Pu 'er tea can be divided into trees and shrubs in raw materials, new tea and old tea in years, raw tea and cooked tea in fermentation transformation, fragrant, camphor, lotus, jujube, ginseng and aged tea in taste, and dry and wet in storage. These differences make the price, taste and efficacy of Pu 'er tea different. At present, there are many kinds of Pu 'er tea on the market, with mixed quality. Consumers should be careful when choosing:
& lt 1 & gt； Arbor Pu 'er tea tree grows in the area above 1000 meters above sea level, and its age is over 500 years. Mixed with camphor tree and other tree species to form a complete plant ecosystem. It is rich in nutrition and has great value-added potential, but its price is high, so it is suitable for people with better economic conditions to eat.
The taste of<2> Pu 'er tea varies according to different tea areas and grades, some are bitter, some are light green, some are strong in body fluid, and some are warm. But the soup should be clear in color, sweet and smooth in taste and natural in smell;
& lt3> raw tea has a strong smell and a good degreasing effect, but it has certain irritation to the stomach, so it is suitable for people with good stomach function, obesity, high blood lipid and blood pressure. Cooked tea has mild temperature, delicate lubrication, warming stomach, relaxing bowels, diuresis, slimming and beautifying, and is suitable for all people to drink;
& lt4> Pu 'er tea has great value-added potential, and collecting Pu 'er tea can indeed achieve good economic benefits, but when collecting it, you must choose Qiao Damu Shu tea with good tea quality and tea products produced by manufacturers with good brand reputation;
& lt5> Pu 'er tea with a long history is really delicious and tasteful, but the variety and quantity of old tea in the market are extremely limited and the price is extremely high. In order to pursue profits, some unscrupulous businessmen make fake old tea by various means, which is very deceptive because it is difficult for ordinary people to distinguish the authenticity from the appearance. So don't blindly pursue old tea, read more books, ask more questions, communicate more, or buy from reputable businesses.
& lt6> Pure Pu 'er tea does not contain any pigments, flavoring agents and spices.
We suggest that when you buy tea, you should take "pure justice" as the evaluation standard: first, purity: smell its taste: the taste should be clear, and there should be no miscellaneous taste. The second is purity: distinguish its color, brown as jujube, not black as paint. The third kind is positive: put it in its original place, store it in a dry warehouse, and don't put it in a wet place. The fourth is qi: taste its soup, which is light in taste and cannot be mixed. But no matter what kind of tea you buy, you should go to a reputable store with complete varieties and guaranteed quality.
Second, how to store Pu 'er tea?
Among all kinds of tea, the preservation conditions of Pu 'er tea are more relaxed. It is not difficult for ordinary families to store Pu 'er tea: if it is pressed tea, don't unpack it; If it is loose tea, it is recommended to store it in a purple sand jar, as long as it is not exposed to direct sunlight, the environment is clean and hygienic, ventilated and ventilated, and the humidity is not too high, but it must be far away from pollution sources or other flavor sources such as soap and cosmetics.
3. What are the main tea mountains of Pu 'er tea and what are their characteristics?
Pu 'er Ancient Tea Mountain is divided into six buildings in the river bounded by Lancang River: Aule, Gordon, Yibang, Mangzhi, Manzhuan and Mansa; The sixth floor outside the river: Nannuo, Nanqiao, Mengsong, Jingmai, Brown and Bada.
Because the growing environment of tea trees in each tea mountain is different, and the chemical components contained in the soil are also different, the taste of tea produced in this 12 tea mountain is also different. First look at the sixth floor in the middle of the river: (1), Pishanshan: a small leaf species belonging to trees, with bitter taste, strong sweetness, quick saliva production, elegant fragrance and dark orange soup color. (2) Mangzhishan: a lobular tree species, with bitter taste, strong sweetness, quick production of saliva, light aroma and dark orange soup color. (3) Yibangshan: it is a lobular tree species, sweet and quick-acting, with good body fluid, fragrant fragrance and dark orange soup color. (4) Manzhuanshan: It is a big-leaved tree with bitter taste, strong sweetness, good body fluid, plum fragrance and dark yellow soup. There is a saying in history that drinking bricks depends on billions of countries. (5) Mansa Mountain (Yiwu Mountain): It belongs to a big-leaved tree species, slightly bitter and has a high aroma. There is a faint fragrance in plum fragrance and honey fragrance. The bud tea collected before and after Grain Rain is light and fragrant, strong and produces saliva. Yiwu Zhengshan is a famous tea mountain at home and abroad in history. (6) Youleshan: It is a big leaf, bitter and heavy, sweet and quick, good for body fluids, with a general aroma and a light orange soup.
