Format and font requirements of graduation thesis opening report
1. Thesis (including opening report and document translation) is printed on A4 paper on one side, and the page setting: the left margin, right margin and bottom margin are all 2.5cm, and the top margin is 2.8cm.. The header and footer are 2 cm. The paper (including the task book) and its attachments shall be bound into one volume in duplicate.
2. The header starts from the text. The top box at the left end of the header is the title of the paper, and the title of the paper uses five characters in Song Dynasty. If it is an opening report or document translation, add? /Opening report or/document translation? . Align the right end with the page number and use the fifth Arabic numeral.
3. The text (including the opening report and document translation) is written by Song Zixiao No.4, about 15000 words. All non-Chinese characters are Silla. Word spacing is set to? Standard? , the paragraph is set to? Single spacing? All paragraphs are indented with two words at the beginning. Mathematical formulas are expressed in italics and numbered according to chapters. For example, the third formula in Chapter 2 is (2-3) and is aligned with the right line of the paragraph.
45. Each chapter starts from a new page and consecutively numbers the chapters with Arabic numerals (for example, 1, 1. 1, 1. 1). A chapter is called a first-level title, located in the center of the first line of the page, with a bold font size of two, with a spacing of 0 points before the paragraph and a spacing of 12 points from the text or second-level title immediately after it. The second-level title is Song Ti No.4, which is aligned to the left. The distance before breaking is 12 kg, and the distance after the segment is 0 kg. Three-level titles are bold in small letters, aligned to the left, with a distance of 12 pounds before the paragraph and a distance of 0 pounds after the paragraph.
5. The chart should have a name, the table name is directly above the table, and it is bold with the small number 5. The name of the picture is located directly below the picture, and it is bold with a small five. This chart is numbered by chapter. For example, Table 2.7 is the seventh chart in Chapter 2; Figure 3- 1 is the 1 graph in Chapter 3. Don't spread the chart across pages. All referenced charts should be marked with corresponding brackets [] after the chart name (for example, [1]). The reference number here should be the same as the reference number.
6. The cover and task book are purchased by students at the binding office on the first floor of the school library, and the cover shall not be copied. And bind the paper at the binding place.
7. In addition to the cover, the first page is the task book, which is issued when writing according to the application.
The second page is a Chinese abstract (at least 150 words). ? Abstract? These two characters are small and bold, centered, 102 points before the paragraph and 12 points after the paragraph. The content is in Song 5? Key words? The three words are bold and indented, and the content behind them is Song Wuzhong. Generally, 3-5 phrases are enough, separated by commas, and there is no punctuation at the end. The distance between the keyword and the abstract is 12 points (that is, 12 points before setting the paragraph). Chinese abstracts are numbered in Roman numerals and located at the bottom and middle of the page.
The third page is the abstract (at least 500 printed characters). Abstract? (Times New Roman No.2 in bold), with Times New Roman No.5 as the content. The key word is Times New Roman bold small five, and the content behind it is Times New Roman five, which is also 12 pound away from English abstract. English abstract postponed? Chinese abstract? Pages are numbered in Roman numerals, located at the bottom and middle of the page.
The fourth page is the table of contents. ? Directory? In the middle, use bold two, set it to 0 point before the paragraph and 12 point after the paragraph. Extension of directory page? Abstract? Pages are numbered in Roman numerals, located at the bottom and middle of the page.
The contents are: abstract, abstract, text (the first and second-level titles are required to be listed, with the first-level title in bold type 4 and the second-level title in bold type 4), references, thanks, attachment 1: opening report, and attachment 2: document translation (in Chinese and English). Use small four for page numbers.
Note: Chinese and English abstracts and tables of contents are not text, so don't set headers!
8. References are located on another page after the text, and the page numbers are numbered consecutively with the text. ? Reference materials? In the middle, use bold two, set it to 0 point before the paragraph and 12 point after the paragraph. The main formats of references are as follows:
Books: [serial number] Author's name (separated by commas), book title, version number (first edition not written), publisher's name, publication year, and cited page number.
Tip: Don't put a period at the end!
Example: [1] Hu, Senior Management Accountant, Xiamen University Press, 2005, p. 5 1.
Periodical: [serial number] Author's name (separated by commas), title, publication name, publication year, volume number: (issue number), starting page number to ending page number.
Special note: all references cited in the paper should be marked in the citation of the text in order. The marking method is located at the full stop of the last sentence of the quotation. The specific operation is to open Format-Font-Superscript in the toolbar. (for example: [1]).
9. The thank-you pages are located after the references and numbered consecutively with the text. Thanks? In the middle, use bold two, set it to 0 point before the paragraph and 12 point after the paragraph. The content is Song Xiao Si Zi.
