'Yellow Emperor' Yuxiong (present-day Zhengzhou Xinzheng, Henan Province)
'Zhuanxu' Dichu (present-day Puyang, Henan Province)
'?u'?u' Diqiu (present-day Puyang, Henan Province), Xibo (present-day Yanshi West, Luoyang, Henan Province)
'Yao' Pingyang (present-day Linfen, Shanxi Province, southwest of Shanxi Province)
"Shun' Yongji (present-day Yongji, Yuncheng, Shanxi)
Xia (2070-1600 BC)
Yangcheng (present-day east of Dengfeng, Zhengzhou, Henan)
Yangzhai (present-day Yuzheng, Henan)
Diqiu (present-day southwestern Puyang, Henan)
Anyi (present-day northwestern Xiaxian, Shanxi)
Ping Xin (present-day Yanshi, Luoyang, Henan)
Yuan (northwest of present-day Jiyuan, Henan)
Laoqiu (northeast of present-day Kaifeng, Henan)
Xihe (southeast of present-day Anyang, Henan)
Shang (1600 BC - 1046 BC)
Xi Bo (west of present-day Yanshi, Luoyang, Henan; said to be in south of present-day Caoxian, Shandong)
Shou (northwest of present-day Zhengzhou, Henan and northeast of Xingyang)
Hui (northeast of present-day Xingyang, Henan) )
Xiang (present-day Henan Puyang north, Anyang Neihuang south)
Xing (present-day Xingtai, Hebei)
Pi (present-day Shandong Yuncheng north, southwest of Liangshan)
Am (present-day Qufu, Shandong)
Yin (present-day Anyang Xiaotun village, Henan)
Chaoguo (present-day Qi County, Henan)
Western Zhou (1046 BC ~ BC 771 BC)
Haojing (present-day southwest of Xi'an, Shaanxi)
Eastern Zhou (770 BC to 256 BC)
Luoyi (present-day Luoyang, Henan)
Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (770 BC to 221 BC)
『Qin』: West Dogqiu (present-day southwest of Tianshui, Gansu), Pingyang (present-day southeast of Baoji, Shaanxi) ), Yong (present-day southeast of Fengxiang, Shaanxi), Jingyang (present-day northwest of Jingyang, Shaanxi), Liyang (present-day northeast of Lintong, Xi'an, Shaanxi), and Xianyang (present-day northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi)
『Jin』: Jiang (present-day southeast of Yicheng, Shanxi), Xintian (present-day Houma, Shanxi), Tunliu (present-day south of Tunliu County, Shanxi), and Duan (present-day northeast of Qingshui, Shanxi)
『Chu』: Ying (present-day Ji'nancheng, Jiangling, Hubei), Chenqiu ( present-day Huaiyang, Henan), Juyang (present-day southeast of Taihe, Anhui), Shouchun (present-day southwest of Shouxian, Anhui)
『Qi』: Linzi (present-day Zibo, Shandong)
『Yan』: Linyi (present-day Xiongxian, Hebei), Ji (present-day southwest of Peking)
『Song』: Shangqiu (present-day south of Shangqiu, Henan), Suoyang (present-day southwest of Shangqiu, Henan)
『Lu』: Qufu (present-day Qufu)
『Zheng』: Xinzheng (present-day Xinzheng, Henan Province)
『Zhao』: Jinyang (present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi Province), Zhongmou (present-day Hebi West, Henan Province), Handan (present-day Handan, Hebei Province)
『Wei』: Anyi (northwest of Xiaxian, Shanxi Province), Daoliang (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province)
『Han』: Pingyang (present-day Linfen Southwest, Shanxi Province), Yiyang (present-day Yiyang West, Henan Province), Yangzhai (present-day Yuzhou, Henan Province), Xinzheng (present-day Xinzheng, Henan Province)
'Wei': Mo (present-day Qixian, Henan Province), Cao (present-day east of Slide County, Henan Province), Chuchu (present-day northeast of Slide County, Henan Province), Dichu (present-day southwest of Puyang, Henan Province)
'Chan': Chen (present-day Huaiyang, Henan Province)
'Cai': Shangcaisai (present-day Shangcai, Henan Province)
'Cao': Tao (present-day Dingtao, Shandong Province)
『Wu』: Wu (present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu Province)
『Yue』: Huiji (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province)
Qin (221 BC - 206 BC)
Hamyang (present-day northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province)
Western Han (206 BC - 8 BC)
Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province) 202 BC -202 BC
Liyang (northeast of Lintong, present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) 202 BC - 200 BC
Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) 200 BC - 8 AD
『New』 (8 AD - 23 AD) <
Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) 8 A.D. - 23 A.D.
