"is like a spring gale, come up in the night, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees." It seems that the spring breeze blows overnight, and the trees are like pear blossoms.

These two poems are from a Song of White Snow in Farewell to Field-Clerk Wu Going Home written by Cen Can, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Cen Can handed them over to the North Court in the summer and autumn of Tianbao 13th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 754, Tianbao 13th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), and Tang Suzong returned to the East at the turn of spring and summer (AD 757). The 13th year of Tianbao was Cen Can's second trip to the frontier, and he served as the judge of Feng Changqing, the envoy of the Northwest Court, and the judge of Wu was his predecessor. The poet wrote this poem by sending him back to Beijing (Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty) on the platform.

The original text of the whole poem is as follows:

the north wind rolls the white grasses and breaks them, and the Eighth-month snow across the Tartar sky.

is like a spring gale, come up in the night, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees.

it enters the pearl blinds, it wets the silk curtains, a fur coat feels cold, a cotton mat flimsy.

bows become rigid, can hardly be drawn, it's hard to protect your iron clothes.

the sand-sea deepens with fathomless ice, the gloom is bleak and Wan Li is condensed.

but we drink to our guest bound home from camp, and play him barbarian lutes, guitars, harps.

till at dusk, when the drifts are crushing our tents, and our frozen red flags cannot flutter in the wind.

we watch him through Wheel-Tower Gate going eastward, into the snow-mounds of Heaven-Peak Road.

and then he disappears at the turn of the pass, leaving behind him only hoof-prints.

what does the whole poem mean? Translate it into vernacular Chinese as follows:

The north wind swept across the earth and broke the white grass, and heavy snow fell in the sky of Saibei in August.

It seems that the spring breeze blows overnight, and the trees are like pear blossoms.

Snowflakes fly into the bead curtain and wet the curtain, so it's too thin to cover the fox fur without warmth.

General, the soldiers are too cold to draw their bows and put on their armor.

The boundless desert is covered with thick ice, and the sky in Wan Li is filled with gloomy clouds.

wine is placed in the commander's account as a farewell party for returning guests, and the Huqin, Pipa and Qiangdi are played together to entertain.

In the evening, the heavy snow kept falling in front of Yuanmen, and the red flag froze and the wind could not pull it.

See you off to Beijing outside the east gate of Luntai. When you go, Tianshan Road is covered with snow.

You have disappeared from the winding mountain road, leaving only a line of horseshoe marks on the snow.

There are some words in it, and I think it is necessary to explain them separately, so as to better understand the meaning of this poem:

Judge Wu: The name is unknown. Judge, official name. Ambassadors sent by the imperial court, such as our envoy in the Tang Dynasty, can appoint aides to assist in judging official affairs, and they are called judges, which are subordinates of our envoy and observation envoy.

white grass: the name of pasture in the western regions, which turns white in autumn.

Hu Tian: refers to the sky in the north of Saibei. Hu, the general name of the ancient Han nationality for the northern nationalities.

pear: it blooms in spring and the flowers are white. The metaphor here is that snowflakes accumulate on branches, like pear blossoms.

bead curtain: a curtain made of pearls or decorated with pearls. Describe the beauty of the curtain Luomu: A tent made of silk. Describe the beauty of the tabernacle. Snowflakes fly into the bead curtain and wet the curtain. "Pearl curtain" and "Luo curtain" all belong to beautification.

fox fur (qiú): a fox fur robe.

brocade quilt (q Ρ n): a quilt made of brocade.

brocade quilt is thin (bó): the silk quilt (because of the cold) looks thin. Describe the cold weather.

Angle bow: a hard bow with horns at both ends, and one is a "carved bow". Uncontrollable: (It's too cold to freeze) Can't open (the bow). Control: pull open.

du (dū) Hu: the chief officer guarding the border town is a general term, which is intertextual with the "general" mentioned above.

iron clothes: armor.

difficult (zhuó): one is "still writing". Writing: also writing "writing".

Han sea: desert. Dry: criss-crossing appearance.

baizhang: one is "baizhang" and the other is "thousands of feet".

bleak: dim and dull.

Zhongjun: it is called the commander or the headquarters. In ancient times, the army was divided into three armies: the central, the left and the right, and the central army was the camp of the commander in chief.

returning guests after drinking: those who return to Beijing after feasting refer to military judges. Drink, verb, feast.

Huqin pipa and Qiang (qiāng) flute: Huqin and others were musical instruments of the brotherly peoples in the western regions at that time.

Qiang flute: a wind instrument of the Qiang nationality.

Yuanmen: the gate of the military camp. The ancient army camped, surrounded by cars, and the shafts of two cars stood opposite each other at the entrance and exit, like doors. This refers to the outer door of Shuai yamen.

wind switch (chè): the red flag is frozen due to snow, and the wind can't blow. Switch: pull, pull.

frozen: the flag is blown in one direction by the wind, giving people the feeling of freezing.

