Knowledge of the Imperial Examination in Confucius Temple (composition about the Imperial Examination Museum in Nanjing Confucius Temple) 1. On the Composition of the Imperial Examination Museum in Nanjing Confucius Temple
Shaanxi Provincial Museum of History is the first batch of AAAA-level tourist attractions in China. There are various cultural relics from ancient society to Qing Dynasty in the museum, which fully reflects the 5,000-year history of civilization in China.
Because in order to enhance people's patriotism, the museum held a free visit. There are two long queues in front of the ticket window, each of which is at least 300 meters long. We waited for over an hour to get tickets. Dad said, "If it weren't for the hot weather today, there would be twice as many people waiting in line." It seems that people are really enthusiastic about visiting museums.
Entering the museum, not far from the entrance are some stone tools and bones from the Stone Age. Although the workmanship is a little rough from the perspective of modern people, it is very practical. Further on, there are ritual vessels and weapons in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Gold and silver jewelry, bows and arrows, swords and spears in various dynasties, cauldrons with a diameter of more than one meter ... all the way to blue and white porcelain in Qing Dynasty. There are many projects and rich contents.
Today, I visited the Shaanxi Provincial Museum of History, as if I had come from primitive times and walked through history. Now, I know the etiquette of each dynasty and the usage of some strange things. ...
At that time, people created groundbreaking works with their own wisdom and made great contributions to world civilization. In the new era, should we make greater contributions to world civilization? So we should study hard from now on and lay a solid foundation for making contributions to the world. Let's work together!
2. Is Confucius Temple the place where imperial examinations were held before?
Nanjing Confucius Temple is not exactly the place where imperial examinations were held before. It is located in Gong Yuan Street on the north bank of Qinhuai River, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, with Gong Yuan, a water town in the south of the Yangtze River in the west. It is the first national university in China and the four Confucian temples in China.
The whole building is the layout of the front hall and the back school. On the east side, the Confucius Temple, Gong Xue and Gong Yuan (the examination room for Jinshi) constitute three major cultural and educational ancient buildings. So hospitals in hiram are places for exams.
Confucius Temple was built in the third year of Sima Yan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (337). At that time, there was only Gong Xue, and there was no Confucius Temple. Confucius Temple was built in the first year of Jingyou (1034), expanding the Eastern Jin Academy. In addition, Gong Yuan, located in the east of Gong Xue, was built in Song Dynasty (1 168). Historically, the Confucius Temple experienced four ruins and five constructions, and the last one was destroyed by the artillery fire of the Japanese invaders in 1937, which was seriously damaged. The restoration and reconstruction began at 1984-9 185, and lasted for more than ten years. More than 20 ancient architectural complexes were restored: Dacheng Hall, Mingdetang, Zunjingge, Jiangnan, Wuyi Lane, Wang Xie's ancient house and Wu's former residence. It reproduces the landscape of Jiangnan city in Ming and Qing dynasties and the ancient Qinhuai River guild hall and river house.
3. What's the name of the place where Confucius Temple specially gave the ancient people exams?
Jiangnan Gongyuan, also known as Nanjing Gong Yuan and Jiankang Gong Yuan, is located in the east of Gong Xue of Confucius Temple in Qinhuai District, Nanjing. It is the largest and most influential imperial examination room in the history of China, a place for scholars in southern China to study, one of the three ancient buildings in the Confucius Temple area, and an important part of the Qinhuai scenic belt of Confucius Temple.
Jiangnan Gongyuan was founded in Song Dynasty (1 168) and reached its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, there were only 20,644 examination rooms, which could accept more than 20,000 candidates to take the examination at the same time, plus hundreds of ancillary buildings, covering an area of more than 300,000 square meters. It is the largest imperial examination room in ancient China, with a large scale and a wide area, ranking first in the palaces of China provinces.
4. Nanjing Confucius Temple
Confucius Temple is Confucius Temple. Confucius Temple is the common name of Confucius Temple. It was originally a place to worship Confucius.
Founded in Song Dynasty, it is located beside Gong Yuan Street on the north bank of Qinhuai River. The Confucius Temple, with the Qinhuai River in front of the temple as the Chi Pan and the stone brick wall on the south bank as the zhaobi, is 1 10 meters long and is the highest zhaobi in China.
