China Newswire Client Beijing, July 1 (Xinhua) today, known as the "history of the most stringent" garbage classification measures of the "Shanghai municipal household garbage management regulations" formally implemented, according to the provisions of the individual or unit is not in accordance with the provisions of the classification of garbage will face penalties. At the same time, many parts of the country have entered the "mandatory era" of waste classification.
File photo: In June 2019, young volunteers participate in an "environmental protection run" in Shanghai to publicize knowledge of garbage classification. Shen Hai photo
Shanghai: Huge fines may be levied if garbage classification is not in place
Before the implementation of the Shanghai Municipal Domestic Waste Management Regulations, Shanghai's main legal bases for the management of domestic garbage classification include the Shanghai Municipal Cityscape and Environmental Sanitation Regulations, Shanghai Municipal Municipal Domestic Waste Collection, Transportation and Disposal Measures, and the Shanghai Measures for Promoting Domestic Waste Classification and Reducing Quantity of Waste. Measures for Promoting the Classification and Reduction of Domestic Waste in Shanghai" and so on.
But the difference with the above laws and regulations is that the implementation of the "Regulations", not only to achieve the management of the area, the management of the object of full coverage, but also increase the punishment, and therefore also known as "the most stringent".
According to the "Regulations", the Shanghai municipal household garbage according to recyclables, hazardous waste, wet garbage, dry garbage is divided into four categories. Individuals or organizations that fail to categorize garbage according to the regulations will face penalties.
In addition to a fine of more than 50 yuan and less than 200 yuan for individual mixing and dropping, the Regulations stipulate a fine of up to 50,000 yuan for units that fail to categorize garbage according to regulations.
The domestic garbage collection units, disposal units do not comply with the corresponding norms, respectively, the provisions of the maximum fine of 100,000 yuan, 500,000 yuan, the circumstances are serious revocation of the unit's business service license. In addition, the "Regulations" also establishes a system of punishment for breach of trust.
In addition, the "Regulations" also specifically proposed to "promote the reduction of the source". It clearly stipulates that food service providers and food distribution service providers shall not take the initiative to provide consumers with disposable chopsticks, spoons and other tableware. Hotel operators shall not take the initiative to provide consumers with disposable daily necessities in guest rooms.
Multiple places have introduced laws and regulations to penalize "mixed garbage"
The implementation of the Shanghai Municipal Household Waste Management Regulations has also allowed the public to once again focus their attention on the problem of urban household waste pollution.
In fact, the mega-cities to carry out the classification of domestic waste course, can be traced back to 2000 began in the country's eight cities to carry out the classification of domestic waste collection pilot work. 8 cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen are listed.
In recent years, local versions of regulations and laws have also been introduced.
For example, the Beijing Municipal Domestic Waste Management Regulations came into effect as early as March 2012, clarifying the responsibilities and penalties for government departments, property owners and other people responsible for management, collection and disposal units, and waste-generating units.
On July 1, 2018, the Guangzhou Municipal Regulations on the Management of Classification of Domestic Waste came into force, which stipulates the legal responsibility of individuals who fail to classify and put domestic waste into designated collection points or collection containers as stipulated, and will be ordered to make corrections by the comprehensive law enforcement authorities of urban management and fined up to two hundred yuan.
The "Xiamen Special Economic Zone Management Measures for Classification of Domestic Waste" has been implemented since September 10, 2017, and it clearly stipulates that units will be fined up to 50,000 yuan for randomly abandoning, dumping, or piling up domestic garbage, and individuals will also face fines of up to 1,000 yuan; while individuals will be fined up to 500 yuan for failing to classify and put away domestic garbage. For repeated violations of the units and individuals penalized, will be included in the law enforcement "blacklist" system, as a key law enforcement supervision object.
In Shenzhen, "Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, the classification of household garbage put regulations (draft)" has been completed to the community for comment, the legislative work is in full swing. Among them, the floor to withdraw barrels, personal failure to separate household garbage fines increased by 10 times and other provisions, triggered heated debate.
Some media analysts say that big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou have entered the "mandatory era" of garbage classification.
Strengthening law enforcement: Shanghai residents to take video as evidence
With the introduction of laws and regulations, how to put them into practice, has become a major concern of the public.
The reporter noted that many cities have begun to strengthen the law enforcement supervision, so that the law is no longer only "lying on paper".
For example, in August 2018, a Guangzhou citizen was fined 200 yuan by the city's urban management and law enforcement departments for not separating and placing bulky garbage, making him the first individual in Guangzhou to be penalized for violating the ordinance.
In Shanghai, in order to ensure the implementation of the Shanghai Municipal Household Waste Management Regulations, Shanghai has established a two-way supervision mechanism of "no classification, no collection and transportation, no classification, no disposal", and basically built a full informationization supervision platform covering classified transportation, classified transfer to the end of the disposal.
In addition, Shanghai's garbage classification law enforcement and inspection efforts have also been unprecedentedly strengthened, January 1 to June 25 this year, the city's urban management law enforcement departments *** to carry out law enforcement inspections more than 13,900 times, according to the law to investigate and deal with violations of the case of 1,224, education and discouragement of 13,739 person-times, supervise and rectify 7,822 cases.
The Shanghai Urban Management and Law Enforcement Bureau (SMUMA) said that in addition to inspections, "photos or videos taken by surveillance probes, residents and volunteers" can also be used as evidence after review.
This year, cities at the prefecture level and above across the country fully launched the classification of household garbage
In recent years, China is accelerating the implementation of a garbage classification system at the national level.
In March 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the Ministry of Housing and Construction (MOH&C) issued the Implementation Plan for the Domestic Waste Classification System, which calls for the first implementation of mandatory classification of domestic waste in 46 cities across the country.
The 46 cities include: Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Taiyuan, Hohhot, Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin, Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Hefei, Tongling, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Nanchang, Yichun, Zhengzhou, Jinan, Tai'an, Qingdao, Wuhan, Yichang, Changsha, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nannin, Haikou, Chengdu, Guangyuan, Deyang, Guiyang, Kunming, Lhasa, Shigatse, Xi'an, Xianyang, Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan, Urumqi.
In June 2019, nine departments, including the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, jointly issued the Notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and Other Departments on Comprehensively Carrying Out Classification of Domestic Waste in Cities of Prefecture-Level and Above Across the Country.
The Circular puts forward the decision to comprehensively launch the work of domestic garbage classification in cities of prefectural level and above across the country since 2019, and by the end of 2020, 46 key cities will have basically built a garbage classification and treatment system, and by 2025, cities of prefectural level and above across the country will have basically built a domestic garbage classification and treatment system.
Meanwhile, China has also made progress in garbage classification.
A household survey of 46 key cities conducted by a group of the Development Research Center of the State Council (DRC) in 2018 showed that 38.3 percent of households classified household garbage, an increase of 11.4 percent from 2017.
Data from the Ministry of Housing and Construction shows that so far, 134 central units and provincial organs have fully implemented the classification of domestic garbage; 46 key cities have been equipped with nearly 5,000 food waste classification vehicles and nearly 1,000 hazardous waste classification vehicles.
In addition, in 2019, 46 key cities will plan to invest 21.3 billion yuan to continue to accelerate the construction of treatment facilities to meet the demand for classified domestic waste treatment.
(Reporter Zhang Ni)