With the outbreak of the epidemic worldwide, enterprises and factories in many countries were forced to close down, resulting in a wave of production suspension, especially some foreign trade industries suffered an unprecedented blow, resulting in a large number of unemployment in various countries. As the biggest livelihood, employment is related to people's lives. Solving the employment problem plays an important role in social stability and economic development. Therefore, the state puts stable employment and employment security at the top of people's livelihood. From this perspective, it is necessary to analyze the test sites related to unemployment in order to grasp the direction of the exam.

I. The concept of unemployment

Unemployment is a state in which the subject reaches the age of employment, has the ability to work, and looks for a job but still has no employment opportunities.

(Three conditions: ability to work+willingness to work+no job)

Second, the types of unemployment.

According to the causes of unemployment, unemployment can be divided into the following types.

1. Friction unemployment

Friction unemployment refers to the unemployment generated in the normal flow process, such as when people graduate from school or move to a new city to find a job, or when they change jobs, their jobs are interrupted. In a dynamic economy, the flow of labor is normal, so the existence of friction unemployment is normal.

2. Structural unemployment

Structural unemployment refers to the unemployment caused by the inconsistency between the supply and demand of new labor. Structural unemployment is long-term in nature and usually comes from the demand side of labor force. Mainly refers to the structural imbalance between occupations or regions caused by the rise and fall of the industry. For example, with the adjustment of industrial structure in China, the demand for workers in primary and traditional industries has decreased, while the demand for workers in tertiary and emerging industries has increased. However, workers in the primary industry and traditional industries are not qualified for the work of emerging industries because of their low labor quality, which leads to an increase in unemployment rate. Therefore, vigorously developing vocational skills training and improving the quality of workers can solve the contradiction of structural unemployment to some extent.

3. Seasonal unemployment

Seasonal unemployment refers to unemployment caused by seasonal changes, which is most common in agriculture, tourism and construction. For example, the construction industry has to stop work in bad weather, or farmers are idle. Seasonal unemployment is determined by objective or natural conditions and is difficult to change. Therefore, this kind of unemployment is normal.

4. Periodic unemployment

There are four stages of economic development: prosperity, recession, depression and recovery. Unemployment during economic recession and depression is called cyclical unemployment. When the economic development situation is not good, people's disposable income decreases, demand drops, enterprises lay off employees, and the unemployment rate rises. In this case, the government will generally take a series of measures to promote demand, such as building infrastructure.

Test paper drills (single choice) Double Eleven and Double Twelve are becoming more and more popular. Every shopping festival, courier companies will recruit couriers on a large scale, and layoffs will be made in June 5438+ 10. This type of unemployment belongs to:

A. Structural unemployment

B. Friction unemployment

C. Cyclical unemployment

D. seasonal unemployment.

Answer D. Analysis: Seasonal unemployment refers to the type of unemployment in which the demand for labor in some industries fluctuates with the change of seasons, making these industries have idle labor. It can be seen that every shopping festival, courier companies will recruit couriers on a large scale, and they will lay off couriers in June 5438+ 10, which is seasonal unemployment. So, the answer to this question is D.