1. Functions and types of napkins

(1) Functions of napkins

Napkins, also known as oral cloths, are a kind of sanitary products in restaurants and a kind of artwork for decorating and beautifying the dining table. Dining towels have the following main functions.

1. Napkins are a kind of sanitary products in catering services

When guests eat, restaurant waiters use napkins.

drinks stain clothes.

2. napkins can decorate and beautify the dining table.

different shapes of napkins contain different banquet themes. Different shapes of napkin flowers are placed on the dining table, which not only beautify the dining table, but also add a solemn and warm atmosphere, giving people beautiful enjoyment.

3. Napkins can set off the dining atmosphere

. If you fold a flower shape that is more than

Qi Fei's wings and give it to a new couple, you can express your good wishes of eternal unity and harmony for a hundred years.

4. Placing the napkin flower shape can mark the seat of the guest of honor

When folding the napkin flower, you should choose the flower shape of the guest of honor. The owner's flower-shaped height should be higher than other flower-shaped heights to show his dignity.

(2) Types of napkins

1. According to the texture, napkins can be divided into cotton fabrics and chemical fiber fabrics. Cotton napkins have good water absorption and strong detergency, and they are crisp after sizing and ironing, and the shape is good, but the effect is best when folded once. Chemical fiber fabrics have bright colors and strong transparency. The detergency is not as good as that of cotton fabric.

2. According to the color, there are two kinds of napkins: white and colored. The white napkin gives people a sense of cleanliness, tranquility and elegance. It can adjust people's visual balance and calm people's mood. The colored napkin can enhance the dining atmosphere, such as bright red and pink napkins give people a sense of enthusiasm. Orange and goose yellow napkins give people a noble and elegant feeling; Lake blue can give people a sense of coolness and comfort in summer.

Second, the shape and selection of napkin folding flowers

There are many shapes and types of napkin folding flowers, and their techniques are also different. As a restaurant waiter, you should master the basic

shape and folding techniques of napkin folding flowers.

1. Types of napkin folding flowers

(1) According to the placement method, After the cup is taken out, the flower shape will be scattered. Because it is folded into a cup flower,

its flatness is poor when it is used, and it is easy to cause pollution, so at present, the cup flower is rarely used, but as a skill, it still exists in restaurant service.

The dish flower belongs to western-style flower shape, and it will not be scattered by itself after being formed. It can be placed on the plate or other containers and on the table.

Because of the dish flower, Therefore, the disk flower presents a development trend.

(2) According to the appearance of napkin flower, it can be divided into three types: plants, animals and objects.

Plant flower shapes are based on plant flower shapes, such as lotus, narcissus, etc.

Some are based on plant leaves, stems and fruits, such as bamboo shoots and corn.

Animal flower shapes include fish, insects and corn. Some of them take their characteristics, and their shapes are vivid and lively.

Physical flower shapes are made by imitating various physical shapes in daily necessities, such as hats, folding fans, flower baskets, etc.

2. Choice of napkin folding styles

(1) Choose flower shapes according to the scale of the banquet. Simple and crisp flower shapes can be selected for large banquets. You can choose two kinds of flowers for each table

The table top is colorful. If it is a small banquet with 1-2 tables, you can

use different flower patterns on one table, or you can mix 2-3 flower patterns alternately to form a diverse and coordinated layout.

(2) Choose flower patterns according to the theme of the banquet. The selected flower patterns are different for different themes and forms of themed banquets.

(3) Choose flower patterns according to seasons. You can also choose a set of flower patterns like

to symbolize a beautiful season.

(4) Choose flower patterns according to religious beliefs. If you believe in Buddhism, don't stack animal shapes, but plant shapes and physical shapes.

If you believe in Islam, don't use pig shapes.

(5) Choose flower patterns according to guests' customs. If Japanese like cherry blossoms, avoid using lotus flowers. British people like rosa multiflora, etc.

(6) Choose flowers according to the seats of the guest and the host. The flowers on the host's seat are called the main flowers. The main flowers are generally rare, carefully folded and beautiful, so as to highlight the host and respect the guest. For example, at a banquet for international friends, doves are stacked to show peace and baskets are stacked to welcome the female guests. Make both the host and the guest feel cordial.

In short, we should design and fold different napkin flowers according to the theme of the banquet. We should be flexible, try to be simple, fast and neat, and

beautiful and generous.

