introduction to Dong Xiaowan: Dong Xiaowan (1624? 1651), Ming Bai,No. Qinglian, was born in Suzhou, Jiangsu. Geisha? Qinhuai Bayan? One of them is a famous musician from Nanjing Jiaofang Division. In 1639, Dong Xiaowan met the celebrities of Fu She Society and ventured across the border. After the death of Ming Dynasty, Xiaowan fled with her family, and after that, she shared joys and sorrows with Pibijiang until her death. Dong Xiaowan (1624? 1651), the name is Bai, the word Xiaowan, and the word violet, from Suzhou, Jiangsu. Because parents divorced and lived in poverty, they fell into a brothel. At the age of 16, she was already famous, equal to Liu Rushi, Chen Yuanyuan and Li Xiangjun? Qinhuai Bayan? . In 1639, Maoxiang and Xiaowan, who came last after having obtained the provincial examination, occasionally met in Suzhou Bantang. She fell in love with Maoxiang at first sight, and even said:? Alien! Alien! ? Although she expressed her admiration to Mao Xiang many times, she didn't get his approval. Because Maoxiang has long been interested in Chen Yuanyuan, a famous prostitute in Wumen, and in 1641? Make a marriage contract? . The following year, Mao Xiang passed through Suzhou for the sixth time, and when he revisited Chen Yuanyuan, it was empty, and he was depressed to the extreme. In the winter of this year, under the mediation of Liu Rushi, Qian Qianyi came forward to redeem Xiaowan, and then hired a boat from Bantang to Rugao. The following spring, Mao Dong became a couple. Xiaowan is talented, good at poetry and painting, and especially good at playing the piano. The guqin in today's Shuiming Building is what she was concerned about. Dong Xiaowan is very quiet. Every time she goes to Lin Yuan Valley, she is attached to it. Because she hates noise and extravagance, she has lived alone in Suzhou Bantang for six years. Xiaowan is fascinated by mountains and rivers. Against the backdrop of the charming scenery, she is also prone to surge of tenderness, and sincerely gives people a charming smile. Therefore, she was invited again and again. How did Dong Xiaowan die? When, where and why did this generation of famous prostitutes and gone with the wind die? So far, there are different opinions, and no one can agree. In 1985, The Mystery of Chinese Culture published by Shanghai Xuelin Publishing House was listed as a major historical unsolved case. In the 1991 edition of Ci Hai, it only said:? When the Qing soldiers went south, (Dong Xiaowan and Maobijiang) moved from chaos for nine years, and then died of overwork? There is no detailed explanation. Zhou * * *, a writer of literature and history, published a novella historical romance and a literary and historical exploration of The Mystery of Dong Xiaowan's Death in Popular Literature and Art in 1992 and China Enterprise Political Work Information in 1994, collecting various legends for textual research and screening, and uncovering the mystery. I now extract the following for readers. 1. Bloody Weiyang: At the beginning of 1645, the Qing army took advantage of the infighting of Nanming to invade the south on a large scale. On April 8, Dolgun arrived at the gate of Yangzhou, and Shi Kefa, the commander of Nanming, led the soldiers and civilians in the city to fight the enemy for seven days and nights. During this period, Dong Xiaowan was entrusted by the venture to rush to Yangzhou from Rugao, Taizhou, and ran on the wall of the four gates to distribute the crisp candy she had made to the soldiers of Nanming. But in the end, because of being outnumbered, the city was broken on 25th, and a generation of national hero Shi Kefa was heroically martyred, and Dong Xiaowan also committed suicide and refused to humiliate himself, spilling blood on Qiongcheng. Later, in memory of Xiaowan, Yangzhou people named her crisp candy? Dong Tang? , and its appearance will be wrapped in red paper to show Xiaowan's game-writing protocol and General Shi's red heart, so far? Dong Tang? It is still a traditional famous spot in Weiyang area. 2. Hong Chengchou, the former governor of Jiliao in Ming Dynasty, has been under the command of Dodo, the king of Heshuo and Yuqing since the Qing Dynasty. In 1645, he was