Chengdu is a national historical and cultural city and the birthplace of ancient Shu civilization. The Jinsha site in China has a history of 3,111 years. Zhou Taiwang is named Chengdu because it is "a city in one year and Chengdu in two years". Seven separatist regimes have established their capitals here; It has always been the state and county administration of various dynasties; Han is one of the five largest cities in China; Tang is one of the most developed industrial and commercial cities in China, which is known as "Yang Yi Er" in history. The Northern Song Dynasty was the second largest city outside Bianjing, and invented the world's first paper currency. With Dujiangyan, Wuhou Temple, Du Fu Caotang and other places of interest, it is an excellent tourist city in China. Let me introduce you to the top ten must-see tourist attractions in Chengdu:
1. Qingcheng Mountain Scenic Area
Mount Qingcheng, the main scenic spot of the world cultural heritage Qingcheng Mountain-Dujiangyan, the national key cultural relics protection unit, the national key scenic spot, the national AAAAA-level tourist scenic spot, the Quanzhen Longmen Sect Holy Land, one of the top ten caves, one of the four famous Taoist mountains in China and one of the five fairy mountains.
Qingcheng Mountain is located in the southwest of Dujiangyan City, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 68km east of Chengdu City and 11km southwest of Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project. The scenic spot covers an area of 211 square kilometers, and the highest peak, Laojunge, is 1,261 meters above sea level. Qingcheng Mountain is divided into front and back mountains, surrounded by undulating peaks and lush forests, enjoying the reputation of "Qingcheng is quiet in the world".
The whole mountain forest is green, evergreen all the year round and surrounded by peaks, which looks like a city wall, hence the name Qingcheng Mountain. Dan ladder has thousands of steps, winding paths lead to secluded places, and you win by being quiet and clean. Inside and outside the scenic spot, the tranquility of Tianshi Cave and Yuanming Palace is a major feature of Qingcheng Mountain.
From March 31th to April 31th, 2121, the scenic spot launched the activity of "You spend, I'm free, and you can visit Qingchengshan-Dujiangyan in April", so all tourists who spend in Dujiangyan will have the opportunity to enjoy the scenic spot for free.
Qingcheng Mountain, formerly known as Zhangren Mountain, is a branch of Qionglai Mountain. Qingcheng Mountain is close to Minshan Snow Ridge and faces the western Sichuan Plain. The main peak of Laoxiao Peak is 1,261m above sea level (measured data in 2117). Qingcheng Mountain is backed by the Minjiang River and overlooks the Chengdu Plain, with a scenic area of 211 square kilometers. According to ancient records, Qingcheng Mountain is said to have "36 peaks", "eight caves", "72 caves" and "181 scenic spots". There are 36 peaks in the whole mountain, which are surrounded by city walls.
Qingcheng Mountain is characterized by "Danyan Gully, Chibi Cliff" in geology and geomorphology. The soil type is mainly mountain yellow soil, and the parent rock is the slope deposit of Jurassic purple sandstone, mudstone and conglomerate.
Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Scenic Area
Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Scenic Area is located on the Minjiang River in the west of Chengdu Plain, Sichuan Province, in the west of Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province. Dujiangyan is not only a world-famous ancient water conservancy project in China, but also a famous scenic spot. Dujiangyan has beautiful scenery and many cultural relics, including Fulongguan, Erwang Temple, Anlan Suoqiao, Yuleiguan, Lidui Park, Yuleishan Park, Yunv Mountain, Lingyan Temple, Puzhao Temple, Cuiyue Lake and Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project.
From March 31th to April 31th, 2121, the scenic spot launched the activity of "You spend, I'm free, and you can visit Qingchengshan-Dujiangyan in April", so all tourists who spend in Dujiangyan will have the opportunity to enjoy the scenic spot for free.
Dujiangyan's main project is to divide the Minjiang River into two streams, one of which is introduced into Chengdu Plain, which can not only divert floods and reduce disasters, but also achieve the goal of diverting water to irrigate fields and turning harm into benefit. The other one flows into the Yangtze River. The most important part of Dujiangyan water conservancy project is Dujiangyan canal head project, which is the most critical and important facility in Dujiangyan irrigation system. Dujiangyan headwork project is mainly composed of fishmouth diversion dike, feisha weir spillway and Baojiangkou drainage project. It scientifically solves the problems of automatic river diversion, automatic sediment discharge and control of inflow. The three are connected end to end, take care of each other, and are natural and ingenious.
