I have seen a lot of questions about how to deepen the study of construction drawings. Here I would like to talk about my own ideas-first of all, of course-I am a novice, and I will encounter many problems in specific work. If there are any mistakes in the following, please be merciful to experienced students. I just want to talk about my own ideas.

welcome to correct me, but I don't want to see abuse!

it is undeniable that the construction drawing is a very important link, so important that it is impossible to construct without it, because the construction drawing is the standard and basis of construction.

in theory, all construction contents should be carried out according to the drawings, including all plates, profiles, surface coating, etc. should be carried out according to the contents marked in the construction drawing; Similarly, the internal structure should be carried out according to the construction drawing. Only in this way, if there is any dispute in the future, the construction content and method can be checked according to the drawings. But since then, many new designers don't know how to draw construction drawings.

Let me talk about my learning method of construction drawings:

As most people say-if possible, you must go to the construction site-some designers may ask, what are you going to the construction site for? How to learn the construction drawing in the construction site?

My practice is to take a notebook, a pen and a tape measure with me every time I go to the construction site. After I arrive at the construction site, I will measure the specifications of some materials, and then draw the materials in your notebook with a flat, split and vertical drawing method, and mark the corresponding size values you measured. For example, the specifications of some angle irons, aluminum profiles, stainless steel profiles, joists, wooden joists, I-beams, etc., because these materials are generally common and often used, and most of them are similar types of materials used in many projects. If you write it down several times on the construction sites with different construction contents, you will almost have a 788 for different types and specifications of these materials ...

There is another one. Spacing of self-tapping screws (including specifications of self-tapping screws) on plasterboard (plywood, blockboard and calcium silicate board) of light steel keel partition wall; The spacing of suspenders of light steel keel ceiling, the specifications of suspenders, the specifications of pull blasting (as it is called in Guangdong), etc.-simply draw the plan, section and elevation, and then mark the corresponding size values, because some drawings need to be marked in detail-for example, when marking the section of light steel keel ceiling, it needs to be marked completely-"(diameter symbol) 8mm suspenders @811x811mm", Such labeling means that the horizontal and vertical spacing of suspenders with a diameter of 8mm is 811mm (the length of suspenders has been reflected on your profile drawings)-when many projects are settled and audited, they are determined by the contents marked on your drawings. No one from Party A (the owner and the auditing unit) will go to the site to measure you (not to mention the ceiling has been sealed). If you mark your drawings, the other party will settle them for you, but you don't mark them. The other party won't give you settlement or settle less. In order not to suffer from YaBaKui, it is necessary to clearly mark it on the drawings. If it is abnormal-even the number of nails must be calculated. For example, a self-tapping screw can be drawn on the section of the light steel keel partition wall and marked with "35mm (the official model and specification of the self-tapping screw you bought can also be written here). Why do you write this? It's because phosphating self-tapping screws are used in many projects now, which reduces the process of painting anti-rust paint and reduces the project cost. However, if you don't specifically mark phosphating, the other party may settle the account for you according to ordinary self-tapping screws. Although it seems insignificant for the self-tapping screws alone, what we are saying is that the construction drawing should be marked with such materials, because this is the basis for settlement.

The biggest headache for beginners is that there are so many specifications of materials and profiles, and it is not clear when to use which specifications. For example, what type of suspender should be used for light steel keel ceiling and what specifications of expansion bolts should be used? How thick gypsum board (calcium silicate board, splint) should be used for the ceiling? What type of light steel keel is used for the partition wall? You can look at these things on the spot and keep them in mind. If you really don't understand anything, you can ask the corresponding construction master. There is nothing shameful about this, but after asking, you should keep them in mind, and you can understand how to mark them on the drawings next time.

you should remember from beginning to end that it is you (or your drawings) who are guiding the construction of the master worker, not the master worker! Really do it, the master worker knows, you know everything, and you have to understand what the master worker doesn't understand, because you are a designer. A real designer can't let the workers lead by the nose-you should clearly tell the workers with drawings that this is what I do, so don't whine to me; This requires you to be familiar with the modeling structure of the object, and draw this structure, and all the dimensions should be marked out, so as to avoid the workers from making trouble-sometimes I feel so sad to see some workers on the construction site say that the designer can't do it here and there, but the designer is clearly beside me and dare not speak.

In fact, it is not difficult to do these things well. You can master them quickly by reading more, thinking more and remembering more.

It is true that some designers can't leave because of many design tasks at hand, or some designers feel that the construction site is too dirty, too tired and too bitter; Including the poor working environment and living environment, and do not want to go to the construction site, then what should these designers do to learn the construction drawings better and faster?

here's what I do-I look for the construction drawings of some big companies (such as Shenzhen Hong Tao (the drawings of this company are rare), Suzhou Golden Mantis and other super-class domestic engineering companies, including some big foreign companies) (I'm talking about formal construction drawings here, and it would be better if they are finished drawings) or those super thugs of construction drawings (such as the dust of gunmen, etc., there are many experts in this forum, so I won't mention them one by one). Look at how people draw. When I say look here, I don't mean look in general, but you really calm down and look at it. So what do you look at when you look at the drawings of these companies? My understanding is this ...

1. From the design point of view: look at the plane planning of the drawings. Needless to say, the importance of plane planning-many times, the company we are in is too small, and it may be difficult to get in touch with some big projects or projects with special requirements (such as banks and supermarkets, etc.). At this time, we can purposefully find some design drawings to see how others plan, or what should be in such a space, and make corresponding records as reading notes and digest them as much as possible. In this way, when we have the opportunity to meet similar projects, we can understand what should be there when designing! What should I do!

There are also some special industries or special structures to learn-such as the specifications and structure of bullet-proof glass for bank business windows; The structure of large-area glass ceiling; Structure of large-area glass platform; ..... and so on, make these structures clear, and then if you really run into them, you can be confident.

2. From the perspective of drawing construction drawings: for a complete large-scale project, almost all structural types are involved. Some formal construction drawings of large companies have made corresponding structural sections for each surface that should be cut, so we should carefully look at how others' sections are drawn and how materials are marked; If conditions permit, you can print it out and draw it again by yourself-to be honest, if you draw a lot of things once, you will remember them and know how to draw them, which may be more useful than watching them many times.

don't you know what model and specification to use for some materials? Now, by copying other people's construction drawings, you can know where to use the wood square, the keel, the angle iron, the thick plate and the latex paint several times, etc. All these things are understood. If you can take notes, you can be sure to do it next time-in fact, the most basic structure of many things is the same, but the practice is different, and you can learn the basics, and the rest can be modified on this basis.

The most taboo thing is to copy the node details on other people's drawings directly into your drawings and try them out. This has many disadvantages, for example, you still don't understand what is going on. For example, the size of the node detail you copied is different from that on your drawing, so it is troublesome for you to change it; For example, you don't even know the printing scale of his original node drawings, but now you copy them to your drawings and modify them. The more you modify them, the more wrong they get. Obviously, the printing scale is 1: 3, and it's your turn to mark them, so it may be marked as 1: 11.

The company is small, with few contact projects, and the corresponding design materials are relatively simple, so you can also look at other people's material labeling through the drawings of these big companies-are there any materials or processes that you have never heard of, and make a note, which may be used next time.