awarded the title of governor of Jiangsu and Zhejiang military affairs. By the second half of 1651, there was not much war between Suzhou and Hangzhou and Fujian, so Hong Chengchou and Duo Duo moved the hangyuan from Nanjing to Gusu City, which was famous for its beautiful women. Idleness leads to trouble, not to mention that these two people are lecherous. In order to please Duo Duo, Hong Chengchou first got Liu Sanji, a beautiful woman from Changshu, Huang Gongliang, to pay tribute. Later, he went to Bantang Street in Suzhou to find Dong Xiaowan, but failed. He brought Asi Town to Rugao with a flag and lied that Xiaowan was invited to Suzhou to teach catering production. It happened that at this time, he ventured across the border because of involvement? Chen Junyue fought against the Qing Dynasty according to the city? Go out to avoid disaster. Dong Xiaowan knew it was a ruse, but in order to save his family, he had to go to Suzhou alone. The next day, Dong Xiaowan killed himself with scissors hidden in his own clothes, and his blood splashed on Wuyunxuan in Suzhou. Before he died at the age of 82, Mao Bijiang also wrote a quatrain:? Ice silk is a new style, and it is a feast in one fell swoop; I once sang that shed tears in the sunshine, and Suzhou was lonely when I returned home. ? 3. Incense disappears and purple is forbidden: It is also said that since Dong Xiaowan was captured by Qing soldiers in Qinxi in 1645, he was soon transferred to Hong Chengchou, which was in charge of Jiangsu and Zhejiang military affairs. Hong Chengchou wily, determined to send Xiao Wan to the Forbidden City, so that he could be promoted and knighted, and secondly, he wanted to use the Confucian culture of * * * to influence the princes and ministers of the Qing Dynasty, especially the emperor, and let Xiao Wan play the role of Wang Zhaojun and Princess Wencheng, so that he could make a name for himself in history. Small wan counterplot, also want to go to Beijing for the restoration of * * *. So with Hong Chengchou's best friend who never turns back on me, Xiao Wan entered Hubei Province and was adopted by E Shuo as her adopted daughter. She was named Dong Eshi, but her Chinese name is still Xiao Wan. Three years later, Xiaowan dressed up, spoke and behaved vividly as a Manchu princess. Taking advantage of the emperor shunzhi's opportunity to choose a concubine, Xiaowan successfully entered the palace and won Shunzhi's favor with her natural beauty and outstanding talent. She was first named a virtuous princess and then an imperial concubine. Two years later, she gave birth to a dragon son, only to die three months later. Shunzhi made an exception and pursued it. He shuorong? Prince, but Xiaowan couldn't bear the grief of losing her husband and children any longer. In addition, when it was discovered, the suicide note left to Maobijiang before entering the palace was discovered by the Queen Mother Zhuang, so Xiaowan calmly drank and left. Dong Hubei princess died in reserve and mourned, and was killed? Filial sacrifice to the queen? . It is said that Shunzhi was unhappy from then on and soon went to Wutai Mountain to cut his hair and become a monk. According to Liu Cheng Yu's Shi Zai Tang Poetry, Huang Kan, a modern scholar, once said when he was teaching the history of the Qing Dynasty at the university. When Xiaowan entered the palace, he was actually the mastermind of Gu Tinglin (that is, Gu Yanwu). Did he mean to offer Xi Shi to Wu? And said? Confirmed? But? Hiding from others? . 4. Sleepwalking in Jinling: According to textual research, the prototype of Lin Daiyu, the first protagonist in Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions, is actually Dong Xiaowan (see The Relationship between Dong Xiaowan and Lin Daiyu for details), and Dong Xiaowan also lives in Qinhuai River in Nanjing for a long time, right? Jinling is eight bright? One. Jinling, the final destination of Sister Lin, was of course the destination of Dong Xiaowan in those days. Cao Xueqin was born in Nanjing, and spent all his life by the Qinhuai River before he was 11 years old. He should know the rumors and fate of Dong Xiaowan, which can be proved in A Dream of Red Mansions.