Luntai: Luntai in Tang Dynasty is located in Miquan County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and it is not the same place as Luntai in Han Dynasty.

full: full. Adjectives are used flexibly as verbs.

the mountain turns around: the mountain turns around and the road twists and turns.

This poem is the representative work of Cen Can's frontier poems, which was written during his second frontier expedition. At this time, he was highly valued by Feng Changqing, Anxi's time, and most of his frontier poems were written in this period.

this poem describes the magnificent scenery of the snow in August in the western regions, expresses the feelings of seeing guests off beyond the Great Wall and seeing them off in the snow, and expresses sadness and homesickness, but it is full of strange ideas and does not make people feel sad. The romantic ideal and strong feelings expressed in the poem make people feel that the snow outside the Great Wall has become an object to ponder and appreciate. The whole poem is rich and broad in connotation, magnificent and romantic in color, magnificent in momentum, distinctive and unique in artistic conception, and has a strong artistic appeal, which can be called the masterpiece of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Among them, "is like a spring gale, come up in the night, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" and other poems have become famous sentences that have been passed down through the ages.

The whole poem takes the change of the snow scene in a day as a clue, and describes the process of farewell to the envoys in Beijing, with an open mind and careful structure. * * * is divided into three parts.

The first four sentences are the first part, describing the wonderful snow scene you saw when you got up in the morning and the sudden cold you felt. The snow hanging on the branches turned into a pear blossom in the eyes of the poet, which came with the beautiful spring. The first four sentences mainly write about the beauty of the scenery. Words such as "namely" and "suddenly like" vividly and accurately show the situation when you suddenly see the snow scene in the morning. After a night, the earth was wrapped in silver and completely new. Then the line of sight gradually turned from outside the account to inside the account. Flying snow entered the bead curtain and wet the army account. The poet chooses daily activities such as living, sleeping, dressing and bowing to express the cold, just as it is appropriate to choose to watch the snow in the morning to express the strangeness. Although the weather is cold, the soldiers have no complaints. Moreover, it is "uncontrollable", and it will be trained in cold weather, and it is still training with a bow. Writing cold on the surface is actually using cold to contrast the inner heat of soldiers, and it also shows the optimistic and passionate fighting mood of soldiers. Writing cold through people's feelings is concrete and realistic, and does not become an abstract concept. The poet relishes the strange cold, which makes people feel that it is fresh and interesting. This is another expression of the poet's "curious" personality.

The middle two sentences are the second part, describing the grandeur of the snow scene during the day and the grand occasion of the farewell banquet. "the sand-sea deepens with fathomless ice, the gloomy clouds are bleak and Wan Li is condensed", with romantic exaggeration, draws a magnificent and magnificent snow scene in Sasai, which contrasts the happy scenes below and reflects the positive significance of soldiers' singing and dancing. "but we drink to our guest bound home from camp, and play him barbarian lutes, guitars, harps", juxtaposing three musical instruments without writing the music itself, is rather clumsy, but it can still indirectly convey a scene of worrying about complicated strings and the meaning of "always closing the mountains and leaving the old feelings behind". In the commander's Chinese army, a banquet was held, and all kinds of musical instruments were brought in with all their money, singing and dancing, and drinking heartily. The banquet lasted until dusk. The first part of the inner enthusiasm, generate poured out here, reached the climax of joy.

the last three sentences are the third part, writing to bid farewell to friends in the evening and set foot on their way home. "till at dusk, when the drifts are crushing our tents, and our frozen red flags cannot flutter in the wind", the returning guests stepped out of the tent in the dusk against the falling snow, and the bright flags frozen in the air looked gorgeous in the snow. The image of the flag unshakable and unyielding in the cold wind is a symbol of soldiers. These two sentences are moving and quiet, setting off each other, with vivid pictures and bright colors. "we watch him through Wheel-Tower Gate going eastward, into the snow-mounds of Heaven-Peak Road", though reluctant to part, is the time to break up after all. "and then he disappears at the turn of the pass, leaving behind him only hoof-prints" expresses the sincere feelings of the soldiers to their comrades in arms with plain and plain language, with vivid words and subtle meanings. This part describes the feelings of farewell to friends.

this poem accurately, vividly and vividly creates a beautiful artistic conception that is surprisingly beautiful and strange in beauty, with its colorful snow scene, vertical and horizontal vigorous brushwork, freely opening and closing structure and cadence. It is not only well-written and relaxed, but also a rare masterpiece of frontier fortress. The whole poem is constantly changing the picture of snow, turning the scene into emotion, generous and tragic, and full of vigor. It expresses the poet's feelings of farewell to his friends and the melancholy caused by his friends' return to Beijing.