10. Attachment 1: Opening Report (including five parts: research background, literature review, technical route, timetable and references, and there is no need to start a new page between each part).
The title of the opening report is centered in bold type II, and the distance before and after each paragraph is 0. The title is: major, (admission ticket number) and name, all in bold number four, in the middle.
Note: the title of the opening report should be the title of the paper, not the opening report!
The opening report is followed by a summary (in Chinese only) and keywords. ? Abstract? And then what? Key words? Use small number four in bold. Abstract? The content is Song Xiaosi. Key words? Contains 3 to 5 phrases, separated by commas, with no punctuation at the end. Neither the abstract nor the keywords need to be indented at the beginning. Then there is the text, and the distance between the text and the keyword is 12.
In the opening report and literature translation, the first-level title does not need to start a new page, and the first-level title is set to 12 points before and after the paragraph, and the other formats are the same as the text.
Note: The page numbers of the opening report and literature translation should be coded continuously according to the page numbers of the text.
1 1. Appendix 2: Literature translation (Chinese and English) is about 25,000 words, first in Chinese (according to the paper format), and the title should be the title of the translated article, with bold type II in the center. Here, the name of the original author (English) is below the title of document translation, in bold, centered in Times New Roman. After Chinese translation, two blank lines indicate the source of foreign language materials. What is the text content? Source of foreign language materials: books/periodicals (reference format)? Don't stop at the end of data source! Empty 2 boxes to write: XXX translation. Fonts are bold in small four (non-Chinese characters are bold in Times New Roman) and aligned to the right.
A model essay on format
On the development of e-book format
Abstract: The development of e-book industry can not be separated from the technical support and the provisions of standards, which has aroused the in-depth understanding of the publishing industry. Especially in? Triple play? In contrast, the technical functions of various media are gradually unified, and the business is limited to vertical and horizontal consultation, network interoperability and resource sharing. At present, there are nearly 30 e-book formats, which seriously wastes the development of e-book resources and causes the publishing industry to deeply understand the technical support and standards of e-book industry. This paper introduces the development of e-book format in the world, points out the development trend and difficulties of e-book open format standard, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures.
Keywords: e-book; Format standard; technical support
China library classification number: G237.6 document identification number: Part A number:1673-8454 (2013) 22-0009-03.
I. Introduction
The rapid development of computer technology, network technology and multimedia technology has greatly promoted the development of online publishing industry. E-books occupy an important position in online publications, and gradually attract the attention of the masses, which has aroused the strong interest of network operators, bookstores, publishing industries, periodical industries, authors and readers. However, there is a problem that has been hindering the in-depth development of related industries, that is, the style standard of e-books. Although there have been many influential style standards over time, in reality, the style standards of many e-books can't reach the compatibility rate of reading carriers, and efforts are still needed to achieve the two standards of industry and market. Compared with foreign countries, the formulation and implementation of e-book style standards in China is still a long way, which is caused by the particularity of Chinese and influenced by the chaos in the domestic e-book industry. All sides are very concerned about this and have made great efforts to this end. At present, the relevant standards of e-book format are in the stage of drafting and joint discussion, and the outline has been basically completed.
New Development of E-books under Triple Play
When telecommunication network, broadcast TV network and Internet evolve to broadband communication network, digital TV network and next generation Internet, their technical functions are gradually consistent, and their services are limited to vertical and horizontal negotiation, network interconnection and resource sharing. What is that? Triple play? . For e-book manufacturers, the biggest selling point of e-books is real-time quick browsing, but its single function and monotonous content hinder its development. Triple play is a good opportunity to break through the bottleneck of development and develop huge market space. It not only makes all kinds of media integrate and tolerate each other, but also makes the content delivery channels and service extraction methods more grounded, changing people's browsing habits. For e-books, triple play has brought the following developments: First, in the past, e-books had to be downloaded from computers. After the triple play, e-books, wireless networks, books, newspapers and magazines have created an open interactive platform for users. Second, the integration of the three networks has a great impetus to the technological innovation of digital publishing, which makes the browsing of e-books better; Third, the convergence of the three networks makes high value-added services have great potential value in the future e-book market.
Thirdly, the analysis of e-book format standards.
1. e-book format
E-books need certain browsing software and equipment to read, because its research and development, publication, access and application are all realized in digital form. The format of e-books is usually aimed at reading systems, not reading devices. Reading system refers to the unification of software and hardware that can publicize and store e-books and make them available to users. Usually, it includes software-based readers, such as Adobe Acrobat Reader and Microsoft Reader, and special readers for hardware devices, such as Sony Reader and Kindle. In order to protect their own commercial interests and content resources, the format standards of e-book readers and supporting software developed by enterprises are not consistent, which leads to low compatibility. There are dozens of e-book formats in the world at present. Adobe PDF, Microsoft LIT, Amazon AZW and other formats are commonly used internationally, such as Founder CEB, Samsung PDG, CAJ of China Academic Journal Network, VIP of VIP, etc. Even if some e-books are compatible with other formats, they usually need to be converted by special software. Of course, there are some open format standards like EPUB abroad. EPUB style was jointly developed by Amazon, Adobe, American Library Association, Random House, Sony and other organizations, but the industry has not fully accepted this format.