'Han Changshi' (23 A.D. - 25 A.D.)
Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan) 23 A.D. - 24 A.D.
Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) 24 A.D. -25 AD
Eastern Han Dynasty (25 AD - 220 AD)
Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province) 25 AD-190 AD
Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) 191 AD-195 AD
Xuchang (present-day Xuchang, Henan Province) 196 A.D.-220 A.D.
Three Kingdoms Period (220 A.D.-280 A.D.)
『Wei』(220 A.D.-265 A.D.): Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province)
『Shu』(221 A.D.-263 A.D.): Chengdu (present-day Chengdu, Sichuan)
『Wu』(229 AD to 280 AD): Jianye (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
Western Jin Dynasty (265 AD to 316 AD)
Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province) 265 AD - 313 AD
Changan (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) 313 AD -316 AD
Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 AD - 420 AD)
Jiankang (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
Sixteen Kingdoms Period (304 AD - 439 AD)
『Cheng (Han)' (304 AD - 347 AD): Chengdu (present-day Chengdu, Sichuan Province)
『Han (Former Zhao)』 (304 AD to 329 AD): Zuoguo City of Lishi (present-day north of Lishi County, Shanxi), Puzi (present-day Xi County, Shanxi), Pingyang (present-day southwest of Linfen, Shanxi), Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi)
『Former Liang』 (317 AD to 376 AD): Guzang (present-day Wuwei, Gansu)
『Later Zhao』 (319 AD to 351 AD): Xiangguo (present-day Wuwei, Gansu)
『Later Zhao』 (319 AD to 351 AD): Xiangguo (present-day Wuwei, Gansu)
Former Yan (337 AD to 370 AD): Longcheng (present-day Chaoyang, Liaoning), Ji (present-day southwest of Beijing), Ye (present-day southwest of Linzhang, Hebei)
Former Qin (351 AD to 394 AD): Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi)
Houyan (384 AD to 407 AD). 384 AD to 407 AD): Zhongshan (present-day Dingzhou, Hebei), Longcheng (present-day Chaoyang, Liaoning)
『Post-Qin』(384 AD to 417 AD): Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi)
『Western Qin』(385 AD to 431 AD): Warrior (present-day northeast of Yuzhong, Gansu), Jincheng (present-day northwest of Lanzhou, Gansu), Yuanchuan (present-day Dayingchuan, Yuzhong, Gansu), Nan'an (present-day Dayingchuan, Gansu) ), Nan'an (southeast of present-day Longxi, Gansu)
'Houliang' (386 AD to 403 AD): Guzang (present-day Wuwei, Gansu)
'Nanliang' (397 AD to 414 AD): Guangwu (present-day Yongdeng, Lanzhou, Gansu), Ledu (present-day Ledu, Qinghai), Xi'ping (present-day Xi'ning, Qinghai), and Guzang (present-day Wuwei, Gansu)
'Beiliang' ( 397 AD to 439 AD): Jiankang (present-day northwest of Gaotai, Gansu), Zhangye (present-day northwest of Zhangye, Gansu), Guzang (present-day Wuwei, Gansu)
『Nan-Yan』(398 AD to 410 AD): Shidai (present-day Yixian, Henan), Guanggu (present-day northwest of Yidu, Shandong)
『Xiliang』(400 AD to 421 AD): Dunhuang (present-day Dunhuang, Gansu), Jiuquan (present-day Dunhuang, Gansu), Jiuquan (present-day Jiuquan) Western Liang' (400 AD to 421 AD): Dunhuang (present-day Dunhuang, Gansu), Jiuquan (present-day Jiuquan, Gansu)
'Xia' (407 AD to 431 AD): Gaoping (present-day Guyuan, Ningxia), Tongwan (present-day Baichengzi, north of Jingbian, Shaanxi)
'Northern Yan' (409 AD to 436 AD): Longcheng (present-day Chaoyang, Liaoning)
'Ran Wei' (350 AD to 352 AD): Yé (south-west of Linzhang, Hebei)
'Western Liang' (400 AD to 421 AD): Dunhuang (present-day Dunhuang, Gansu) southwest of Linzhang)
『Xiyan』(384 AD to 394 AD): Changzi (present-day southwest of Changzi, Changzhi, Shanxi)