Third, the basic techniques of napkin folding flowers

napkins have practical and decorative functions, forming an important decoration of the dining table on the stage. The basic techniques of napkin folding flowers

have folding and folding. To be skilled and freely used,

to increase the working efficiency and artistry of setting the table.

1. Stacking

is the most basic napkin folding technique, which should be used in almost all shapes. Stacking is to fold the napkin in two, fold it in four, or fold it into triangle, rectangle, diamond, trapezoid, zigzag and other shapes. Stacking is folded and divided. It will leave a mark on the napkin, which will affect the crispness. The basic point of folding is to find a good angle and fold it at one time.

2. Folding

is a technique used in pleating. Folding is to fold the napkin into a pleated shape, which makes the flower shape rich, tight and beautiful. When pleating, use your thumb and forefinger with both hands. And control the distance of the next pleat. Hold the napkin on the

surface of thumb and forefinger and push it forward to the outside of the middle finger, and block the pushed pleat with the forefinger. The middle finger is freed to control the distance of the next pleat, so the three fingers cooperate with each other. Folding can be divided into two methods: straight folding and diagonal folding, with two ends of the same size folded in a straight line.

if one end is big and the other end is small, or it is folded in a semicircle or arc shape, the main point of folding is that the folds are even and tidy.

3. Roll

The napkin is rolled into a cylinder with the thumb, forefinger and middle finger cooperating with each other. The roll can be divided into straight roll and spiral roll. The straight roll includes single roll, double roll and flat roll. The other is to fix one end of the napkin and roll it at the other end, or roll it at one end more than

and at the other end less, so that one end of the roll is big and the other end is small. Whether it is straight or spiral, the napkin should be rolled tightly and quite

, otherwise it will affect the shape due to softness and bending deformation. The main point of the roll is to roll it tightly and quite.

4. Wear it

. Then use the thumb

and forefinger of your right hand to push the napkin back bit by bit until the chopsticks are put out of the napkin. After wearing, insert the napkin flower into the

cup first, and then remove the chopsticks, otherwise it will be easy to loosen. Generally, only 1-2 chopsticks will be worn as required. The main point of wearing

is that the pleats should be flat, straight, small and even. Turn up the drooping napkin with one hand and turn it into the shape of the head and neck, wings and tail of a flower

or bird. When turning flowers and leaves, pay attention to the symmetry of the leaves, the same size and the same distance. When turning the wings, tail or head and neck of a bird

, be sure to turn it over, and don't fold it soft. The main point of turning is to pay attention to the proper size and natural beauty.

6 Pull out one horn or several horns with your right hand. The main point of pulling is that the size ratio is appropriate and the shape is crisp.

7. Pinch

Pinch is mainly used to fold the bird's head shape. When operating, first pull the corner of the napkin to make the neck, and then hold the top of the bird's neck with the thumb

finger, index finger and middle finger of one hand, with the index finger down and the corner of the scarf pointed. As a bird's head, the key to pinching is to have sharp edges and corners, with the corners of the top of the head and the sharp corners of the mouth in place.

8. Break off

Fold the napkin layer by layer with your left hand to form a bud shape. Don't use too much force when breaking off, so as not to loosen it.

The key to breaking off is to have clear layers and even spacing.

Working standard for folding Chinese napkins

Napkins are practical and decorative. If you want to fold well and quickly, you still need to learn how to fold napkins with an open mind, so as to make them artistic and fast, so as to increase the efficiency of setting the table.

The color and size of napkins should match the tablecloth, and breakfast can be made of plaid colors similar to ordinary handkerchiefs, mostly 3.25 to 45 cm, which can be folded simply or folded into tents. The napkins for lunch and dinner are mainly white or other colors, and the materials should be used. If the size is larger than 61 cm, if it is too soft or too small, it will not be folded. Here are some folding methods of napkins:

● Tent type. Napkins suitable for breakfast or fast food, because it is the simplest folding method, you can use 3.25 cm napkins. Folding method:

Fold the napkin with one hand and push the napkin with the other hand. First, put the folding corner in the upper left corner, and then fold the corner A and the corner B into one. The second action is to press the right thumb on the upper end of the center of the triangle salt bottom edge and fold it into a tent napkin. The opening or tail tip of the tent is facing the guests.

● The curled hat type is also a napkin suitable for light meals. The folding method is simple. First, the rectangular napkin is folded, and then the right third part is overlapped to the left. Roll C down into a conical hat, and then fold the corners of E and F up.

