of the food market disorder caused by another deep-seated motivation is the emergence of intermittent, that is to say, the government regulation, function of the government has not yet been perfected, the intensity of law enforcement is not yet enough. Lack of coordination and continuity in the regulatory mechanism, lack of standardization in the process of food safety enforcement, insufficient enforcement penalties, restoration of calm once the rectification campaign is over, lack of social supervision and problem handling mechanisms, and lack of industrial policies to guide the development of the food industry, especially in the area of food science and technology innovation capacity, etc., the management of the food market order appears to be intermittent, so that unscrupulous businessmen have a loophole to exploit, the quality of food safety is generally low, unable to fundamentally improve the quality of food safety. The quality of food safety is generally low, and it is impossible to solve the problem of food safety fundamentally. Fourth, a few suggestions to strengthen food safety (a), strengthen the "farm to table" supervision, strengthen food testing and inspection research is the first step to protect food safety in the implementation of the "farm to table" management of food safety protection system, testing should be followed closely by the revision of standards. In the implementation of the "farm to table" management of food safety assurance system, testing work should be closely followed by the revision of standards for continuous improvement. As an important means of internal self-monitoring and external supervision and inspection of food raw materials, production and processing, transportation and marketing, testing work directly affects the quality and safety of food. With the gradual reduction of the limited value of safety and health indicators in food, the testing technology puts forward higher requirements, inspection and testing should be to high-tech, rapid measurement, portable and information **** enjoy. Set up a system of food testing institutions and make it gradually socialized, the establishment of scientific testing quality assurance system and strengthen the testing technology reserves and personnel reserves is an important measure to improve China's food testing capacity in general. (B), to further improve food safety laws and regulations, rationalize the food safety regulatory system, strengthen the regulatory efforts to change and revise outdated laws and regulations in a timely manner, to keep abreast of the times. Each region can also be based on the actual situation, the development of local laws and regulations in line with local needs. In the face of the current food safety situation, it is proposed to further strengthen the above five aspects of work on the basis of the existing: First, to strengthen the quality and safety control of the whole process of "from the field to the table"; second, to strengthen the food safety standard system, scientifically determine the principles and basis for the development of food standards, enhance the operability of standards, and gradually realize the standard system and international practice; third, to strengthen the standard system with Third, strengthening the legal status of various types of certifications such as pollution-free agricultural products, green food and organic food certification, rationalizing the relationship between them, gradually establishing a unified food certification and accreditation system, and fostering a number of food certification bodies with standardized operation, high social credibility, and in line with international rules; fourth, strengthening the system of recalling poor-quality products, and providing a legal basis for investigating, punishing, and destroying unsafe food; and fifth, strengthening the emergency response mechanism for food safety. Strengthening the food safety emergency response mechanism. (iii) Establishment of a smooth food safety information network Establishment of a good quality signaling mechanism will help solve the market failure of food quality. Most of China's food producers have low cultural quality and small production scale, while the food industry chain is long, making it difficult to play a role in information labeling management and so on. The government should provide public **** information and education and training, so that the public has full and sufficient information to weigh the interests and risks of choice. Timely release of food safety information, regular publication of quality sampling results, the release of outbreaks and toxic and hazardous substances contamination alerts, to remind the public to take the necessary precautions, publicize and report on enterprises with a good reputation, and accept the news media and public supervision. To establish a database of nutritional information on various types of food, and to provide training and education on food safety for consumers, producers and food system practitioners. (d), a variety of means of comprehensive application to improve food safety level to improve food safety level in addition to legal and administrative supervision, but also focus on the economic and technical levels **** with the promotion. Economic means to improve the degree of organization of production, give full play to industrialized leading enterprises and rural economic cooperation organizations to guide and drive the role of the main body of decentralized business organizations to strengthen quality control, the implementation of standardized production, the realization of the scale effect and the brand effect; in accordance with the market price and market demand for regulation of agricultural products processing, relying on the demand for raw materials and raw materials processing enterprises to promote the demand for raw materials and the inspection and supervision to drive decentralized production of the Farmers to form a certain scale of standardized commodity production base, so that the production, processing, sales of a vein, the formation of a virtuous cycle, so as to ensure that every stage of food processing is safe; improve the credibility and authority of the quality certification, improve the visibility of high-quality products, so that producers and operators to strengthen the sense of good faith, standardize production and business practices, upgrade technology and equipment, improve the process of operation and inspection means to strengthen food safety control in the production of raw materials, manufacturing and processing, storage and transportation and circulation processes, so as to realize the whole process of control from farmland to dining table; and enhance the economic penalties for food safety incidents, so as to increase the risk costs of unscrupulous manufacturers and fundamentally curb the production of counterfeit and shoddy food. Technical means to strengthen basic research and research on cutting-edge issues of food safety management, explore and research on rapid and efficient detection technologies and methods for pathogens, pesticides, veterinary drugs, chemical pollutants and other hazardous substances in food, determine the maximum residual limits of hazardous substances, improve the laboratory conditions and personnel level of food safety testing organizations, the quality of standard substances and the level of reference standards; carry out basic research and applied research on advanced food safety control technologies, and promote the results of scientific research. research and applied research, and promote the transformation of scientific research results into productivity. References 1. Zheng Huaying, Long Yibing. Food Safety and Control of Foodborne Diseases. Chinese Journal of Health Supervision, 20022, Xie Min Yu Yongda Analysis of China's Food Safety Problems Shanghai Economic Research, 2007, Issue 21, 3, Li Xinsheng Food Safety and the Development Status of Safe Food in China Food Science, 2008, Issue 02, 4, Hao Jiming Ma Liyan Li Jingming Food Safety Problems and Their Measures for Controlling Food Safety Food and Fermentation Industry, 2004, Issue 02, 5, Tang Tenshu Xue Yi Current Situation and Countermeasures of Food Safety in China Food Industry Science and Technology 2002