『Zhai Wei』(386 AD to 391 AD): Shitai (present-day Xi Xian, Henan)
『Xishushu』(405 AD to 413 AD): Chengdu (present-day Chengdu, Sichuan)
North and South Dynasties Period ( 420 AD to 589 AD)
[Southern Dynasty]
『Song』(420 AD to 479 AD): Jiankang (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
『Qi』(479 AD to 502 AD): Jiankang (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
『Liang』(502 AD to 557 AD): Jiankang (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
『Chen』(557 AD to 589 AD): Jiankang (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
[Northern Dynasties]
『Northern Wei』(386 AD to 534 AD): Shengle (present-day Heringer North, Inner Mongolia) 386 AD - 398 AD, Pingcheng (present-day Datong, Shanxi Province) 398 AD 493 AD, Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province) 493 AD-534 AD
'Eastern Wei' (534 AD-550 AD): Ye (present-day southwest of Linzhang, Hebei Province)
'Northern Qi' (550 AD-577 AD): Ye (present-day southwest of Linzhang, Hebei Province)
'Western Wei' (550 AD-577 AD): Ye (present-day southwest of Linzhang, Hebei Province)
'Western Wei' (550 AD-577 AD): Ye (present-day southwest of Linzhang, Hebei Province)
Western Wei (535 AD - 557 AD): Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province)
Northern Zhou (557 AD - 581 AD): Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province)
Sui-Sui (581 AD - 618 AD)
Daxing (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) 581 - 605 AD
Daxing (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) 581 - 605 AD
Da Xing (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) 581 - 605 AD
Sui (581 - 618 AD) 605
Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province) 605 AD - 618 AD
Tang (618 AD - 907 AD)
Chang'an (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi Province)
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907 AD - 960 AD)
[Five Dynasties]
"Later Liang' (907 AD - 923 AD) Kaifeng (present-day Kaifeng, Henan) 907 AD - 909 AD, Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan) 909 AD - 913 AD, Kaifeng (present-day Kaifeng, Henan) 913 AD - 923 AD
"The Later Tang Dynasty (923 AD - 936 AD) Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province)
The Later Jin Dynasty (936 AD - 946 AD) Luoyang (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province) 936 AD - 937 AD, Kaifeng (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province) 937 AD - 946 AD
"Later Han Dynasty (947 AD - 950 AD) Kaifeng (present-day Kaifeng, Henan)
Later Zhou Dynasty (951 AD - 960 AD) Kaifeng (present-day Kaifeng, Henan)
[Ten Kingdoms]
Former Shu: Chengdu (present-day Chengdu, Sichuan)
Later Shu: Chengdu (present-day Chengdu, Sichuan)
Chu: Changsha Province of Tanzhou (present-day Hunan Changsha)
South Han: Guangzhou Xingwangfu (present-day Guangzhou, Guangdong)
Min: Fuzhou Changlefu (present-day Fuzhou, Fujian)
Wu-Yue: Hangzhou Xifu (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang)
Wu: Yangzhou Jiangdufu (present-day Yangzhou, Jiangsu)
South Tang: Xidu Jiangningfu (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu)
Tang: Xidu Jiangningfu (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu)
Tongzhou: Xidu Jiangningfu (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu)
Nanping (Jingnan): Jingzhou Jianglingfu (present-day Jiangling, Hubei)
Beijing Han: Taiyuan (present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi)
North Song Dynasty (960 A.D. - 1127 A.D.)
Tokyo (present-day Luoyang, Henan)
South Song Dynasty (1127 A.D. - 1279 A.D.)