There are Juxing Court and Lesige in front of the North Shore Temple. On the central axis, there are buildings such as Lingxingmen, Dachengmen, Dacheng Hall, Mingdetang and Zunjingge. In addition, there is Kuixing Pavilion in the east of the temple. Due to the requirements of the times, Confucius Temple has now become a place for mass cultural activities.
1985, the ancient buildings of Confucius Temple were restored, and the surrounding teahouses, restaurants, shops and other buildings were also transformed into Ming and Qing styles. The buildings of Confucius Temple, Gong Xue and Jiangnan Gongyuan are the essence of Qinhuai scenery.
Gong Yuan Street in Linjiang is an ancient tourist and cultural commercial street. At the same time, according to the temple fair pattern formed in history, the east market and the west market were rebuilt.
There are more than 200 kinds of traditional foods and snacks here. Every year, from the first day to the eighteenth day of the first lunar month, the Confucius Temple Lantern Festival is held here, which is very lively. The food culture of Confucius Temple has a long history, which can be traced back to the Six Dynasties, especially the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The food and snacks of various factions have different flavors.
Since the reform and opening up, we have excavated and sorted out scattered folk snacks, and made innovations on the basis of inheriting traditional characteristics, forming Qinhuai snacks represented by "Qinhuai Eight Musts". Snacks are provided in a lean way, mixed with meat and vegetables, interspersed with folk performances, with strong local characteristics and cultural atmosphere, which makes the catering process become a process of general cultural appreciation at the same time, reflecting the exquisite combination of catering and culture, and has long-term appeal to Chinese and foreign tourists.
At present, there are more than 200 kinds of flavored snacks, which have remarkable economic benefits and become an important pillar of the tourism economy of Confucius Temple and the local characteristic culture. In recent years, KFC, McDonald's and other western-style fast food have been introduced one after another, and some night market stalls have been reserved, forming a new dining pattern of combining Chinese and western food, high middle and low grade.
Today, Confucius Temple has become a famous "food center". The unique food street of Confucius Temple was built in 1997, with a total investment of10.50 billion yuan. Located at the southern end of Confucius Temple, it starts from Pingjiangfu Road in the east and ends at Laiyan Road in the west.
Different architectural shapes, high and low, small blue bricks and tiles, white walls and sloping houses, simple and elegant, integrated with the ancient buildings of Confucius Temple. The internal facilities are first-class and quite modern.
Both sides of antique granite pavement are inlaid with colored square bricks, diamond-shaped flower beds, winding corridors, garden-style squares and classical low street lamps, creating a warm and elegant atmosphere. There are a number of well-known catering and entertainment enterprises along the street, such as Yixian Flavor Xuan, Yixian Xuan Ming, Jinlingchun Restaurant, Confucius Temple Lekangcheng, Qinhuai Family and Egret Hotel. , which gathered exquisite products at home and abroad.
Combined with the construction of food street, the ancient residence of Wang Xie, which shows the culture of the Six Dynasties, was built, Wuyi Lane was restored, a new landscape area was formed, and the scenic area of Confucius Temple was expanded. Gong Xue, Gong Xue, is located in the north of the backstreet of Dacheng Hall, with the original "Southeast No.1 School" gate, including Mingdetang, Zunjing Pavilion, Qingyun Tower, Chongsheng Temple and other ancient buildings.
Mingde Hall is the main building in Gong Xue, where scholars in the imperial examination period come to attend lectures every month. All the learning palaces in China are called "Ming Lun Dian", while the learning palaces in Confucius Temple are called "Mingde Dian" alone. It is said that this is also the reason why Wen Tianxiang wrote the inscription "Mingde Dian" in Song Dynasty.
1986 during the maintenance of mingdetang, four lent houses of "knowing", "knowing virtue", "arbitrary" and "entertainment" were restored on both sides. Wuyi Lane Wuyi Lane is located dozens of meters southwest of Confucius Temple. This is a quiet and narrow alley. It used to be the former residence of Wang Dao and Xie An, famous figures in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
In the old days, Xie Zishan was dressed in black, hence the name. To commemorate Wang Dao and Xie An, Laiyan Hall was built on the east side of Wuyi Lane. The building is simple and elegant, and the portraits of Wang Dao and Xie An are hung in the hall, which has become a place to pay tribute to the famous officials in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and express their nostalgia.