At present, the tea production of the above six tea mountains has gradually decreased, and the focus of tea production has shifted to the six tea mountains outside the river: (1), and Nannuo Mountain: with large leaves, slightly bitter taste, sweet taste, good body fluid and bright orange color. There is the fragrance of orchids, and osmanthus tea is as light as lotus. It is a famous ancient tea mountain in history, and there is still a cultivated tea king tree with a history of more than 1000 years. (2) Brown Mountain: It belongs to a tree with big leaves, tastes bitter, returns to sweetness quickly, produces strong saliva, and the soup is orange and bright. Unique aroma, including plum fragrance, nectar fragrance and orchid fragrance, is the dream collection of many Chinese and foreign merchants and Pu 'er tea lovers. (3) Eight Mountains: They belong to big-leaved tree species, and grow patches of cultivated tea trees and wild tea forests. Wang Shusheng, a 1800-year-old wild tea, grows on the big black mountain in Song He village. This kind of camellia tastes bitter, sweet, produces saliva quickly, the soup is orange, crystal clear, dark green and shiny. Good aroma, with plum fragrance and honey fragrance. (4) Nanqiao Tea Mountain: it belongs to the middle-leaf species of trees, and the trees and tea trees are not forests (slices), with many shrubs, thin and sweet taste, dark orange color of soup, average aroma and low tea grade. (5) Mengsong Tea Mountain: it belongs to the middle leaf species of trees, and the tree tea tree is not a forest (piece), with many shrubs, bitter taste, slightly sweet and fluid, dark yellow soup and dark black rope. (6) Jingmai Mountain in Huiming: It belongs to the big-leaf arbor, and the largest arbor in Twelve Tea Mountains is concentrated here, which is called "10,000 mu old arbor tea garden". Bitter and heavy, sweet and thick, the soup is orange and transparent. There is also a parasite commonly known as "crab feet" that grows on trees and tea trees here, which can diminish inflammation and resolve phlegm, and is more effective in treating stomach diseases and diabetes.
4. What are the varieties of arbor tea trees?
According to plant research experts, there are four tree tea varieties in Yunnan: Gao Lu Tea, Dehong Tea, Yunnan Tea and White Cat Tea. According to leaf species, there are three varieties: big leaf, middle leaf and small leaf.
5. What are the requirements for the growth environment of arbor tea trees?
Tea tree is an acidic plant, which is sensitive to soil PH value. The pH value of acidic soil suitable for tea tree growth is 4.5-6.5. Tea tree likes wet and warm, and the most suitable temperature for tea tree growth is 20-25 degrees. Tea trees should not be planted in areas where the daily average temperature is lower than 10 degrees or higher than 35 degrees. Xishuangbanna is between 800- 1800 meters above sea level, with high mountains and fog, abundant rainfall, annual rainfall of 1300- 1800 mm, and complete ecosystem. It is precisely because of the superior ecological environment here that Pu 'er tea has a unique and rich taste, health care efficacy and collection value.
6. Does the tea tree have flowers? Can it be drunk?
Tea trees have flowers, white flowers, pedicels like cloves, and five petals. Locals commonly call them "Torch Flower" and "Mad Woman Flower". Camellia can be drunk, with mellow aroma and smooth taste, but the brewing times are not as much as tea.
7. How many years has the oldest tea king tree been discovered, and where does it grow?
Up to now, the oldest tea king tree found is as high as 1800 years old, with a height of 32. 12 meters and a root diameter of 2.9 meters. It is by far the largest "king of tea trees" found in the world. Located in Daheishan, Song He Township, Bada District, Menghai County. Due to lightning strike, it changed from 32. 12 to the current14m.
Eight, can the tea of wild tea trees be drunk?
The tea of wild tea tree can be drunk, but it is bitter, without domestication and management, and has few nutrients. The tea leaves of the wild tea king tree are no longer allowed to be picked. In order to protect the tea king tree, local residents spontaneously organized to take care of it.
9. What is a "crab horn"?
Crab horn is a parasite on old trees and tea trees. Its color is green (but it will turn brown after picking and drying) and it is shaped like a crab's foot. It has a strong plum fragrance, contains a variety of organic substances and has high nutritional value. Can be used as medicine, and has a good effect on anti-inflammation, gastropathy and diabetes.
