A comprehensive commercial building with a building area of 5000 square meters? The reinforced concrete shear wall structure is adopted, and the integral components of the building meet the requirements of the first-class fire resistance rating. There are 3 floors underground and 8 floors above ground, with a building height of 38m.

A catering business district is set up in the northwest area of the basement, which is located in the catering business district with a construction area of 50m? 10 user's small restaurant setting 1 internal evacuation door; A building with a building area of 90 square meters is set up in the southwest area of the first basement. Design a large-scale restaurant with Kara 0K function for 70 people, and set up two internal evacuation doors; A children's playground is set up in the central area of the first basement; An 800-meter-long building is located in the east area of the first basement. And can accommodate 60 people. The second floor underground is equipped with common equipment, including atmospheric gas boiler room, fire pump room, fire control room, diesel generator room, ventilation and air conditioning room, power distribution room and other equipment rooms, which are separated by 2.50h partition wall and 1.00 h floor. The entrance and exit doors of each equipment room are steel Class B fire doors. There is an underground garage on the third floor, and the fire resistance limit of the floor between the garage and the second floor is1h.

The first to fifth floors above ground are commercial business halls, and the decoration materials are incombustible or nonflammable materials. On the sixth floor are electronic amusement halls and cinemas. The electronic entertainment hall has five boxes, each with a construction area of 200? 250㎡。 Each floor of the building is divided into two fire zones. The 60-meter-long escape walkway is used between the fire zones, and the partition wall of the escape walkway is a 3.00-hour fire partition wall. The door leading to the front room is a Class B fire door, and the door leading to the escape walkway in the front room is a Class A fire door.

The external thermal insulation of the building adopts the external thermal insulation system with a cavity between the external wall, the basic wall and the decorative layer. The insulating material is an XPS board with a thickness of 50 mm, and the surface of the insulating material is provided with a full-coverage protective layer. On each floor, fireproof sealing materials are used to seal the cavities between systems and the gaps between the base layer and the decorative layer. Considering the aesthetic requirements, the exterior wall decoration material is colorful paint.

The building is equipped with automatic sprinkler system, automatic fire alarm system and indoor and outdoor fire hydrant system according to national standards.

According to the above materials, answer questions: (***22 points)

1. Point out the problems existing in the layout of buildings and explain the reasons.

2. Determine whether the setting of evacuation doors from the third floor underground to the sixth floor above ground is reasonable, and explain the reasons.

3. Judge whether the concrete measures for building exterior wall and roof insulation are reasonable, and explain the reasons.

4. Point out the problems existing in building fire partition and fire separation, and explain the reasons.

Reference answer

1. Answer 1) Question: There is a gas-fired boiler room and a diesel generator room on the second floor underground. Reason: Gas boiler room, diesel generator room and other equipment rooms should not be located on the upper floor, lower floor or adjacent to crowded places.

2) Question: The electronic amusement hall on the sixth floor above ground has a construction area of 200 yuan per box? 250㎡. Reason: When song and dance entertainment places are set at four floors or above, the construction area of each room should not be greater than 200m? .

3) Problem: There is a fire control room on the second floor underground. Reason: The fire control room should be located on the first floor or in the basement near the external wall of the building.

4) Question: A children's playground is set up in the central area of the first basement. Reason: Nurseries, kindergartens, children's rooms and children's amusement halls should be set up in independent buildings, not underground or semi-underground.

5) Question: There is an 800-meter-long building on the east side of the basement. And can accommodate 60 people. Reason: when the nursing facilities for the elderly are set underground or semi-underground, they should be set on the basement level, and the construction area of each room should not be greater than 200m? And the number of users should not be greater than 30.

2. Answer 1) The building area is 50m? 10 It is reasonable for users to set up 1 internal evacuation doors. Reason: The building area is not more than 50m? Underground and semi-underground rooms with no more than 15 people can be equipped with 1 evacuation doors. Except for Class A and Class B production workshops, each door can evacuate rooms with no more than 60 people and no more than 30 people, and the opening direction of the evacuation door is not limited.

2) The building area is 90m? It is unreasonable to design a large restaurant with Kara 0K function for 70 people and set two evacuation doors that open inward. Reason: The evacuation doors of civil buildings should be horizontal doors that open in the evacuation direction. Except for Class A and Class B workshops, there is no limit on the number of rooms with no more than 60 people and no more than 30 people per door. There are two evacuation doors for 70 people, each with more than 30 people. So we can only drive in the direction of evacuation.

3) The entrance and exit of each equipment room on the second floor underground are all steel Class B fire doors, which is unreasonable. Reason: The doors of gas-fired boiler room, fire water pump room, diesel generator room, ventilation and air conditioning room, power distribution room and other equipment rooms in the building should adopt Class A fire doors.

4) It is unreasonable that the fire partition on the refuge aisle is a Class B fire door that opens into the front room, and the door of the front room that opens into the refuge aisle is a Class A fire door. Reason: The door leading to the front room should be Class A fire door, and the door leading to the aisle of the front room should be Class B fire door. In the problem, the doorway leading to the corridor meets the requirements, but the doorway leading to the front room does not meet the requirements.

3. Answer 1) It is unreasonable to use polyurethane foam board for building external wall insulation. Reason: The combustion performance of XPS board is B? Class, the building belongs to crowded places, and Class A external wall insulation materials should be adopted.

2) It is unreasonable to use flame retardant materials to set a completely covered protective layer on its surface. Reason: When the external wall insulation material is made of flame-retardant combustible materials, the incombustible materials must be used as the protective layer.

3) It is reasonable for each layer to seal the cavity between the systems and the gap between the base and the decorative layer with fireproof sealing materials. Reason: The cavity between the external thermal insulation system, the foundation wall and the decorative layer of the building should be sealed with fireproof sealing material on each floor.

4) The exterior wall decoration material adopts colorful paint, which is reasonable. Reason: the decorative layer of building exterior wall should be made of materials with grade A combustion performance, but when the building height is not more than 50m, B? Grade material. Colorful paint belongs to B? Class, the building height of this shopping mall is 38m, and B? Grade material.

4. Answer 1) Question: The fire resistance limit of the floor between the garage and the second basement is1h. Reason: There is a garage on the third floor of the building. When the garage is built together with other buildings, it should be separated from other parts by a firewall and a floor with a fire resistance limit of not less than 2.0h.

2) Problem: The basement is divided into two fire zones. Reason: when the civil building is located in the basement, the building area of the fire zone is not more than 500m? , after setting the automatic sprinkler system, it should not be greater than 1000m? . At least five fire zones should be divided.

3) Problem: The equipment floor on the second floor underground is divided into two fire zones. Reason: the building area of the fire protection zone of the underground equipment floor is not more than 1000m? After setting the automatic sprinkler system, it should not be greater than 2000m? At least 3 fire zones should be divided.

4) Problem: The machine room is separated by a 2.50h partition wall and a 1.00h floor. Reason: The computer room needs to be separated by a fireproof partition wall of not less than 2.00h and a floor of1.50 h ... The fireproof partition meets the requirements, but the floor does not meet the requirements.

?

More tianjin fire engineers simulated exercises.