Liu Yuxi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a well-known poem: "There are weeds beside Suzaku Bridge, and the sun sets at Wuyi Lane. Xie Tang, the old king, flew into the homes of ordinary people. " Here is a sigh.
Since then, Wuyi Lane has enjoyed a good reputation at home and abroad, and tourists are constantly coming. Jiangnan Gongyuan Exhibition Hall is the only professional museum in China that reflects the Chinese imperial examination system.
Jiangnan Palace Garden was built in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 168). At first, it occupied a small area. Later, it expanded continuously in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In its heyday, it ranked first in the national palace garden, and was also called "South Wai" and "North Wai" with Beijing Shuntian Palace Garden. Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, made Nanjing his capital and gathered after having obtained the provincial examination.
During the Yongle period, after moving the capital to Beijing, it was still used as the examination room for examinations in Ming and Qing provinces. In the Qing Dynasty alone, there were 1 12 subjects in scientific research, including 49 from Jiangsu and 9 from Anhui, accounting for 5 1.78% of the total number of top scholars in China.
Wu,,,, Weng Tonghe, Zhang Qian, Chen Duxiu, etc. The buildings of Ming and Qing dynasties all came from here. A number of precious cultural relics and historical materials left by the former Jiangnan Gongyuan are still preserved in the exhibition hall. There are 40 rooms in eight rows in the East Building, of which the East Building is the place where the "Simulated jiangnan province Test" is held. Chinese and foreign tourists can wear ancient costumes, enter the building to answer questions, and feel the pain and joy of the imperial examination.
More than 100 imperial examination relics and pictures were also exhibited in the exhibition hall, and TV films such as imperial examination procedures were shown in the video room. At present, Jiangnan Gongyuan Historical Exhibition Hall has become a place to study Chinese imperial examination system and an institution to collect historical materials of cultural relics, which has been highly praised by Chinese and foreign people.
The rebuilt Jiangnan Gongyuan Historical Exhibition Hall still retains important historical sites such as Mingyuan Building and Gong Yuan Inscription. Mingyuan Building, with three floors, is the center of Jiangnan Gongyuan and the tallest building.
The word "Mingyuan" comes from the meaning of "University Hall", and patriot Lin Zexu also invented the letter cannon and signal lamp system during his tenure as the temporary director of Jiangnan Gongyuan, which effectively ensured the order of the examination. Mingyuan Building is flanked by stone tablets, displaying provincial cultural relics. There are more than 20 inscriptions on Gongyuan in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which engrave the history of Gongyuan in the south of the Yangtze River, and are the historical testimony of Gongyuan's rise and fall.
Wu (170 1- 1754), whose real name was also called Wenmu Laoren and Qinhuai Ke in his later years, was a great satirist in China. In the 11th year of Yongzheng (1733), 33-year-old Wu left his hometown.
5. Introduction to Nanjing Confucius Temple
Nanjing Confucius Temple Confucius Temple is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a famous thinker and educator in ancient China.
As the ancient city of Qinhuai, Nanjing is famous at home and abroad, and it is a tourist attraction that domestic and foreign tourists yearn for. Confucius Temple was built in the first year of Jingyou (1034) and expanded from the Eastern Jin Academy.
This group of large-scale ancient buildings with oriental architectural characteristics has experienced vicissitudes and been abandoned several times. After reconstruction in the eighth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1869), it was destroyed during the Japanese invasion. After liberation, the party and people attached great importance to the protection of cultural relics and listed them as municipal cultural relics protection units.
The city has allocated funds for many years and carefully maintained it, making it a landmark building along the Qinhuai River. The buildings of Confucius Temple are full of Ming and Qing colors.
It takes Dacheng Hall as the center and forms a central axis from Zhaobi to the north and south of Weishan. The left and right buildings are symmetrically arranged, covering an area of about 26,300 square meters. Surrounded by high walls, there are gates and watchtowers.
Zhaobi on the south bank of Qinhuai River, built in the third year of Ming Wanli (1575), is tall and majestic, with a total length of 1 10 meter, which is the highest in China. Obviously different from the Confucius Temple all over the country, it takes Qinhuai and other natural rivers as Chi Pan.