One of the bottlenecks in the development of e-book industry is the serious problem of repeated development of resources, and the root of this problem lies in the fact that there is no real unified standard in the field of e-book format. Therefore, standardizing e-book format standards and realizing interoperability between reading systems have become the most concerned issues in the industry.
2. The development of e-book format
The technical standards, management standards and working standards of e-books constitute the standard system of e-books. To some extent, these standards play a decisive role in designing standard product types, writing e-books, producing, distributing, reading and using, and are closely related to setting and constructing the target market of e-books. The design standard of e-books is an important technical standard and an important part of management and work. In addition, establishing an industry-recognized format standard with open functions is the ultimate goal of the E-book Standards Bureau.
E-book format is widely used in the storage, transmission, display, use and copyright maintenance of e-book content. Is it a special information coding? Socket? Specifications. Most of the previous e-book formats originated from the common file formats of Microsoft word processing system, typesetting system and multimedia system. At present, the styles of e-books are diverse, mainly because of the growing demand for market segments, strategic partners and product matching. Product matching mainly includes the profit of content value chain, the demand of binding reading terminal and the style of product packaging.
So far, there are many e-book formats in the world. There are three common classifications of e-books: the terminal mode specified by the demand of showing its unique style, the demand mode on Apple terminal transmission platform and the basic mode of e-book content packaging demand. Among them, the terminal modes designated to display their unique style requirements are HTXT style of hardware browser, Kindle AMZ style of Hanlin browser and CHM style; The modes required by Apple's terminal transmission platform are HTML5, MEB and MOBI. The basic modes of e-book content packaging demand are EPUB style and Amazon's KF8 mode.
International e-book industry organizations and non-profit organizations have long been committed to creating open format standards for e-books. This standard was put forward by the international digital publishing forum IDPF (formerly OEBF) and is the most influential open format standard for e-books in the world. 1999 OEBF organization put forward the OEBPS open format standard. On June 5438+ 10, 2006, IDPF, an international digital publishing forum, released the open format OCF V10. The following year, the open publishing structure version OPS V2.0 and the open package format OPF V2.0 were also released. The above three standards constitute the open standard of EPUB to replace the original OEBPS standard. On may 20 1 1, IDPF officially confirmed the EPUB3 standard. 3. Format standard system
Although the overall development is still in a state of chaos, there are some dominant format standards in e-book formats. At present, the international e-book format standard is the coexistence of block format and open format standard. The unique format of Amazon Kindle reader and EPUB format respectively represent two formats: blocked format and open format. In the e-book market, even though Kindle readers are becoming more and more mature, to some extent, AZW format, as a unique format of Kindle readers, has become the main standard of the industry. However, due to the rapid development of e-book industry, format standards are facing more and more challenges. The popularity of Kindle format is largely influenced and restricted by the open EPUB jointly developed by IT companies such as Microsoft, publishers and publishers. At present, the international influence of this format is gradually improving, and IT has become the general standard of international e-book format, which is largely due to the announcement by large IT companies such as Sony, Google and Apple that their products support EPUB format.
The domestic e-book industry has developed through the extradition of IT and other non-professional companies, among which Founder Company has a large number of book resources and has established long-term cooperative relations with most content providers, which leads to its proposed e-book format system becoming the actual standard in this field in China. Founder Company developed CEB format for browsing digital library e-book resources on PC, then launched XEB format for electronic reading mobile terminal, and now developed a CEBX document format specification independent of software, hardware, operating system and printing equipment. CEBX document format has a high-fidelity Chinese electronic document format as a whole, which can retain key information such as characters, fonts, formats and colors of the original document. In addition, this format has better data exchange and analysis functions than PDF and other formats. In order to realize the handover between enterprises and international common standards and expand the application scope of its format in the domestic e-book market, Founder Company has continuously optimized its service function in the digital publishing industry chain, and at the same time, it has made efforts to infiltrate the formulation of domestic e-book open format standards, such as participation? Working group on e-book standards? Establishment of standards. Even though a few reader terminals in China choose to support open format today, there is still a certain distance to compete with Founder's format standard.
Although the independent format represented by Amazon currently controls a larger e-book market, in the long run, the open format of EPUB will gradually be supported and affirmed by a large number of terminal manufacturers and platform developers. The application of EPUB format will play an indispensable guiding role in the future development of this field.