Nanjing (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu) 1129 A.D. -1138 AD
Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) 1138 AD-1276 AD
Minority regimes
Liao (907 AD-1125 AD)
Shangjing Linshengfu (present-day Bahrain Left Banner, Inner Mongolia) 918 AD 1007 AD
Zhongjing Dadingfu (present-day Ningcheng, southwest of Inner Mongolia) 1007 AD-1125 AD
『Dali』(937 AD-1253 AD) Dali (present-day Dali, Yunnan)
『Xixia』(1038 AD-1227 AD) Xingqingfu (present-day Xingqingfu)
Western Xia (1038 AD-1227 AD) Xingqingfu (present-day Xingqingfu)
Western Xia (present-day Xingqingfu) 1227) Xingqingfu (Zhongxingfu) (present-day Yinchuan, southeast of Ningxia)
'Jin' (1115 AD - 1234 AD)
Huiningfu, the upper capital (present-day southeast of the city of Adong, Heilongjiang) 1115 AD - 1153 AD
Daxingfu, the middle capital (present-day southwest of the city of Beijing) 1153 AD 1214 AD
Nanjing Kaifengfu (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province) 1214 AD-1234 AD
『Western Liao』(1132 AD-1218 AD) Bala Shagon (also known as Husi Juru, Husi Juru) (present-day southeastern Tokmak, Kyrgyzstan, the Shattered Leaf City of the Tang Dynasty)
Yuan (1279 AD to 1368 AD)
Metropolis (present-day Beijing)
Ming (1368 AD to 1644 AD)
Nanjing (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
Nanjing (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province)
Beijing (present-day Beijing)
Beijing (present-day Beijing)
Beijing (present-day Beijing)
Beijing (present-day Beijing) AD 1420 - 1644 AD
Qing Dynasty (1644 AD - 1911 AD)
Peking (present-day Beijing)
Republic of China (1912 AD - 1949 AD)
Peking 1912 AD - 1928 AD
Guangzhou 1925 A.D. - 1927 A.D.
Wuhan 1927 A.D.
Nanjing 1927 A.D. - 1937 A.D.
Wuhan 1937 A.D.
Chongqing 1937 A.D. -1945 AD
Nanjing 1945 AD-1949 AD
Guangzhou 1949 AD
Chongqing 1949 AD
People's Republic of China
Peijing
Appendix. >Appendix:
Statistics of Capital Cities in China
01. Beijing: ({Spring and Autumn}{Warring States}Yan, Ji), (Liao, Dizinfu), (Jin, Zhongdu), (Yuan, Metropolis), (Ming, Jingshi), (Qing, Peking)
02. Yuxian County, Henan: (Xia, Yangzhai)
03. Qixian County, Henan: (Shang, Chaoguo), ({Spring and Autumn}Wei (Shang, Northern Bo), (Shang, Southern Bo), ({Spring and Autumn} Song, Shangqiu), (Northern Song, Yingtianfu)
05. Henan Yanshi: (Shang, Western Bo)
06. Henan Anyang: (Shang, Yin), ({North Dynasty} Eastern Wei, Yé), ({North Dynasty} Northern Qi, Yé)
07. Henan Luoyang: (Western Zhou, Luoyi), (Western Zhou, Luoyi), (Western Zhou, Luoyi), (Western Qi, Yé), (Northern Qi, Yé)
07. Henan Luoyang: ( Western Zhou, Luoyi), (Eastern Zhou, Luoyi), (Eastern Han, Luoyang), ({Three Kingdoms}Wei, Luoyang), (Western Jin, Luoyang), ({Northern Dynasty}Northern Wei, Luoyang), (Sui, Luoyang), (Tang, Luoyang), ({Five Dynasties}Tang, Luoyang), (Northern Song Dynasty, Henan Province)
08. Huaiyang, Henan: ({Spring and Autumn}Chen, Chen)
09. Shangcai, Henan: ({Spring and Autumn }Cai, Shangcai)
10. Henan Xinzheng: ({Spring and Autumn}Zheng, Xinzheng), ({Warring States}Han, Xinzheng)
11. Henan Kaifeng: ({Warring States}Wei, Daoliang), ({Warring States}Liang, Kaifeng), ({Warring States}Jin, Kaifeng), ({Warring States}Han, Kaifeng), ({Warring States}Zhou, Kaifeng), (Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng), (Jin, Kaifengfu)
12. Xi'an, Shaanxi: (Western Zhou, Feng-ho), (Western Han, Chang'an), ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Former Zhao, Chang'an), ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Former Qin, Chang'an), ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Later Qin, Chang'an), ({Northern Dynasties} Western Wei, Chang'an), ({Northern Dynasties} Northern Zhou, Chang'an), (Sui, Daxing), (Tang, Chang'an)