The stone fence on the north bank of the pond was built in the ninth year of Ming Dynasty (15 14). The first door of the temple is Xingxingmen, which is a stone structure with six columns and three doors, with beautiful shape and peony relief patterns embedded in it.
When you enter Lingxing Gate, you will face Dacheng Gate. Confucius made a comprehensive work on the ancient culture of China, and this gate was named Dacheng.
Stone lions stand in front of the door, and the corner doors are opened left and right. There are four ancient monuments on both sides of the gate: Confucius' memorial tablet for seeking gifts, which is said to be a relic of the second year of Qi Yongming in the Southern Dynasty (484); Qing Ji Confucius Temple Monument was carved in the first year of Yuan Shunzhi (1330); The tablet of Saint was inscribed in the second year of Yuan Dynasty (1331); "Feng Bei" was engraved in the second year of Yuan Dynasty.
There are eight ginkgo trees planted in Dachengmen, and the ancient lights are symmetrical. A straight stone tunnel in the middle leads to Danyong in front of Dacheng Hall. This Danyong is a place where music and dance are held when offering sacrifices to Confucius. In the middle stands a bronze statue of Confucius, which is 4.18m high and weighs 2500kg. This is the largest bronze statue of Confucius in China. On the stone steps on both sides, there are white marble statues of twelve sages, such as Confucius disciples Yan Hui and Luz, each with a height of 1.80m, standing in different levels.
Towering and solemn Dacheng Hall, with double eaves and staggered arches, two-line play beads in the dragon kiss ridge, and three golden characters "Dacheng Hall" on the vertical plaque with double eaves and sea blue, written by Ji Pengfei. Dacheng Hall is the main hall of Confucius Temple, with a height of16.22m, a width of 28. 1 m and a depth of 21.7m..
The largest portrait of Confucius in China hangs in the center of the hall, with a height of 6.50m and a width of 3.15m. The furnishings in the hall imitate fifteen kinds of ancient musical instruments such as chimes and chimes 2,500 years ago, regularly play ancient songs and elegant music, and perform large-scale Ming Dynasty music and dances reflecting the ritual music of offering sacrifices to Confucius, so that the audience can hear the "music of bells and drums" and "the sound of the piano" in the Spring and Autumn Period, and show the style of another ancient music more than 2,000 years ago.
The main hall is surrounded by murals of Confucius' performance drawings, which have both form and spirit. There are two stele corridors around the temple, and the walls are inlaid with 30 inscriptions inscribed for Mo Bao by famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi, Shen Peng and Wu Zhongqi.
In the stele gallery, there is an exhibition of yuhua stone, which is known as "a must in China". Exhibitions of other historical relics and artworks are often held in Dacheng Hall to promote the long-standing culture of the Chinese nation.
It is not only a historical relic building, but also a museum that reflects Nanjing's local customs and promotes national culture. Since the reconstruction of 1984, it has received more than 600,000 tourists.
Here, there is Jinling Lantern Festival in spring; In summer, there are folk culture temple fairs and "Qinhuai Summer" cool parties; There are food festivals, cultural festivals, hole worship activities and chrysanthemum exhibitions in autumn. The ancient Dacheng Hall of Confucius Temple, as the central scenic spot of Qinhuai scenic belt, is welcoming visitors from all directions with a brand-new look and first-class service. As the core scenic spot of Confucius Temple, the majestic Dacheng Hall is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a famous thinker and educator in ancient China. Named after Confucius' comprehensive contribution to China's ancient culture, the layout is the front hall and the back learning palace.
In front of the ancient lion stand, there are corner doors on the left and right. In feudal times, only officials could enter and exit through the gate, and ordinary scholars could only enter and exit from the side.
As soon as I entered the gate, I saw a white marble tablet. On the front is the "Nanjing Confucius Temple" inscribed by a famous ancient calligrapher, and on the north is a detailed record of the reconstruction of the Confucius Temple. Entering the central temple, a straight stone tunnel leads to the cave in front of Dacheng Hall. In the center of the cave stands a bronze statue of Confucius, which is 4. 18 meters high and weighs 2.5 tons. This is the largest bronze statue of Confucius in China.