Yuzui Fenshui Dike is located at the top of the middle reaches of Minjiang River. It divides the rushing Minjiang River into two parts, the outer river is the original riverbed, and the inner river is used for drainage irrigation. Its ingenuity is reflected in two points. One is that it uses the low riverbed in Neijiang to divert water for 61% in dry season, and the wide riverbed in the outer river to discharge water for 61% in flood season. The so-called "four or six, flat drought" is precisely this truth. Secondly, the fish mouth is located at the end of the first bend in the middle reaches of Minjiang River, which skillfully uses the natural law of bend fluid mechanics, that is, the surface water flows into the concave bank and the low-level water flows into the convex bank. Therefore, the surface water with less sand and gravel naturally flows into Neijiang, while the bottom water is squeezed into the outer river along the convex bank of the river bend, and most of the sand and gravel also rolls and sinks on the outer river channel. That's what the so-called "46 flood diversion and 28 sediment discharge" said.
When the fish mouth leads the river into Neijiang, the rushing river is ready to flow to Chengdu Plain. How to control the unruly wildness of Minjiang River?
Feisha weir is one of the three important elements of Dujiangyan. It looks very ordinary, but in fact, its function can't be replaced by any project. It can be said that it is the key to ensure that Chengdu Plain is not flooded. The height of the flying sand weir is just 2.15 meters higher than the riverbed of Neijiang. Its main function is that when the water in Neijiang exceeds the upper limit of the flow at the bottle mouth, the excess water will automatically overflow from the flying sand weir. In case of an emergency caused by a serious flood, it will break its banks on its own, allowing a large number of rivers to return to the Minjiang River. Another function is to "fly sand" and skillfully use the centrifugal force and the top drag of Hutouyan to throw the sediment and pebbles brought by the upstream, and even huge stones weighing hundreds of kilograms, into the outer river from here to ensure the smooth flow of Neijiang, which is really ingenious.
Baokoukou is a manually dug mountain gorge. Yulei Mountain is divided into two parts, leaving only a 21-meter inlet. Neijiang water rushes to Baokoukou from a 111-meter-wide river, which runs through it in the normal season and rises in the peak season. Uncontrolled water keeps climbing, and when it rushes in, the Chengdu Plain will suffer from floods. The design of the flying sand weir here is combined with the bottle mouth, and its height is just over 2.15 meters of Neijiang River bed. This means that when the water level in Neijiang rises by 2.15 meters, the turbulent waves will overflow from the flying sand weir. The water entering the bottle mouth is always at an almost balanced constant. Since then, the Chengdu Plain has been irrigated and safe, and the painstaking efforts here can be described as ingenious.
Third, the research base of giant panda breeding
chengdu research base of giant panda is one of the main research bases for the China government to implement the ex situ conservation project of endangered wild animals such as giant pandas, and it is a national AAAA-level tourist attraction.
is a well-known research institution for the protection of rare and endangered wild animals such as giant pandas, which integrates panda research and breeding, conservation education, educational tourism and panda culture construction.
As of 2116, Chengdu Base has established cooperative relations with conservation organizations such as the International Union for Nature and the World Wide Fund for Nature, as well as relevant institutions in 12 countries such as the Genome Diversity Laboratory of the National Cancer Institute, the Smithsonian National Zoo Conservation Research Center, the Dongwan Zoo Association of Auckland City, the Manchester Zoo Association of the United Kingdom, the University of Liverpool in the United Kingdom, Keio University in Japan, the University of Japan, the University of Queensland in Australia, the Samsung Agricultural Park in South Korea and the Madrid Zoo in Spain. Since 1989, in cooperation with the International Union of Nature (CBSG), it has successively hosted international academic training activities such as "endangered animal gene database training course", "feline veterinary training course", "population genetic management training seminar" and "panda non-interference reproductive endocrinology training course". Since 1994, the cooperative breeding of giant pandas has been carried out with Japan's Baibin Wildlife Park for 11 years, during which 4 cubs survived in Japan; Since October, 1999, we have cooperated with Atlanta Zoo in the United States to carry out the research on giant panda breeding for 11 years, and successfully bred 2 cubs.