10. What are the main components of Pu 'er tea?
Tree Pu 'er tea is rich in substances because of its superior growth environment and long growth time. Its main components are: protein, amino acids, alkaloids, tea polyphenols, sugars, organic acids, lipids, tea pigments, aroma components, vitamins and trace elements. These ingredients are the basis for Pu 'er tea to benefit mankind.
XI。 Why do mainland people know less about Pu 'er tea?
As a representative of tea culture, Pu 'er tea has a history of about two thousand years. But in the past, few people in the mainland knew and understood Pu 'er tea. There are many reasons: First, Pu 'er tea originated in the border of Yunnan, and the tea products produced have been transported to Tibet and Southeast Asia through the ancient tea-horse road. Some teas can only be enjoyed by royalty and dignitaries who have traveled long distances into the mainland, which is beyond the reach of ordinary people; Second, the output of Pu 'er tea has been small, and it is still in short supply. Most of the products are sold to Hongkong, Taiwan Province, Southeast Asia, Guangdong and other places, so the manufacturers did not pay attention to the promotion of Pu 'er tea. Thirdly, due to historical reasons, ordinary people associate Pu 'er tea with wealthy businessmen and relatives of the country. When it comes to Pu 'er tea, they feel unattainable and think that consumption is too expensive, thus forming a certain distance from Pu 'er tea psychologically. Fourth, in the past, the mainland's economy was underdeveloped, the living standard was low, and the awareness of medical care was poor; Fifth, living habits are different from drinking tea. Drinking tea is only used to quench thirst, not as a part of culture, health, leisure and socialization.
12. Will the price of Pu 'er tea increase year by year?
Recently, the price of Pu 'er tea is on the rise. Pu 'er tea is a pure green eco-food, which contains incomparable nutrients and health-care effects. However, compared with other teas, the price of Pu 'er tea is low. Pu 'er tea, especially Qiaomu tea, has limited raw materials. With people's recognition of the excellent quality of Pu 'er tea, the market demand will expand sharply, and the contradiction between supply and demand will also lead to an increase in the price of Pu 'er tea. Another important and main reason for the price increase of Pu 'er tea is the rise of raw material prices. Trees and tea trees are planted in alpine forests, where the consciousness of market economy of minority villagers in the cottage is also rapidly increasing, and the competition for raw materials by manufacturers also makes them see the value of tea in their hands. In 2005, the purchase price of trees and tea trees more than doubled compared with 2004, and the low-priced raw materials in the past will no longer exist.
Thirteen, what are the characteristics of cooked tea, why is it particularly popular with consumers?
Cooked tea is really unique. It is neat and straight, the soup is red, bright and transparent, the taste is sweet, soft and smooth, and the taste of lotus, jujube and ginseng makes people drool. Can have such attractive quality, its production process is naturally unique. More importantly, the tea factory organizes production in strict accordance with the national food hygiene standards and the "heap fermentation" process. On the basis of traditional technology, it uses a large number of modern testing equipment to control the cultivation of fungi, humidifying water, temperature control and turning time with the best data, thus ensuring the consistency of different batches of products.
What are the characteristics of tribute tea?
According to historical records, the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties had a special liking for the quality of Jinguagong tea, which was purchased by the imperial court every year, and it was designated as a royal item for the court, which was unavailable to the people. Up to now, the Palace Museum still treasures two pieces of golden melon tribute tea from Daoguang and Guangxu years, which has a history of 100 years, and is a national treasure. Now Jinguagong tea is the exclusive product of Fuhai Tea Factory. It has two specifications. One is a set of five products for collection and display, weighing14 kg; The other is a small melon-shaped tea for daily drinking and gift, weighing 200 grams. Its characteristics can be summarized as follows: the number of top-grade products is scarce, the processing is difficult, the cost is high, and the beauty of soup color and taste is beyond words. It is made of top-grade buds of trees, picked one by one after composting and fermentation, and then hand-made by skilled old tea people. The annual output of this kind of melon tea is extremely limited. Generally, only one kilogram of raw materials can be selected to make melons.
15. Why is Pu 'er tea particularly resistant to drinking?
The so-called bubble resistance means that the color and taste of tea soup have not changed much after repeated brewing. Pu 'er tea does last a long time. In fact, what we see is only the surface. Bubble resistance is because the substances contained in Pu 'er tea are at work. After hundreds of years of growth, the arbor Pu 'er tea tree has accumulated rich nutrients on its leaves and buds, which must be brewed many times before it can be released. This is why we think it is durable.