● Pointed hat type is also a napkin suitable for light meals. The folding method is simple: ① First, fold the square napkin diagonally into a triangle; (2) then fold the left and right 3/4 parts into a sharp shape; 3 fold the corner in front of you again; ④ Fold the back to the back and flatten it.

● Monk's hat type. This is a common napkin folding method in restaurants, with generous style and easy folding: ① Fold square napkin pairs into rectangles first; (2) the second step is to fold into a diamond; ③ The third step is to cross-fold the diamond into a mountain shape; ④ The fourth step is to fold the lower left corner under the upper right corner; ⑤ Turn it over and fold the lower right corner under the upper left corner; ⑥ Divide evenly at the lower opening, that is, form a monk's hat shape.

● Bishop's hat shape. ① Fold napkins into triangles; (2) the left and right tips to the vertex; (3) Fold the upper end downwards, and the distance between the upper and lower ends is

the working standard of Chinese napkin folding

; (4) Fold the triangle above upwards; ⑤ Turn it over, the left and right tips overlap, and one tip is inserted into the other tip; ⑥ Turn it upside down and erect it like a bishop's hat.

● Fold the napkin in half, with the distance between the upper end of the first finger and the upper end of the second fold about 6 cm; 2 Discount from the left, and the width of each discount is about 4 cm; ③ Fix the lower end with a clip, and then open the upper end to form a folding fan. It can be placed in a dish or a cup.

● Fishtail type. The napkin of this shape can be folded and placed in a glass or a plate. Folding method: first fold the 3.25cm square towel into a triangle, then lift it twice, and then cross it left and right to form a fishtail type.

● Fold the square napkin in half first.

● Roll type. This roll type is suitable for folding small napkins, as long as the napkin is directly folded into a cylinder and folded in the middle waist and then placed in the cup.

● Candle type: this candle type is also suitable for folding small napkins. First, the diagonal of the napkin is folded into a triangle, then the lower part is folded up into a small piece, and then it is rolled into a solid column shape, which can be tied tightly at the bottom and placed in a water cup. <

(1) Simplify the folding method and reduce the repeated folding times.

(2) The napkin flowers are beautiful in shape and harmonious in color.

● Precautions?

(1) Wash hands and disinfect before operation.

(2) operate on a clean and hygienic tray or service table.

(3) It is not allowed to bite with your mouth during operation.

(4) When putting flowers into the cup, pay attention to hygiene, and do not touch the mouth of the cup with your fingers.

(5) Understand the taboos of guests on napkin flower styles.

● basic techniques?

(1) Push and fold: When discounting, the two thumbs are in a line, with their fingers facing outward, and the index finger or middle finger is pulled back to fold, and the folded finger is used to block the folded one, and the middle finger is used to control the distance of the next fold.

(2) Folding: Fold the napkin into two, fold it into four, or fold it into triangle, rectangle and other shapes; Calculate the angle before folding, and fold it at a time.

(3) roll: when rolling straight, both ends of the napkin must be rolled flat; Spiral roll can first fold the napkin into a triangle, and the edge of the napkin should be uneven; Whether it is a straight roll or a spiral roll, the napkin should be rolled tightly.

(4) Pull-over: Pull-over is used to fold flowers and birds. During operation, one hand holds the napkin and the other hand turns the drooping napkin into a corner, and pulls it into the head, neck, wings and tail of flowers or birds. When pulling the leaves of flowers, pay attention to the symmetrical leaves with the same size and the same distance; When pulling a bird's wings, tail or head and neck, be sure to pull it straight, and don't fold it soft.

(5) Pinch: Pinch is mainly used to fold the bird's head. When operating, first pull the bird's neck (usually a corner of the napkin is used for the bird's neck). Then, hold the top of the bird's neck with the thumb, index finger and middle finger of one hand, with the index finger down, and put the top of the corner of the napkin. Examples of napkin folding

1. African banana

(1) Fold the napkin into an equilateral triangle along the diagonal. Fold the two bottom corners of the triangle to the top corner to form a square.

(2) Fold the lower corner up to a short distance from the top corner.

(3) Fold the newly folded corner down to the center of the bottom edge. Fix the folded top corner with your left hand. With the other hand, fold the bottom corner of one side into the middle about one third of the length of the bottom side. Treat the corner of the other side as well. The two folded corners can be inserted together.

(4) Insert the four fingers of the right hand into the bottom to support it into a cylindrical shape, and then turn down the small corners exposed on both sides, finishing and shaping.

2. Flowers of peony are fresh

3. Pigeons are lying

4. Want to bud.