13. Fengxiang, Shaanxi: ({Spring and Autumn} Qin , Yong)
14. Xianyang, Shaanxi: ({Warring States} Qin , Xianyang), (Qin, Xianyang)
15. Jingbian, Shaanxi: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Xia , Tuanwancheng)
16. Qufu, Shandong: ({Spring and Autumn} Lu , Qufu)
17. Linzi, Shandong: ({Spring and Autumn} {Warring States} Qi , Linzi)
18. Dingtao, Shandong: ({ Spring and Autumn }Cao, Tao)
19. Shandong Yidu: ({Sixteen Kingdoms}Nan Yan, Guanggu)
20. Shanxi Yicheng: ({Spring and Autumn}Jin, Jiangjiang)
21. Shanxi Changzi: ({Sixteen Kingdoms}Xiyan, Changzi)
22. Shanxi Xiaxian: (Xia, Anyi)
23. Shanxi Datong: ({North Dynasty}Northern Wei, Pingcheng) (Liao, Datongfu), (Jin, Datongfu)
24. Taiyuan, Shanxi: (Tang, Taiyuan), ({Ten Kingdoms}Beihan, Taiyuan)
25. Handan, Hebei: ({Warring States}Zhao, Handan)
26. Xingtai, Hebei: ({Sixteen Kingdoms}Post-Zhao, Xiangguo)
27. Linzhang, Hebei: ({Sixteen Kingdoms}Wei, Ye)
27. Sixteen Kingdoms} Former Yan, Ye)
28. Dingxian, Hebei: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Later Yan, Zhongshan)
29. Daiming, Hebei: (Northern Song Dynasty, Daimingfu)
30. Suzhou, Jiangsu: (Spring and Autumn Period, Wu)
31. Nanjing, Jiangsu: ({Three Kingdoms} Wu, Jianye), (Eastern Jin Dynasty, Jiankang), ({Southern Dynasty} Song, Jiankang), ({Southern Dynasty }Qi, Jiankang), ({Southern Dynasties} Liang, Jiankang), ({Southern Dynasties} Chen, Jiankang), ({Ten Kingdoms} Southern Tang, Jinling), (Ming, Nanjing)
32. Yangzhou, Jiangsu: ({Ten Kingdoms} Wu, Guangling), ({Ten Kingdoms} Southern Tang, Yangzhou)
33. Shaoxing, Zhejiang: ({Spring and Autumn Period} Yue, Huiji)
34. Hangzhou, Zhejiang: ({Ten Kingdoms} Wu Yue, Hangzhou), (Southern Song Dynasty, Lin'an)
35. Chengdu, Sichuan: ({Three Kingdoms} Shu, Chengdu), ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Cheng Han, Chengdu), ({Ten Kingdoms} Former Shu, Chengdu), ({Ten Kingdoms} Later Shu, Chengdu)
36. Yuzhong, Gansu: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Western Qin, Yuanchuan)
37. Wuwei, Gansu: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Former Liang, Guzang) ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Houliang, Guzang)
38. Zhangye, Gansu: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Beiliang, Zhangye)
39. Jiuquan, Gansu: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Xiliang, Jiuquan)
40. Chaoyang, Liaoning: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Beiyan, Longcheng)
41. Liaoyang, Liaoning: (Liao, LiaoYangFu), (Jin, LiaoYangFu), (Qing, Shengjing)
32.
42. Qinghai Ledu: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Nanliang, Ledu)
43. Inner Mongolia Heringer: ({Sixteen Kingdoms} Dai, Shengle), ({North Dynasty} Northern Wei, Shengle)
44. Inner Mongolia Bahrain Left Banner: (Liao, Linshou)
45. Inner Mongolia Ningcheng: (Liao, Dadingfu), (Jin, Dadingfu)
46.
46. Zhenglanqi, Inner Mongolia: (Yuan, Kaiping)
47. Changsha, Hunan: ({Ten Kingdoms} Chu, Changsha)
48. Fuzhou, Fujian: ({Ten Kingdoms} Min, Changle)
49. Guangzhou, Guangdong: ({Ten Kingdoms} Nanhan, Xingwangfu)
50. Ardon City, Heilongjiang: (Jin, Huiningfu)
51. Yinchuan: (Xixia, Xingqingfu)
52. Dali, Yunnan: (Dali, Dali)
53. Jiangling, Hubei: ({Spring and Autumn}{Warring States}Chu, Ying), ({Ten Kingdoms}Nanping, Jiangling)
Note: The name of the dynasty and the name of the city at that time are given in parentheses. Only the larger historical dynasties and the fourteen vassals of the Spring and Autumn period, the seven warring states, the Three Kingdoms, the Sixteen Kingdoms, the North and South Dynasties, and the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms are listed. Some dynasties have more than one capital city, for the accompanying capital or caused by the relocation of the capital.