according to the information profile of the base in official website in May 2117, chengdu research base of giant panda has successively won the honors of "Top 511 in the World", "China Green Science and Technology Gold Award", "National Excellent Project for Comprehensive Environmental Management", "Sichuan Top 111 Greening Advanced Unit" and "National Demonstration Base for Popular Science Education" issued by the United Nations Environment Programme.
2111-Sichuan TV Festival "Golden Panda" International Documentary Award
2112-the city's pioneering efforts give priority to grass-roots party organizations
2112-2112 people's recommended scenic spots
2113-the feeding class was named "Worker Pioneer"
2114-the national advanced group of technical talents
. Urban model unit
advanced unit of urban water-saving work in Chengdu in p>2115-2114
IV. Jiangnanguan Street Neighborhood Site
Jiangnanguan Street Neighborhood Site is located in the north of Jiangnanguan Street in Jinjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, and belongs to the site from Tang Dynasty to Song Dynasty. From October 2117 to October 2118, the excavated area was * * * 4,811 square meters. The stratigraphic accumulation of the site can be divided into 7 layers from top to bottom, which are evenly distributed. Porcelain, Buddha statues and other cultural relics from the Han, Tang and Song dynasties were unearthed. Excavate large and small drains, paved roads, mud bypass roads and houses in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and roads, houses and wells in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The primary and secondary streets, houses and drains (urban sewers) of the site are scientifically planned and rationally laid out, which fully reflects that Chengdu had a high level of urban planning and construction management during the Tang and Song Dynasties. Brick-paved streets criss-crossing for tens of meters are very rare in the history of urban archaeology in China, and it is unique to find such large-scale important remains in the Tang and Song Dynasties in the center of modern cities. It provides valuable materials for the study of ancient architecture and urban planning in China. In 2113, it was approved by the State Council as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
The Tang Dynasty neighborhood site in Jiangnanguan Street is located in Daci Temple in the east, adjacent to Hongxing Road in the west, and Shudu Avenue in the north. It was discovered in 2117. "The age reflected by the site lasted from the Tang Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, and there were some traces of the Yuan Dynasty. At present, the excavated part of the ground mainly presents the ruins of the Song Dynasty. Such a large-scale important site in the Tang and Song Dynasties is very rare in the country, filling the gap in urban archaeology in Chengdu. " Jiang Zhanghua, vice president of Chengdu Museum, said: "The site has well-preserved brick-paved streets and drainage ditches, and there are many cultural relics of Han, Tang and Song dynasties such as porcelain and Buddha statues."
in October, 2117, in order to cooperate with the infrastructure construction of the international financial center project of Hongkong Wharf Group, Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted cultural relics exploration on the site of Guanjie in the south of the Yangtze River. The site is located on the north side of Jiangnanguan Street in Chengdu, with Daci Temple area in the east, Hongxing Road in the west and Shudu Avenue in the north, covering an area of about 51,111 square meters. Exploration found that the southwest corner of the project was the most abundant in Tang and Song dynasties, and then a large-scale excavation was carried out in this area, with an excavation area of * * * 4,811 square meters. The field excavation work was completed on October 1, 2118. * * * Excavation of 16 large and small drains, 4 paved roads, 4 mud bypass roads, 22 houses, 1 roads, 8 houses and 3 wells in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, the primary and secondary streets, houses and their supporting underground drainage systems in the Tang and Song Dynasties are the major discoveries of this excavation.