Fourthly, the development trend and countermeasures of e-book format standards.
1. Trend analysis of e-book format standards
Through the analysis of the recent development of global e-book formats, whether Amazon continues to adopt the relatively closed AZW format or the EPUB open format supported by Google and Sony, we believe that the internal reasons are due to the integration of their respective advantages and content resources. Amazon's main business is online bookstore, which is rich in content resources, especially popular book resources, so Amazon expects Kindle format to be adapted by more hardware devices. Sony and other companies expect to cooperate with more and more publishing institutions to develop the digital content industry chain through the universalization of EPUB format. But in? Triple play? In the big environment, consumers are still more inclined to unify and open e-book format standards by analyzing the diverse user needs of content resources and reading terminals, and most content providers want to reduce the understanding of digital publishing access standards. How to choose a suitable path to meet the development of e-book industry, the real demand for open format standards is the most critical issue at present.
In view of the domestic market, in order to build an open format standard with industry influence, the following problems need to be solved: First, it is difficult for domestic format standards to highlight the value needs of publishers and other content providers. Is it mainly because the leading institutions are still technology manufacturers such as Founder, Hanwang and Hanlin, which are similar to those abroad? Open an e-book forum Enterprise alliance organizations are relatively lacking, and the attendance rate of publishing houses is very low. At the same time, due to their lack of bargaining power in the e-book industry chain. Secondly, considering the business prospects and return on investment, some relatively powerful technology suppliers are doing their best to develop their own blocking style, and hope to replace industry standards with their own enterprise standards, which greatly hinders the establishment of e-book open format standards.
2. Countermeasures for reasonably promoting e-book format standardization
(1) Give play to the leading role of government departments.
In order to reduce the bad competition of format standards caused by the uneven distribution of industry interests, government departments should take the lead in planning and guiding enterprises and institutions in the publishing field to participate? Triple play? Under the formulation of open format standards, a relatively reasonable benefit distribution mechanism is reached. On this basis, fully referring to the open characteristics of EPUB format information description, combined with domestic mature format standards, the whole industry will jointly explore the establishment of high-quality e-book standards to achieve the maximum compatibility of their standards. In addition, it is necessary to coordinate other standards of e-book industry, such as terminal, content and cataloging standards, and formulate open format standards to promote the all-round development of e-book industry.
(2) Establish the consciousness of independent intellectual property rights, and formulate the standards of e-books in China.
At present, there are two standards for e-books: open format and closed format. Triple play? Under the general environment, the independent intellectual property rights of e-book format in China will face greater challenges. Domestic e-books should be based on open standards, properly refer to foreign relatively excellent e-book standards, and establish their own awareness of intellectual property rights, so that our e-books can meet international standards and have China characteristics.
(3) Establish an e-book standard system and build an e-book industry platform.
? Triple play? The first batch of pilot projects started on June 30th, 20 10, and it has been just three years. It can be said that China's network integration is still in the primary stage, and many problems are still developing. Therefore, there is still a long way to go to formulate and implement the unified standard of e-books. Due to the particularity of e-books in China and the complexity and confusion of e-book property rights in China, e-books exist in? Triple play? In the new environment, it is necessary to establish unified and open standards and build an e-book industry platform. By increasing the structure of demand chain and the content of goods, suppliers can reduce costs, and at the same time, by combining content resources and terminal equipment with different needs, it will have a positive impact on market norms and competition. Because the CEBX format of Founder Company shows poor compatibility, there is a certain foundation for building an e-book standard system, opening up the e-book industry chain and establishing an e-book industry platform. However, returning to practice, eliminating market obstacles and establishing reliable third-party services are the necessary conditions for the construction of e-book industry platform.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
? Triple play? It is a good opportunity for e-book standards. China's e-book format standards need to have the awareness of independent intellectual property rights, formulate China's e-book standards, refer to the advanced concepts of international e-book standards, establish an e-book industry platform in the new era, have a strategic vision for the future, and strive to lead the world. Secondly, technological innovation is an important guarantee for the e-book industry to gain the right to speak, especially for audio and video playback, handwriting recognition, animation games and other technological innovations. This will be reflected in future e-books. Not only that, we also need to innovate constantly, break through stereotypes, identify the needs of the audience efficiently and quickly, and put our goals into action. Finally,? Triple play? It will create a brand-new reading mode and an open interactive platform for users, and lay the foundation for the next generation of e-book format standards. The realization of triple play will inevitably bring huge operation market to personal digital terminal products in the future.
References:
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[3] Jing Zhu. Research on the development of e-book industry in China [D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Printing, 20 10.
[4] Zhang Dawei, Yang Lijuan. What role does the government play in e-book standardization? Late-development strategy? [J]。 Journalism University, 2011(4):141-144.
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