On both sides of the aisle, each white marble statue among Confucius disciples is 1.8 meters high and stands in different levels. There are two stone tablets around the temple, and the wall is inlaid with 30 original titles inscribed for Mo Bao by famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi and Wu Zhongqi. In the tablet, there is an exquisite Nanjing specialty, Yuhua Stone, which is known as "the first in China", colorful and beautifully shaped.
The majestic main hall of Dacheng Hall is 16.22 meters high, 28. 1 meter wide and 2 1.7 meters deep, with double eaves and staggered arches. In the center of the hall hangs the largest portrait of Confucius in China, 6.5 meters high and 3. 15 meters wide. There are white marble statues such as Yan Hui, Zeng Shen, Kong Ren and Monk on both sides, and 38 huge colored stone mosaic murals reflecting the life story of Confucius are displayed on the surrounding walls.
Go out from the back door of Dacheng Hall and enter the Gong Xue tourist area. In the imperial examination era, Gong Xue was the highest institution for students in this province to study. In order to educate scholars and gradually learn to follow the way of sages and saints, Gong Xue always worked with Confucius Temple.
As the center of ancient culture and education in Jiangsu, Gong Xue is located behind Dacheng Hall, with Mingdetang and Zunjingge as the main body, and the plaque of "Southeast First School" was inscribed by Qin Dashi, the champion of the late Qing Dynasty.
6. What is the history and culture of Confucius Temple?
Qinhuai River is the birthplace of ancient culture in Nanjing, with the inner Qinhuai River 4.
On both sides of the river, 2 kilometers long, it has been a place where aristocratic families live together since the Six Dynasties. Businessmen and scholars gathered and Confucianism flourished, which is known as the "gold powder of the Six Dynasties". Confucius Temple, located on the Qinhuai River in Nanjing, was built in the third year of Sima Yan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (337). According to Wang Dao's theory that "training talents is the key to governing the country", Imperial College was established on the south bank of Qinhuai River.
At that time, there was only Gong Xue, and there was no Confucius Temple. [5] The Confucius Temple was expanded in the first year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (1034).
Because it is dedicated to Confucius, it is also called Confucius Temple. The purpose of building the Confucius Temple in front of Gong Xue is to hope that the literati will take the road of sages and receive feudal education.
From the Six Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the prosperous scene and unique features of Shili Qinhuai were eulogized by literati in previous dynasties. Confucius Temple, located on the north bank of Qinhuai River, was originally a place for offering sacrifices to Confucius. It was built in the first year of Song Jingyiu (1034) and expanded from the former site of Gong Xue in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
[6] During the Jian Yan period in the Southern Song Dynasty, it was burned by soldiers. Shaoxing was rebuilt in the ninth year (1 139), and it was called Jiankang Fu Xue.
The Yuan Dynasty was changed to Qing Ji Daoism. In the early Ming Dynasty, it was a national school, merged with Shangyuan and Jiangning County schools, and later became Yingtianfu School.
In the Qing Dynasty, Fu Xue moved to the former site of imperial academy in the Ming Dynasty in the north of the city and became a school in Jiangning and Shangyuan counties. Confucius Temple Square overlooks Confucius Temple Square and the Confucian school moved to imperial academy in the early Qing Dynasty, so the original Confucian school was changed to county schools in Shangyuan and Jiangning counties.
In the eighth year of Xianfeng (1869), it was destroyed by fire again and rebuilt. 1937 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression was burnt down by the Japanese army, with serious damage.
1984, after scientific argumentation and planning by relevant experts, the people of the city and district allocated special funds for the protection of the cultural heritage of the ancient capital, and carefully maintained and rebuilt it for several years. It starts from Taoyedu in the east and ends at Zhonghua Gate 1 in the west.
On both sides of the 8-kilometer-long Qinhuai River, a number of cultural relics and tourist attractions have been restored, and a river pavilion, river house, karaoke hall and dance hall with local traditional characteristics have been built, as well as numerous bookstores, snack bars, teahouses and restaurants in commercial streets. Qinhuai painting boats that have been extinct for many years have also been restored on the river. [7] 1985, the ancient buildings of Confucius Temple were restored, and the surrounding buildings such as tea shops, restaurants and shops were also transformed into Ming and Qing styles. The Confucius Temple complex consisting of Confucius Temple, Gong Xue and Jiangnan Palace Garden is the essence of Qinhuai scenery.