A large number of relics from the Tang and Song Dynasties have been unearthed, mainly porcelain, mainly from local Qingyang Palace Kiln, as well as foreign products such as Longquan Kiln and Ding Kiln. The quantity and quality of foreign products are obviously higher than other sites in Chengdu at the same time, and the shapes of utensils are mainly bowls, plates and lamps for daily use. The appearance of more expensive foreign porcelain may also be related to the prosperity of this area. In addition, the site also unearthed Buddhist statues related to Buddhist temples in the late Tang Dynasty and some fragments of Buddhist scriptures and stone carvings. These Buddhist-related artifacts may be related to the changes in the scope of Daci Temple in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
V. Chengdu Du Fu Caotang
Chengdu Du Fu Caotang Museum is located at No.37 Qinghua Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, and was the former residence of Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty in China, when he lived in Chengdu. Du Fu lived here for nearly four years and wrote more than 241 poems. Wei Zhuang, a poet at the end of the Tang Dynasty, found the site of the thatched cottage and rebuilt it, so that it could be preserved. It was repaired and expanded in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
the thatched cottage covers an area of nearly 311 mu. It completely retains the architectural pattern of the 13th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (AD 1511) and the 16th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (AD 1811). It is a sacred place in the history of China literature with its simple and elegant architecture and beautiful gardens. Du Fu Memorial Hall was established in 1955 and renamed Chengdu Du Fu Caotang Museum in 1985.
the museum is the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, the first batch of national first-class museums, the national key ancient books protection units, and the national AAAA-level tourist attractions. It is the largest, best preserved, most famous and most distinctive Du Fu's whereabouts in China, with an annual tourist volume of more than one million people. On 11/11/2118, it was selected into the list of "National Primary and Secondary School Students' Research and Practice Education Bases".
in March, 2121, in order to thank the national medical staff for their persistent dedication, the frontline medical staff and their families in the museum were offered free of charge during the year. In May, 2121, it won the advanced collective in organizing the 7th Chengdu International Intangible Cultural Heritage Festival in China.
Chengdu Du Fu Caotang Museum has more than 31,111 volumes of various materials and more than 2,111 cultural relics. It includes fine engravings, photocopies, manuscripts of Du Fu's poems in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as all kinds of modern printed editions, as well as foreign translations of 15 languages and more than 121 Chinese engravings published in Korea and Japan, which is the richest and best-preserved place for Du Fu's life creation. "Du Fu's Poetic Paintings" collected in Du Fu's Caotang has become a special painting category in China painting circle, and many museums in China have collections. Modern masters such as Qi Baishi, Xu Beihong, Fu Baoshi, Pan Tianshou, Liu Haisu, Wu Zuoren, Li Kuchan, Wang Xuetao, etc. also created fine works with different styles based on Du Shi's paintings.
Du Fu Caotang in Chengdu is famous for its poems, and it has been handed down to the later generations by the sage of poems.
In p>2111, during the construction of underground pipeline in Chengdu Du Fu Caotang Museum, the ruins of the Tang Dynasty ash kang and the Tang Dynasty residential buildings were discovered in the west of the main entrance of the Caotang and the northeast of the Ministry of Industry, respectively, and a large number of ceramic utensils, building components, wall foundations, wells, ditches, stoves and other residential buildings were unearthed. Their age is very close to the time when Du Fu lived in Chengdu. The Tang Dynasty site of Du Fu's Caotang is one of the most important cultural relics in Chengdu Plain. It shows the social life style of Chengdu in Tang Dynasty, confirms Du Fu's description of its living environment and life scene, and provides physical evidence for the historical evolution of Du Fu's Caotang.
VI. Dayi Liu Manor Museum
Dayi Liushi Manorial Museum is located at No.15 Jingui Street, Anren Town, Dayi County, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, and is one of the important historical sites and representative buildings in modern China. The museum was founded in October 1958; In 1958, the exhibition hall of Dayi landlord village was formally established; At the beginning of 1997, "Dayi Landlord Manor Exhibition Hall" was officially renamed as "Dayi Liu Manor Museum".
The museum of Liu's Manor in Dayi covers an area of over 71,111 square meters, with a building area of about 21,155 square meters, which is in the architectural style of western sichuan bazi. The buildings, collections, clay sculptures and remains of the museum are important objects for understanding and studying the politics, economy and culture of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China, as well as the history of warlords, folklore and modern residential buildings in Sichuan, and are also a section of the history of modern social development in China. <