16. Is drinking Pu 'er tea addictive?
Most people who drink Pu 'er tea often say that drinking Pu 'er tea will be addictive, and it will be uncomfortable if they don't drink it for a day. Many people who have not been in contact with Pu 'er tea for a long time also said that they don't want to drink other teas after drinking Pu 'er tea. Is this because you are addicted to drinking Pu 'er tea? In fact, it is not addiction, but the attraction of the excellent quality of Pu 'er tea and its rich health care effects. Because of its unique growth environment and processing technology, Pu 'er tea contains more nutrients beneficial to human body than other teas. After these substances enter the body, they unconsciously repair and maintain human organs and bodies, making people feel refreshed and comfortable. At the same time, their beautiful soup color and smooth and sweet taste are also attractive.
Since tea was discovered and utilized by human beings, the most important thing is that it has many health care functions. Professor Lin Ganliang summarized the curative effects of tea as follows: sleeping less and calming the nerves, improving eyesight and refreshing brain, quenching thirst and promoting fluid production, clearing away heat and relieving summer-heat, detoxifying and promoting digestion, removing fat and greasy, lowering qi and diuresis, relaxing bowels and resolving phlegm, expelling wind and relieving exterior syndrome, strengthening teeth, treating heartache, treating sores and flaccidity, relieving hunger, benefiting qi and prolonging life. Scientific research shows that Pu 'er tea has the same function as other teas, and modern research proves that Pu 'er tea has more outstanding curative effects in the following aspects:
1, blood lipid, weight, blood pressure, anti-arteriosclerosis. Dr Emile Carobbi, clinical teaching director of Saint Antoine Medical College in Paris, France, used Yunnan Pu 'er tea to prove that "Yunnan Pu 'er tea has a good effect of reducing lipid content and cholesterol content". China Kunming Medical College also conducted 55 clinical trials on Yunnan Pu 'er Tuocha for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Compared with 3 1 case of Antoine, a drug with better lipid-lowering effect, Pu 'er tea is more effective than Antoine. Drinking Pu 'er tea for a long time can lower cholesterol and glyceride, so drinking Pu 'er tea for a long time can treat obesity. Drinking Pu 'er tea can cause vasodilation, blood pressure drop, heart rate slowdown, cerebral blood flow reduction and other physiological effects, so it has a good therapeutic effect on patients with hypertension and cerebral arteriosclerosis.
2. Anti-cancer. Professor Liang Mingda and Professor Hu Meiying have studied the anticancer effect of Pu 'er tea for more than ten years by cell culture and electron microscope. It is found that Pu 'er tea has the strongest anticancer effect, and even the concentration of ordinary people drinking tea is obvious. Drinking Pu 'er tea can prevent cancer.
3, nourish the stomach, protect the stomach. At a suitable concentration, drinking mild Pu 'er tea will not stimulate the stomach. Thick, sweet and mellow Pu 'er tea enters the human stomach and forms a thin film attached to the stomach surface, which produces a beneficial protective layer for the stomach. Drinking Pu 'er tea for a long time can nourish and protect the stomach.
4. Healthy teeth and tooth protection. Pu 'er tea contains a variety of physiologically active components, which has the function of sterilization and disinfection. Professor Cao Jin of Hunan Medical University used Pu 'er Tooth-strengthening Tea to test the ability of inhibiting the adhesion of Proteus, and found that Pu 'er Tooth-strengthening Tea had the effect of antibacterial plaque formation, and the best effect was obtained when the concentration was 65438 0%.
5, anti-inflammatory, sterilization, stop dysentery. Medical research and clinical experiments have proved that Yunnan Pu 'er tea has bacteriostatic effect, and strong tea juice can treat bacillary dysentery ten times a day, which is directly related to the rich tea polyphenols in Yunnan Daye tea.
6. Anti-aging. Catechins in tea have anti-aging effect. The total catechin content of Yunnan Daye tea is higher than that of other tea varieties, and its anti-aging effect is better than that of other teas. At the same time, during the processing of Pu 'er tea, macromolecular polysaccharides are transformed into a large number of new soluble monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, and vitamin C is multiplied. These substances play an important role in improving the function of human immune system, and have the effects of strengthening the body and prolonging life.