Gong Yuan Street in Linjiang is an ancient tourist and cultural commercial street. At the same time, according to the temple fair pattern formed in history, the east market and the west market were rebuilt.
Traditional food and local snacks are served here.
Confucius Temple Lantern Festival is held every year from the first day of the first month to the eighteenth. After more than ten years' efforts, it has invested more than 10 billion yuan to restore and build more than 20 ancient buildings of more than 300,000 square meters, such as Dacheng Hall, Mingdetang, Zunjing Pavilion, Jiangnan, Wuyi Lane, Wang Xie's ancient residence and Wu's former residence. Pavilions, terraces, buildings, pavilions and halls are scattered in layers, which reproduce the landscape of the towns in the south of the Yangtze River and the ancient Qinhuai River guild halls and houses in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
It has formed a number of unique market groups such as small commodities, antique calligraphy and painting, flowers, birds, fish and insects, and has become one of the commercial centers in Nanjing. 199 1 was rated as "Top 40 National Tourist Attractions" and became a famous tourist attraction, cultural corridor, food center and shopping paradise at home and abroad.
7. Who can tell me something about the history of Jiangnan Palace Garden in Confucius Temple?
Jiangnan Gongyuan is located on the Qinhuai River in the south of Nanjing, adjacent to the Confucius Temple. It was the largest imperial examination room in ancient China.
Historical Jiangnan Palace Garden was built in Xiaozong Road in the Southern Song Dynasty for four years (A.D. 1 168). In the Ming Dynasty, Nanjing, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces were the capitals, and provincial and national examinations were held. After moving the capital to Beijing, Nanjing stayed as the capital and as the imperial examination room.
In the early Qing Dynasty, Nanjing was the capital of jiangnan province, so Gong Yuan always used the name "Jiangnan Gongyuan". There are two walls around the Palace Garden in the south of the Yangtze River, which are covered with thorns to prevent cheating, so the world also calls Gong Yuan "the thorn enclosure".
Jiangnan Gongyuan once occupied an area of about 300,000 square meters, starting from Yao Jia Lane in the east, west to Gong Yuan West Street, south to Qinhuai River and north to Jiankang Road. It is one of the main buildings in the area of Confucius Temple, and Qinhuai River once flourished because of the existence of Gong Yuan and Confucius Temple. After that, there is only a quadrangle-style building, which is only used as a museum to show the prosperity at that time, and there is also a grand architectural model to perceive the prosperity of Gong Yuan.
Zheng Banqiao, Wu,,, Weng Tonghe, Li Hongzhang, and Zhang Qian, the last champion of China, are not included. In Qing dynasty, scientific research was held in 1 12; Among them, 49 are from Jiangsu and 9 are from Anhui, accounting for 58, accounting for 5 1 of the total number of top scholars in China.
78%。 Jiangnan Gongyuan, located in the southeast corner of Nanjing, is an ancient "geomantic treasure house", with Taoyedu in the east, Qinhuai River in the south, champion land in the west and Jiankang Road in the north.
According to the Story of the South Window, Jiankang (Nanjing) was founded in the fourth year of Xiaozong Road in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 168) by Zhifu Stone. At first, it was the test center of county politics. The area is not large, and there are not many candidates.
If the number of candidates increases, the monk temple will be used to hold the exam. In A.D. 1368, after Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, made Nanjing his capital, he held the provincial and national examinations in Nanjing.
In the 19th year of Yongle (142 1), Judy moved to Beijing and Nanjing remained the capital. Due to the rich cultural resources in Jiangnan, there are more and more reference scholars, and the original examination room is getting smaller and smaller.
Emperor Yongle confiscated the residence of Ji Gang, the minister of crime, and rebuilt the "Jiangnan Gongyuan" with the houses of Jia, Bo and others, as well as the satrap Huang Gong Yongyuan Temple and his son North Temple. After the continuous expansion in Ming and Qing Dynasties, by the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, Jiangnan Gongyuan had formed an official residence with 20,644 examination rooms, as well as more than 1000 official rooms for examiners, inspectors, deacons and other officials, plus rooms for meals, warehouses, handymen and guards. And more land to build pools, gardens, bridges, passages and watchtowers.